【摘要】：2008年,聯(lián)合國安理會給予成員國打擊索馬里海盜的授權(quán)。2009年,聯(lián)合國安理會舉行公開會,就索馬里海盜問題一致通過第1897號決議,決定將安理會第1846、1851號決議關(guān)于會員國及區(qū)域組織與索馬里過渡聯(lián)邦政府合作,在索馬里海域打擊海盜和武裝搶劫行為的授權(quán)延長十二個月至2010年11月30日。最近幾年,數(shù)十個國家通過對商船進行護航、相互協(xié)作等手段,解救了一批商船和船員,取得了一定的成效。但是,我們不得不承認,海盜襲擊行為仍然猖獗,海盜依舊屢屢得手。索馬里問題監(jiān)察組提交的有關(guān)報告顯示,支付給海盜的贖金不斷增多,以及對索馬里的武器禁運未能有效實施,正在助長索馬里沿海的海盜行為。 世界航運正面臨著巨大的壓力。在船貨或人員被劫的情況下,若政府或者相關(guān)組織解救無效,船方或者貨方多數(shù)會選擇與海盜進行談判,支付贖金,以確保船貨和人質(zhì)的安全。但是,海盜贖金數(shù)額巨大,并牽扯多方利益。本文針對現(xiàn)實中海盜猖獗情況,旨在結(jié)合理論與實踐,深入探析海盜贖金與共同海損、海上保險的關(guān)系,重點分析在海盜贖金內(nèi)各方責(zé)任承擔(dān)與利益分攤,以期能為我國相關(guān)理論和實踐提供建議和參考。 除引言與結(jié)論部分外,本文共分為三部分。 第一部分為海盜贖金概述。此部分主要結(jié)合相關(guān)案例及數(shù)據(jù),論述海盜行為的概念,海盜行為的危害性,海盜行為與其他類似行為的區(qū)別,海盜贖金的概念及其特征等基本問題,并重點分析支付海盜贖金的合法性問題。 第二部分為海盜贖金與共同海損。從海盜贖金的性質(zhì)入手,著重分析海盜贖金可否列入共同海損范疇,同時分析在構(gòu)成共同海損情況下存在的問題。 第三部分為海盜贖金與海上保險。此部分著重從保險角度出發(fā),分析當(dāng)前保險體系能否涵蓋海盜風(fēng)險以及如何解決海盜贖金問題。
[Abstract]:In 2008, the UN Security Council authorized member states to fight Somali piracy. In 2009, the UN Security Council held a public meeting and unanimously adopted resolution 1897 on Somali piracy. Decides to extend the mandate of Security Council resolution 1846 / 1851 on cooperation between member States and regional organizations, in cooperation with the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia, to combat piracy and armed robbery in the waters of Somalia for a period of twelve months until 30 November 2010. In recent years, dozens of countries have rescued a group of merchant ships and crew by means of escort and cooperation. However, we have to admit that pirate attacks are still rampant, pirates are still successful. Reports submitted by the Monitoring Group on Somalia indicate that increasing ransoms paid to pirates and the ineffective implementation of the arms embargo on Somalia are fuelling piracy off the coast of Somalia. World shipping is facing great pressure. In the case of hijacked cargo or personnel, if the government or related organization rescue is ineffective, the ship or cargo will choose to negotiate with the pirates to pay ransom to ensure the safety of cargo and hostages. But pirate ransoms are huge and involve multiple interests. Aiming at the rampant situation of piracy in reality, this paper aims to probe into the relationship between pirate ransom and general average and marine insurance in combination with theory and practice, and to analyze the responsibility and benefit sharing of all parties in pirate ransom. In order to provide advice and reference for the relevant theory and practice of our country. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper is divided into three parts. The first part is the summary of pirate ransom. This part mainly discusses the concept of piracy, the harm of piracy, the difference between piracy and other similar acts, the concept and characteristics of pirate ransom, and so on. And focus on the issue of the legitimacy of the payment of ransom for pirates. The second part is about pirate ransom and general average. Starting with the nature of pirate ransoms, this paper emphatically analyzes whether pirate ransoms can be included in the category of general average, and at the same time analyzes the problems existing in the case of general average. The third part is pirate ransom and marine insurance. This part analyzes whether the current insurance system can cover the risk of piracy and how to solve the problem of piracy ransom.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D996

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