本文選題：WTO + 裁決執(zhí)行��； 參考：《山西大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：作為多邊貿(mào)易體制的核心,世界貿(mào)易組織的爭端解決機制在取得許多國家信任的同時成為解決國際貿(mào)易爭端的重要支柱。然而,爭端解決的關(guān)鍵是其裁決能否得到有效執(zhí)行。在裁決執(zhí)行的監(jiān)督方面,執(zhí)行審查程序發(fā)揮著重要作用,并在爭端解決實踐中得到廣泛運用。入世以來,中國在WTO申訴和被訴的案件呈現(xiàn)逐漸增加的趨勢。無論是作為申訴方還是被訴方,都面臨執(zhí)行WTO爭端解決機構(gòu)的裁決的問題。因此,對執(zhí)行審查程序進行深入研究,對我國合理利用WTO爭端解決機制具有非常重要的現(xiàn)實意義。 本文運用案例分析、比較分析、文獻分析等方法,以《關(guān)于爭端解決規(guī)則和程序的諒解》的相關(guān)規(guī)定為基礎(chǔ),通過對進入執(zhí)行審查程序的案件進行詳細分析,結(jié)合專家組和上訴機構(gòu)的報告,闡釋《關(guān)于爭端解決規(guī)則和程序的諒解》關(guān)于執(zhí)行審查程序的規(guī)定,指出執(zhí)行審查程序存在的問題并提出解決問題的方案,以期為我國將來參與類似的WTO執(zhí)行爭端實踐提供指導(dǎo)。 論文除引言和結(jié)論外,分三個部分。 第一部分為執(zhí)行審查程序概述,包括其產(chǎn)生、特點及意義。烏拉圭回合之前,并不重視爭端裁決的執(zhí)行問題,只是在個案中對執(zhí)行建議或裁決進行審查,而沒有遵守的程序。因此,執(zhí)行審查程序是WTO爭端解決機制的創(chuàng)新。與普通程序相比,該程序不僅具有快捷性的特點,而且沒有執(zhí)行的合理期限。就其意義而言,該程序一方面有利于加速DSB建議或裁決的執(zhí)行,同時有利于維護經(jīng)濟小國和發(fā)展中國家的利益。 第二部分以執(zhí)行專家組和上訴機構(gòu)的報告為基礎(chǔ),探討執(zhí)行審查程序中涉及的主要法律問題,具體包括：提起該程序的當(dāng)事人資格、提起執(zhí)行審查程序的時間、執(zhí)行專家組的職責(zé)和審查范圍、執(zhí)行審查程序中的磋商和上訴問題,以及《關(guān)于爭端解決規(guī)則與程序的諒解》中第21.5條與22.6條的先后順序等。 第三部分分析執(zhí)行審查程序存在的問題并提出相應(yīng)的解決對策。作者首先分析執(zhí)行審查程序存在的問題,包括提起該程序的當(dāng)事人資格不明確、提起時間規(guī)定不明、專家組的職責(zé)和審查范圍模糊、磋商是否前置不明以及《關(guān)于爭端解決規(guī)則與程序的諒解》中第21.5條與22.6條在適用過程中的先后順序存在矛盾。針對上述問題,作者提出,應(yīng)進一步明確《關(guān)于爭端解決規(guī)則與程序的諒解》對執(zhí)行審查程序的規(guī)定。具體包括：明確原爭端案件的勝訴方、敗訴方及第三方提起該程序的資格；細化提起該程序的時間規(guī)定；磋商前置并規(guī)定嚴格的限制條件；在合理規(guī)劃執(zhí)行審查程序與授權(quán)報復(fù)程序的最大價值的基礎(chǔ)上,把執(zhí)行審查程序前置。
[Abstract]:As the core of the multilateral trading system, the dispute settlement mechanism of the World Trade Organization (WTO) has gained the trust of many countries and has become an important pillar of the settlement of international trade disputes. However, the key to dispute settlement is whether its ruling can be effectively implemented. Enforcement review procedure plays an important role in the supervision of award enforcement and is widely used in dispute settlement practice. Since China's entry into WTO, the number of cases appealed and sued in WTO has gradually increased. Both as the appellant and the respondent, they are faced with the problem of enforcing the WTO dispute settlement body's ruling. Therefore, it is of great practical significance for our country to make rational use of WTO dispute settlement mechanism. This paper uses the methods of case analysis, comparative analysis, literature analysis and so on. Based on the relevant provisions of the understanding on dispute settlement rules and procedures, this paper makes a detailed analysis of the cases entering the executive review procedure. Explaining the provisions of the understanding on rules and procedures for the settlement of disputes in connection with the reports of panels and appellate bodies on the implementation of review procedures, identifying problems in the implementation of the review procedures and proposing solutions to them, In order to provide guidance for China to participate in similar WTO implementation dispute practice. In addition to the introduction and conclusions, the paper is divided into three parts. The first part is an overview of the implementation review process, including its emergence, characteristics and significance. Prior to the Uruguay Round, no attention had been paid to the implementation of dispute awards, but only to the review of enforcement recommendations or awards in individual cases and not to the procedure followed. Therefore, the implementation review procedure is the innovation of WTO dispute settlement mechanism. Compared with the ordinary program, the program not only has the characteristics of quickness, but also has no reasonable time limit for execution. In its sense, the program helps speed up the implementation of DSB recommendations or rulings, while safeguarding the interests of small economies and developing countries. The second part, based on the reports of the enforcement panel and the appellate body, explores the main legal issues involved in the enforcement review process, including, in particular, the qualification of the party to initiate the proceedings and the timing of the initiation of the enforcement review procedure, To carry out the duties and scope of review of the panel, the consultation and appeal issues in the execution of the review procedure, and the order of articles 21.5 and 22.6 of the understanding on rules and procedures for dispute settlement, etc. The third part analyzes the problems existing in the executive review procedure and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures. The author first analyzes the problems existing in the implementation of the review procedure, including the unclear qualifications of the parties who initiated the procedure, the unclear timing of the proceedings, the ambiguity of the duties and scope of the panel of experts, It is not clear whether the consultation is prior or not, and there is a contradiction between articles 21.5 and 22.6 of the understanding on rules and procedures for dispute settlement in the course of application. In view of the above problems, the author suggests that the understanding on dispute settlement rules and procedures should be further clarified. It includes: clarifying the qualification of the winning party, the losing party and the third party of the original dispute case to initiate the procedure; Based on the rational planning of the maximum value of the executive review procedure and the authorized retaliation procedure, the execution review procedure is put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D996.1

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