本文選題：可持續(xù)發(fā)展 + 清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制�。� 參考：《湖南大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：氣候變化現(xiàn)已成為全人類共同面臨的最為緊迫的問題之一,自1992年巴西里約熱內(nèi)盧環(huán)境與發(fā)展大會(huì)召開以來,全球氣候談判可謂步履維艱�！堵�(lián)合國氣候變化框架公約》及其《京都議定書》是國際社會(huì)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的基本依據(jù)和準(zhǔn)則。清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制是《京都議定書》為幫助發(fā)達(dá)國家履行第一承諾期溫室氣體國際減排義務(wù)而安排的三種基于市場手段的靈活機(jī)制之一。清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制白實(shí)施以來取得了較好的成績,幫助了發(fā)達(dá)國家以更低成本實(shí)現(xiàn)其履約目標(biāo),同時(shí)為發(fā)展中國家的發(fā)展提供了資金與技術(shù)支持。但清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制本身及其在具體實(shí)施過程中仍存在較多的問題,如大部分的清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制方法學(xué)由于其本身的可操作性問題和缺乏市場吸引力而基本上沒有得到應(yīng)用；清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制項(xiàng)目的額外性如何準(zhǔn)確把握；清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制項(xiàng)目活動(dòng)造成了碳泄漏；項(xiàng)目參與者對(duì)清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的過分追求,導(dǎo)致清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制項(xiàng)目活動(dòng)實(shí)施中出現(xiàn)選擇上的偏向,忽視清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制項(xiàng)目活動(dòng)的額外性與環(huán)境整體性等要求。為了更好地發(fā)揮清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制在全球氣候變化應(yīng)對(duì)中的作用,實(shí)現(xiàn)清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制幫助發(fā)達(dá)國家低成本減排和發(fā)展中國家可持續(xù)發(fā)展之目標(biāo),實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益與環(huán)境效益間的平衡,需要堅(jiān)持并貫徹可持續(xù)發(fā)展理念,完善清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制項(xiàng)目管理體制和法規(guī)建設(shè),選擇合適的額外性評(píng)價(jià)準(zhǔn)則,明確并拓寬環(huán)境整體性的定義,確定合理的項(xiàng)目邊界,引進(jìn)公眾參與制度與環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)制度,嚴(yán)格清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制項(xiàng)目活動(dòng)的司法審查等。清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制是《京都議定書》安排的一種臨時(shí)機(jī)制,將于《京都議定書》第一承諾期屆滿,其未來存在很多不確定性,但歐盟對(duì)清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制發(fā)展的高姿態(tài)表態(tài)、坎昆會(huì)議及其相關(guān)文件對(duì)清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制發(fā)展提出的要求及清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制執(zhí)行理事會(huì)就清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制對(duì)其本身提出的要求等,表明清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制仍有存在的必要,但應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)可持續(xù)發(fā)展理念對(duì)其加以完善。
[Abstract]:Climate change has now become one of the most pressing issues facing all mankind, since the Rio de Janeiro Conference on Environment and Development, held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992, The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate change and its Kyoto Protocol are the basic basis and criterion for the international community to deal with climate change. The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is one of the three market-based flexible mechanisms arranged by the Kyoto Protocol to help developed countries meet their international greenhouse gas emission reduction obligations in the first commitment period. Since the implementation of the clean development mechanism (CDM), good results have been achieved, helping developed countries to achieve their implementation targets at lower cost, and providing financial and technical support for the development of developing countries. However, there are still many problems in the CDM itself and its implementation, such as the fact that most CDM methodologies are largely unapplied because of their operational problems and lack of market attractiveness; How exactly to grasp the additionality of CDM projects; how CDM project activities cause carbon spills; and the excessive pursuit by project participants of CDM economic benefits, It leads to the selection bias in the implementation of CDM project activities and neglects the requirements of additionality and environmental integrity of CDM project activities. In order to better play the role of the clean development mechanism in the global response to climate change, to achieve the objective of the clean development mechanism to help developed countries to reduce emissions at low cost and to achieve sustainable development in developing countries, and to achieve a balance between economic and environmental benefits, It is necessary to adhere to and implement the concept of sustainable development, perfect the management system and regulations of CDM projects, select appropriate criteria for evaluation of additionality, clarify and broaden the definition of environmental integrity, and determine reasonable project boundaries. The system of public participation and environmental impact assessment is introduced, and the judicial review of CDM project activities is strictly enforced. The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is an interim mechanism arranged by the Kyoto Protocol, which will expire in the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol. There are many uncertainties about its future. However, the EU has expressed its position on the development of the CDM in a high profile. The requirements for the development of the clean development mechanism made at Canc 煤 n and its related documents, and the requirements of the Executive Board of the clean development mechanism on the clean development mechanism itself, indicate the continuing need for the clean development mechanism, However, it should be perfected according to the concept of sustainable development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D996.9

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本文編號(hào)：2083359