本文選題：促進(jìn)措施 + 中小企業(yè)��； 參考：《河北經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：十年前的1999年,中國(guó)是一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型、人民憧憬世界、中國(guó)產(chǎn)品打開國(guó)際市場(chǎng)的國(guó)度。西方主流媒體和輿論就中國(guó)入世對(duì)世界到底會(huì)帶來(lái)什么樣的影響而爭(zhēng)論不休,但是中國(guó)已經(jīng)成為國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)不可缺少的組成部分,中國(guó)威脅論開始了世界性的蔓延。而十二年后的今天,中國(guó)是一個(gè)完成WTO體制經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)軌、人民充滿自信的經(jīng)濟(jì)、貿(mào)易、投資大國(guó)。西方主流媒體和輿論對(duì)于金融危機(jī)后重新洗牌的國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)體系中的中國(guó)進(jìn)行了重新審視,中國(guó)成為拉動(dòng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇的火車頭,中國(guó)威脅論和中國(guó)救世主論并行,但后者似乎更占上風(fēng)。隨著中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的崛起,主宰國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)十年的七國(guó)集團(tuán)的歷史使命即將結(jié)束,中國(guó)成為新的國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)體制中的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵要素,這對(duì)中國(guó)而言既是挑戰(zhàn),也是機(jī)遇。這在國(guó)際投資領(lǐng)域來(lái)得更為突然。中國(guó)以制造業(yè)實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)為基礎(chǔ)積累起來(lái)的外匯儲(chǔ)備和資金改變了國(guó)際投資的流向。中國(guó)正實(shí)行從吸收海外投資向投資海外的戰(zhàn)略轉(zhuǎn)折。中國(guó)企業(yè)胸懷全球志向,開始進(jìn)行大規(guī)模海外并購(gòu),并試圖通過(guò)向海外投資實(shí)行產(chǎn)業(yè)的海外轉(zhuǎn)移。作為“世界工廠”的中國(guó)對(duì)能源等資源的巨大需求促使中國(guó)企業(yè)使用巨額資金到海外去尋求各種能源等資源。中國(guó)的大企業(yè)進(jìn)行海外投資有其天生的優(yōu)勢(shì)：資金雄厚,政策導(dǎo)向,國(guó)家立法支持。但是中小企業(yè)的的海外投資卻障礙重重,面對(duì)業(yè)已飽和了的國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng),中小企業(yè)必然也要進(jìn)行海外投資來(lái)維持其自身的的發(fā)展,但中小企業(yè)本身就勢(shì)單力薄,資金方面嚴(yán)重短缺,還有不完善的國(guó)家法律,政策環(huán)境的阻礙,使得中小企業(yè)進(jìn)行海外投資舉步維艱,這顯然與我國(guó)現(xiàn)有的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方向和“走出去”戰(zhàn)略的實(shí)現(xiàn)相違背。我國(guó)關(guān)于中小企業(yè)海外投資保護(hù)的法律很不健全,鼓勵(lì)政策也不完善,甚至在某些方面還是空白,這就使得我國(guó)中小企業(yè)的海外投資利益很難得到有力的保護(hù),使得中小企業(yè)進(jìn)行海外投資的熱情大打折扣。 具體而言,我國(guó)中小企業(yè)海外投資面臨的法律障礙和困境主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面：中小企業(yè)海外投資立法混亂、滯后、缺乏權(quán)威性；有關(guān)海外投資的國(guó)內(nèi)法與國(guó)際法銜接和利用不足；中小企業(yè)海外投資保險(xiǎn)機(jī)制不健全；中小企業(yè)海外投資監(jiān)管制度缺位；現(xiàn)行融資制度不利于中小企業(yè)海外投資融資；立法中缺乏對(duì)中小企業(yè)海外投資者的重視。 這些法律障礙和困境的存在嚴(yán)重影響了我國(guó)中小企業(yè)海外投資的熱情,不利于中小企業(yè)發(fā)展壯大,削弱了我國(guó)企業(yè)在海外市場(chǎng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,更抑制了我國(guó)“走出去”戰(zhàn)略的順利實(shí)現(xiàn)。綜觀世界各國(guó)實(shí)踐,無(wú)論是發(fā)達(dá)的資本主義國(guó)家,還是發(fā)展中國(guó)家都在鼓勵(lì)和促進(jìn)本國(guó)的中小企業(yè)走出去,進(jìn)行海外投資,取得國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上的先導(dǎo)權(quán)。在其各國(guó)內(nèi)法律體系中都有促進(jìn)本國(guó)中小企業(yè)進(jìn)行海外投資的立法,都在努力為本國(guó)中小企業(yè)進(jìn)行海外投資創(chuàng)造良好的法律和政策環(huán)境。雖然我國(guó)對(duì)中小企業(yè)海外投資也采取了一定的促進(jìn)和鼓勵(lì)措施,但目前我國(guó)關(guān)于這方面的立法體系還十分不完善,存在許多障礙,立法遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)滯后于現(xiàn)實(shí)的需要。因此,借鑒其他國(guó)家的先進(jìn)立法經(jīng)驗(yàn),加強(qiáng)對(duì)中小企業(yè)海外投資立法的規(guī)范在現(xiàn)階段是十分必要的。 本文從我國(guó)中小企業(yè)海外投資的基本理論問(wèn)題入手,說(shuō)明了中小企業(yè)發(fā)展海外投資的必要性和可行性,目的是消除人們對(duì)中小企業(yè)的歧視性心理。而后闡明了我國(guó)在這方面的立法現(xiàn)狀和中小企業(yè)進(jìn)行海外投資面臨的法律障礙與困境,在進(jìn)一步分析國(guó)外相關(guān)的中小企業(yè)海外投資法律制度的基礎(chǔ)上,又提出了完善我國(guó)中小企業(yè)海外投資法律制度的立法建議。以期對(duì)促進(jìn)我國(guó)中小企業(yè)的海外投資提供一定的法律制度保障,激發(fā)中小企業(yè)對(duì)外投資的熱情,保護(hù)中小企業(yè)的海外利益。
[Abstract]:Ten years ago, ten years ago, China was a country that was undergoing economic transformation, the people looked forward to the world and the Chinese products opened the international market. The mainstream media and public opinion in the West argued about the impact of China's entry into the world on the world. But China has become an indispensable part of the international economy, China's threat theory. Today, twelve years later, China is a complete WTO economic transition, the people are full of confidence in the economy, trade and investment. The western mainstream media and public opinion have reexamined China in the international economic system of re shuffling after the financial crisis, and China has become an economic recovery in the world. With the rise of China's economy, the historical mission of the group of seven countries, which dominates the international economy for decades, is about to end. China is a key element in the new international economic system, which is both a challenge and an opportunity for China. The foreign exchange reserves and funds that China has accumulated on the basis of the manufacturing real economy have changed the flow of international investment. China is turning to a strategic turn from absorbing overseas investment to investment abroad. China's huge demand for energy and other resources, as the "world factory", has prompted Chinese enterprises to use huge sums of money to seek resources such as all kinds of energy. China's large enterprises have their natural advantages: rich funds, policy oriented, national legislative support. But the sea of small and medium-sized enterprises There are many obstacles in foreign investment. Facing the already saturated domestic market, small and medium-sized enterprises are bound to invest overseas to maintain their own development. However, small and medium-sized enterprises themselves have a weak single force, a serious shortage of funds, and the obstacles of imperfect national law and policy environment, which make small and medium-sized enterprises make difficulties in overseas investment. This is obviously contrary to our current economic development direction and the realization of the "going out" strategy. The law on the protection of small and medium-sized enterprises overseas investment is not sound, and the encouragement policy is not perfect, even in some aspects, which makes it difficult to protect the interests of the foreign investment in the small and medium-sized enterprises. The enthusiasm of small businesses to invest abroad is discounted.
In particular, the legal obstacles and difficulties faced by small and medium enterprises in China are mainly reflected in the following aspects: the foreign investment legislation of small and medium enterprises is chaotic, lagging, and lack of authority; the domestic law and the international law are insufficient; the insurance mechanism of small and medium-sized enterprises is not sound; The regulatory system of overseas investment is absent. The current financing system is not conducive to overseas investment and financing of SMEs.
The existence of these legal obstacles and difficulties has seriously affected the enthusiasm of small and medium enterprises in China, which is not conducive to the development and expansion of small and medium-sized enterprises, weaken the competitiveness of Chinese enterprises in the overseas market, and also inhibit the smooth realization of our "going out" strategy. Developing countries are encouraging and promoting their small and medium-sized enterprises to go out, invest abroad and gain the right to lead in the international market. In their domestic legal systems, there are legislation to promote foreign investment in their own small and medium-sized enterprises. All of them are trying to create a good legal and policy environment for foreign investment in their own small and medium-sized enterprises. However, our country has also taken some measures to promote and encourage foreign investment in small and medium-sized enterprises, but at present, the legislative system in this area is still very imperfect, there are many obstacles, the legislation is far behind the needs of reality. Therefore, we should learn from the advanced legislative experience of other countries and strengthen the standardization of the legislation of foreign investment in small and medium-sized enterprises. It is very necessary at this stage.
This paper, starting with the basic theoretical problems of the overseas investment of small and medium enterprises in China, illustrates the necessity and feasibility of the small and medium-sized enterprises to develop overseas investment. The purpose is to eliminate the discriminatory mentality of the small and medium enterprises. Then, the legislative status of China in this respect and the legal obstacles and difficulties faced by the small and medium enterprises in the overseas investment are clarified. On the basis of further analysis of foreign related legal system for foreign investment in small and medium enterprises, the legislative proposals for improving the legal system of foreign investment in small and medium enterprises in China are put forward in order to provide a certain legal system to promote the overseas investment of small and medium enterprises in China, to stimulate the enthusiasm of small and medium-sized enterprises to invest in foreign countries and to protect small and medium enterprises. Overseas interests.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D922.295;D996.4

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