本文選題：歐洲 + 人格權(quán)　； 參考：《煙臺大學學報(哲學社會科學版)》2014年04期

【摘要】：歐洲各國大致通過三種途徑實現(xiàn)對人格權(quán)的民法保護。其中歐陸法系國家有兩種,一部分是關(guān)注一般人格權(quán)保護,另一部分是注重具體人格權(quán)保護,而英國法則是關(guān)注違法行為本身以及不同侵權(quán)個案的具體情形。無論哪種保護方式,核心問題是要區(qū)分人格權(quán)內(nèi)涵的不同領(lǐng)域而予以不同程度的法律保護。對法律地位清晰明確、顯而易見以及法律位階較高的人格權(quán)益,應予以較高程度的保護,反之,則應給予較低程度的保護或者不予保護。憲法性權(quán)利可以對私權(quán)產(chǎn)生間接卻重要的影響,人權(quán)對人格權(quán)的影響也是如此。歐洲許多國家便是通過解讀《歐洲人權(quán)公約》來尋求人格權(quán)的法律保護。與此同時,歐洲人權(quán)法院在適用《歐洲人權(quán)公約》的過程中,試圖促成歐洲各國人格權(quán)保護的統(tǒng)一標準。在侵害人格權(quán)的法律后果上,是否適用非財產(chǎn)損害賠償,是反映一個國家對人格權(quán)保護是否充分以及適當?shù)脑嚱鹗��；趯η謾?quán)法補償功能的考量,并不適宜將懲罰性賠償引入人格權(quán)法律保護。
[Abstract]:European countries generally realize the civil law protection of personality right through three ways. Among them, there are two kinds of countries in European legal system, one is to pay attention to the protection of general personality right, the other is to pay attention to the protection of specific personality rights, and the British law is to pay attention to the violation itself and the specific situation of different infringement cases. No matter which way of protection, the core problem is to distinguish the different fields of personality right connotation and to give different degree of legal protection. To the legal status clear, obvious and the legal rank higher personality rights and interests, should give the higher degree protection, otherwise, should give the lower degree protection or does not have the protection. Constitutional rights can have indirect but important effects on private rights, as well as human rights on personality rights. Many countries in Europe seek legal protection of personal rights by interpreting the European Convention on Human Rights. At the same time, the European Court of Human Rights in the application of the European Convention on Human Rights, trying to promote the European countries in the protection of human rights unified standards. On the legal consequence of infringing on personality right, the application of non-property damage compensation is a test to reflect whether a country has enough and proper protection of personality right. Based on the consideration of the compensation function of tort law, it is not appropriate to introduce punitive damages into the legal protection of personality rights.
【作者單位】： 歐洲侵權(quán)法研究院;煙臺大學法學院;
【分類號】：D998.2

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