本文選題：卡爾沃主義 + 海外投資保險��； 參考：《西南大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：二十世紀末,卡爾沃主義被認為“死亡”,但是在國際投資爭端此起彼伏各東道國疲于應付的背景下,卡爾沃主義反而逐步回歸,走向新生。這一趨勢已經(jīng)不同程度的出現(xiàn)在各大洲,不僅包括了發(fā)展中國家也包括發(fā)達國家�？栁种髁x的“再生”與最初已經(jīng)不同,它針對的是國際投資仲裁對東道國主權和政策空間的侵犯,是在新自由主義受到質(zhì)疑的背景下對維護國家規(guī)制權的表達。在卡爾沃主義不同程度復活的情況下,我國應反思自己的國際投資法律政策,因為我國同樣面臨著一個正當性受到質(zhì)疑的國際仲裁機制,我國也存在保留規(guī)制權的現(xiàn)實要求,同時,我國的海外投資又需要我國政府通過國際投資協(xié)定加以保護。我國的對外投資已經(jīng)進入了發(fā)展的快車道,但是與我國企業(yè)對外直接投資迅速增長以及嚴峻的國際投資環(huán)境不相匹配的是我國的海外投資保險制度。我國通過《關于建立境外投資重點項目風險保障機制有關問題的通知(2005)》和《關于進一步加大對境外重點項目金融保險支持力度有關問題的通知(2006)》、中國出口信用保險公司及其《投保指南》,建立了目前境外投資保險制度的框架。但是這些規(guī)定過于籠統(tǒng),可操作性不強,存在很多問題。在國際國內(nèi)雙重背景下,我國海外投資保險制度的發(fā)展就不可避免的需要借鑒多邊投資擔保機構的經(jīng)驗。多邊投資擔保機構已經(jīng)在海外投資促進與保險領域獲得國際社會廣泛認可并取得顯著成就。我國雖然是MIGA的會員國,但是通過中國出口信用保險公司與MIGA簽訂的合作備忘錄只是停留在一種合作意向上,很難付諸實踐。為了完善我國的海外投資保險制度、積累海外投資保險相關經(jīng)驗、促進我國的海外投資,為了增加我國海外投資保險的容量、緩和我國海外投資保險的迫切需求,我國就必須積極的運用多邊投資擔保機構。就我國而言,長遠來看首要的任務就是借助這一平臺積累海外投資保險的經(jīng)驗以圖完善我國的海外投資保險法律制度。也就是通過對MIGA承保的政治風險險種等的具體內(nèi)容和對MIGA關于合格投資的系統(tǒng)明確的規(guī)定等方面的借鑒與揚棄,在商務部《境外投資管理辦法》的基礎上制定一部《境外直接投資法》,并在《境外直接投資法》中設一章內(nèi)容,對海外投資保險制度的一般內(nèi)容進行規(guī)定。內(nèi)容大致包括保險人、被保險人、保險范圍、保險期限、保險金等實體內(nèi)容,以及申請條件、賠償程序、備案報告以及注意義務等程序內(nèi)容,然后再配合出臺相關的條例規(guī)范實施細則,以進一步完善我國的海外投資保險制度。其次,針對我國目前海外投資保險容量不足與對海外投資保險迫切需求的現(xiàn)狀,現(xiàn)階段中國出口信用保險公司應當積極參與MIGA的相關保險計劃,構建與MIGA的對接合作通道,鼓勵國內(nèi)企業(yè)積極投保。具體而言主要包括以下三個方面:第一,參與MIGA主導的合作擔保計劃與臨時分保計劃;第二,加強對MIGA宣傳的同時培養(yǎng)相關的專業(yè)人才;第三,建立與MIGA的信息共享機制。
[Abstract]:At the end of the twentieth Century, the cull doctrine was thought to be "dead", but in the context of the international investment dispute that the host countries were exhausted, the cull doctrine was gradually returning to a new life. This trend has emerged in varying degrees on all continents, not only the developing countries but also the developed countries. "Regeneration" is different from the original. It is aimed at the violation of the sovereignty and policy space of the host country by international investment arbitration. It is the expression of the protection of state regulation under the challenge of the new liberalism. In the case of the resurrection of the different extent of the culvo doctrine, our country should reflect on its own international investment legal policy, because of our country. It is also faced with an international arbitration mechanism that has been questioned due to its legitimacy. Our country also has the actual requirements to reserve the right of regulation. At the same time, our country's overseas investment needs our government to protect it through international investment agreements. Our foreign investment has entered the fast development road, but the foreign direct investment of our enterprises is increasing rapidly. China's overseas investment insurance system is not matched by a long and severe international investment environment. China has passed the notice on establishing the risk security mechanism of key overseas investment projects (2005) > and < about further enlarging the related issues of financial insurance support for key projects overseas (2006) > China export letter. With the insurance company and its < Insurance Guide >, the framework of the current overseas investment insurance system has been established. However, the regulations are too general, the operability is not strong, and there are many problems. Under the dual background of international and domestic, the development of the overseas investment insurance system in China is unavoidable to draw on the experience of the multilateral investment guarantee institutions. It has been widely recognized by the international community in the field of overseas investment promotion and insurance and has achieved remarkable achievements. Although China is a member of MIGA, the memorandum of cooperation signed by the China Export and Credit Insurance Corp and MIGA is only a kind of cooperation intention, which is difficult to put into practice. Investment insurance system, accumulation of overseas investment insurance related experience, promote our country's overseas investment, in order to increase the capacity of China's overseas investment insurance and alleviate the urgent needs of China's overseas investment insurance, our country must actively use the multilateral investment guarantee institutions. In our country, the first task is to use this platform. To accumulate the experience of overseas investment insurance in order to perfect our country's overseas investment insurance legal system, that is, through the concrete content of the political risk insurance of the MIGA insurance and the reference and discarding of MIGA's clear regulations on the system of qualified investment, a "border" is formulated on the basis of the Ministry of Commerce "foreign investment management method". The law of foreign direct investment and the contents of a chapter in the foreign direct investment law stipulate the general content of the insurance system for overseas investment. The contents include the insurer, the insured, the insurance scope, the period of insurance, the insurance, and other substantive contents, as well as the application conditions, the compensation procedure, the record report and the duty of care. In order to further improve our country's overseas investment insurance system, the relevant regulations should be introduced to further improve the overseas investment insurance system in China. Secondly, in view of the current situation that the overseas investment insurance capacity is insufficient and the overseas investment insurance is urgently needed in China, the China Export and Credit Insurance Corp should actively participate in the related insurance plan of MIGA at present, and build up and MIGA The joint cooperation channel encourages the active insurance of domestic enterprises. In particular, it mainly includes the following three aspects: first, participating in the MIGA led cooperative guarantee program and the interim reinsurance plan; second, strengthening the publicity of the MIGA and training relevant professionals; third, establishing the information sharing mechanism with the MIGA.
【學位授予單位】：西南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D996.4

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