本文選題：空難救援 + 國際合作��； 參考：《寧波大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著世界航空技術(shù)的不斷突破,搭乘飛機成為了人們生活中十分重要的出行方式。然而最近幾年,全球范圍內(nèi)出現(xiàn)了不少空難事故,令人感到震驚和悲傷�？针y與一般性災(zāi)難不同,其對人身安全和財產(chǎn)安全造成的損害是極其重大的,而且范圍往往波及不同的國家和地域,具有十分明顯的國際性。不容置疑的是,空難救援措施是挽回?fù)p失最及時、最直接的一種方式�？针y事故發(fā)生后,相關(guān)國家在空難救援方面進行的合作,包含了各國政治、經(jīng)濟、軍事、科技以及文化的碰撞。作為空難救援國際合作中必然會遇到的兩個原則,不干涉內(nèi)政原則與人權(quán)優(yōu)先原則反映了空難救援國際合作的主要矛盾。在空難救援的國際合作中,還存在著許多問題。首先,與空難救援國際合作相關(guān)的規(guī)定并不系統(tǒng),只是散見于一些國際條約之中,內(nèi)容不夠具體。其次,空難救援國際合作的協(xié)調(diào)機制和監(jiān)督機制的作用方式、救援主體中主導(dǎo)國的確定和運作程序,都無法在條約中找到相應(yīng)的依據(jù)。除此之外,空難救援還面臨著很大的政治阻力,救援過程很容易淪為國家展現(xiàn)軍事實力的機會,并且不恰當(dāng)?shù)木仍绞酵鶗䦟σ恍﹪业闹鳈?quán)造成侵害。國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對于國際救援合作的內(nèi)容通常是在救援方式的分類基礎(chǔ)上進行一定深度的探索,但若以空難事故為角度,能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)對各種國際救援合作方式的綜合,更具有針對性。因此,國際社會應(yīng)當(dāng)對空難救援給予足夠的重視,構(gòu)建空難救援國際合作法律體系,將協(xié)調(diào)機關(guān)和監(jiān)督主體的工作程序進行規(guī)制。此外,可以通過明確主導(dǎo)國的產(chǎn)生方式、制定主導(dǎo)國工作細(xì)則來鞏固空難救援主體中主導(dǎo)國的法律地位,并采取統(tǒng)一空難調(diào)查具體項目、以責(zé)任區(qū)救援力量取代國家救援力量、確立空難救援禁止性規(guī)則的法律措施來緩解政治壓力,不斷完善空難救援國際合作法律制度。
[Abstract]:With the continuous breakthrough of aviation technology in the world, flying has become a very important way of travel in people's lives. However, in recent years, there have been many air accidents around the world, shocking and sad. Different from general disasters, the damage to personal safety and property safety caused by air disasters is extremely significant, and the scope often affects different countries and regions, and has a very obvious international character. There is no doubt that the rescue measures are the most timely and direct way to recover the damage. In the aftermath of the crash, the cooperation of the countries involved in the rescue of the air disaster involved political, economic, military, technological and cultural collisions. As two principles of international cooperation in air disaster rescue, the principle of non-interference in internal affairs and the principle of priority of human rights reflect the principal contradiction of international cooperation in air disaster rescue. There are still many problems in the international cooperation in air disaster rescue. First, the provisions relating to international cooperation in air rescue are not systematic, they are scattered among international treaties and are not specific enough. Secondly, the coordination mechanism and supervision mechanism of international cooperation in air disaster rescue can not find the corresponding basis in the treaty, as well as the determination and operation procedure of the leading country in the rescue subject. In addition, air rescue also faces great political resistance, the rescue process is easily reduced to a country to show military strength, and improper rescue methods often affect the sovereignty of some countries. The content of international rescue cooperation is usually based on the classification of rescue methods, but if the air accident as a point of view, can achieve a variety of international rescue cooperation methods synthesis, more targeted. Therefore, the international community should pay enough attention to the air disaster rescue, build a legal system of international cooperation in air disaster rescue, and regulate the working procedures of the coordinating organs and the supervisory bodies. In addition, it is possible to consolidate the legal status of the leading country in the air disaster rescue body by making clear the way leading countries are formed, and to adopt a unified air disaster investigation project to replace the national rescue forces with rescue forces in the area of responsibility. Establish legal measures to relieve political pressure and improve the legal system of international cooperation in air disaster rescue.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧波大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D99

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