本文選題：TRIPS + 傳統(tǒng)知識(shí)��； 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：摘要：隨著信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展和全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化時(shí)代的到來,傳統(tǒng)知識(shí)在平衡國(guó)際利益、維護(hù)生物多樣性與文化多樣性、促進(jìn)國(guó)際社會(huì)公平發(fā)展和提高國(guó)際社會(huì)發(fā)展效率等方面發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用,在國(guó)際社會(huì)范圍內(nèi)引起了廣泛關(guān)注。但是,由于傳統(tǒng)知識(shí)產(chǎn)生時(shí),類似現(xiàn)行的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)制度還沒有建立起來,因此,傳統(tǒng)知識(shí)一直游離于法律保護(hù)的邊緣。部分發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家往往免費(fèi)或以極低代價(jià)利用傳統(tǒng)知識(shí)制成產(chǎn)品或技術(shù)并申請(qǐng)專利保護(hù),獲取豐厚利潤(rùn),然而作為傳統(tǒng)知識(shí)來源的發(fā)展中國(guó)家不僅不能獲取利益甚至對(duì)這些知識(shí)的使用也受到限制,這種不當(dāng)利用的現(xiàn)象使得傳統(tǒng)知識(shí)的存續(xù)面臨嚴(yán)重威脅。因此,研究在國(guó)際范圍內(nèi)如何保護(hù)傳統(tǒng)知識(shí),將其納入現(xiàn)代知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)制度具有重要的理論和實(shí)踐意義。 本論文主要從傳統(tǒng)知識(shí)的法律界定入手,對(duì)其特征和本質(zhì)進(jìn)行了概括,然后在比較分析國(guó)際社會(huì)保護(hù)傳統(tǒng)知識(shí)現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上,論證了在TRIPS框架下對(duì)傳統(tǒng)知識(shí)進(jìn)行知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)的必要性和可行性,進(jìn)而提出了在TRIPS框架下構(gòu)建法律保護(hù)制度的設(shè)想,即以利益平衡為支點(diǎn),確立事先知情、利益分享和合理使用例外的三大基本原則,積極確立傳統(tǒng)知識(shí)持有者的權(quán)利,同時(shí)加以消極保護(hù),并輔之以合理或正當(dāng)使用的例外。筆者希望可以通過構(gòu)建這樣一個(gè)以消極保護(hù)為主、積極保護(hù)為輔,以合理使用例外為補(bǔ)充的多重、立體的保護(hù)機(jī)制,達(dá)到既可以保護(hù)傳統(tǒng)知識(shí)所有者的利益,同時(shí)也可以鼓勵(lì)各國(guó)合理、積極地使用傳統(tǒng)知識(shí),使之存續(xù)并得到進(jìn)一步的發(fā)展和完善的目標(biāo)。論文的最后著眼于我國(guó)的實(shí)際情況,結(jié)合我國(guó)作為一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)知識(shí)豐富的發(fā)展中大國(guó)的實(shí)際,對(duì)我國(guó)目前傳統(tǒng)知識(shí)保護(hù)方面的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了分析,同時(shí),比較和借鑒其他國(guó)家或地區(qū)的立法和司法實(shí)踐,對(duì)在我國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)構(gòu)建傳統(tǒng)知識(shí)的保護(hù)制度、積極推動(dòng)國(guó)際立法進(jìn)程等提出了建議,以增強(qiáng)我國(guó)在知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)領(lǐng)域的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。
[Abstract]:Abstract: with the development of information technology and the coming of the era of global economic integration, traditional knowledge plays a more and more important role in balancing international interests, maintaining biodiversity and cultural diversity, promoting the fair development of the international community and improving the efficiency of the international community, and has caused widespread concern in the international community. However, the existing intellectual property system has not yet been established because of the emergence of traditional knowledge. Therefore, traditional knowledge has been free from the edge of legal protection. Some developed countries often use traditional knowledge for free or at very low cost to make products or technologies and apply for patent protection to obtain rich profits, but as a traditional knowledge. Developing countries are not only unable to obtain benefits and even the use of these knowledge are also restricted. This improper use of the phenomenon makes the survival of traditional knowledge seriously threatened. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study how to protect the traditional knowledge and incorporate it into the modern intellectual property system in the international scope.
This paper, starting with the legal definition of traditional knowledge, summarizes its characteristics and nature. Then, on the basis of comparative analysis of the status of the protection of traditional knowledge in the international community, the necessity and feasibility of the protection of intellectual property in the framework of traditional knowledge under the framework of TRIPS is demonstrated, and then the legal protection under the framework of TRIPS is proposed. The idea of the system is to take the balance of interests as the fulcrum and establish the three basic principles of prior knowledge, benefit sharing and rational use exceptions, and actively establish the rights of the traditional knowledge holders, at the same time, to protect them passively and with the exception of reasonable or proper use. The multiple and three-dimensional protection mechanism, supplemented by protection, can not only protect the interests of the owners of traditional knowledge, but also encourage the rational and active use of traditional knowledge to enable them to continue and achieve further development and improvement. As a big country with rich traditional knowledge, China has made an analysis of the current situation of traditional knowledge protection in our country. At the same time, it compares and draws lessons from the legislative and judicial practice of other countries or regions, and puts forward some suggestions on building the protection system of traditional knowledge and actively promoting the process of international legislation in our country. To enhance our country's competitiveness in the field of intellectual property.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D997.1

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 俞慧;論遺傳生物資源及其相關(guān)傳統(tǒng)知識(shí)的保護(hù)[D];華東政法大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：2009886