本文選題：《中國入世議定書》 + 《WTO協(xié)定》��； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究入世議定書,尤其是《中國入世議定書》及其中承諾的文章不在少數(shù),特別是近幾年來隨著我國在世界貿(mào)易組織(以下簡稱WTO)爭端解決中屢屢敗訴的消息傳來,不僅僅是國內(nèi)學(xué)者,還有很多國外學(xué)者開始重新審視中國入世議定書。本文也是嘗試對《中國入世議定書》在WTO中的法律地位進行定性。但是,目前對于入世議定書的探討,大多集中在案例分析以及具體條款的解釋上,對于《中國入世議定書》改變了《WTO協(xié)定》中的權(quán)利義務(wù)以及這些改變?nèi)绾尉哂袊H法上的約束力等問題卻思慮甚少。本文即打算從近期關(guān)注較少的WTO爭端解決的法律適用問題入手,提出WTO爭端解決適用法律系統(tǒng)的獨立性,即入世議定書本不屬于WTO爭端解決所適用的法律,以此揭示造成當前中國對WTO爭端解決判決不滿的根本原因。但本文沒有僅僅停留在原因分析上,而是進一步為入世議定書能夠適用于WTO爭端解決尋求立法意圖、條款文本、法律體系等方面的解釋,既使得WTO爭端解決適用入世議定書具有合理性,又有利于入世議定書承諾方行使自身的權(quán)利。本文主要運用比較分析和案例分析方法,力圖證明：《中國入世議定書》能夠適用于WTO爭端解決,同時中國也能夠援引《WTO協(xié)定》中的例外條款對《中國入世議定書》中的義務(wù)進行免責,甚至能夠通過《WTO協(xié)定》中的修改條款最終改變《中國入世議定書》中不合理的超WTO義務(wù)�？偟膩碚f,關(guān)鍵問題就是探索《中國入世議定書》在WTO中的法律地位。具體而言,本文將分四章展開論述：第一章探討WTO爭端解決的法律適用問題,即WTO爭端解決機構(gòu)(以下簡稱DSB)在處理WTO爭端時,適用的法律是否有限制,這是回答入世議定書在WTO中法律地位問題的前提和基礎(chǔ)；第二章分析《中國入世議定書》條款的特殊性,DSB審理各類糾紛時適用的法律雖然不是完全相同的,但是都是具有普遍性的條約和規(guī)定,而《中國入世議定書》條款的特殊性導(dǎo)致了中國在爭端解決過程中的特殊情況,這說明解決《中國入世議定書》在WTO中法律地位問題的迫切性和必要性；基于第一章的探討得出結(jié)論,入世議定書并不適用于WTO爭端解決,但是當前的國際實踐基本未對入世議定書的適用性提出過質(zhì)疑,故第三章將介紹《中國入世議定書》在實踐中是如何適用于WTO爭端解決的,以及一些對此產(chǎn)生了質(zhì)疑的學(xué)者提出的他們自己的理論構(gòu)想；第四章將在總結(jié)國際實踐和學(xué)者的理論構(gòu)想的基礎(chǔ)上,通過解析“組成部分”“《WTO協(xié)定》”等詞的含義,提出入世議定書與《WTO協(xié)定》的融合方式,最終找到《中國入世議定書》在WTO中的法律地位問題的答案。
[Abstract]:There are not a few articles studying the protocol of accession to the WTO, especially the Protocol of China's accession to the WTO and its commitments. Especially in recent years, with the news that China has repeatedly lost its case in the dispute settlement of the World Trade Organization (WTO), Not only domestic scholars, but also many foreign scholars began to re-examine China's accession to the WTO Protocol. This paper also attempts to analyze the legal status of China's WTO accession Protocol. However, at present, most of the discussions on the protocol of accession to the WTO have focused on case studies and the interpretation of specific provisions. However, there is little thought about how the Protocol of China's entry into WTO has changed the rights and obligations in the WTO Agreement and how these changes have binding force in international law. This paper intends to start with the issue of the application of WTO dispute settlement law, which is less concerned in the near future, and proposes the independence of the applicable legal system of WTO dispute settlement, that is, the WTO Protocol is not the law applicable to WTO dispute settlement. In this way, the root cause of China's dissatisfaction with WTO dispute settlement decision is revealed. However, this paper does not only focus on the cause analysis, but also seeks the interpretation of the legislative intention, the text of the articles, the legal system, and so on, for the WTO protocol to be applicable to the WTO dispute settlement. It not only makes WTO dispute settlement and application of WTO Protocol reasonable, but also benefits the parties to the WTO Protocol to exercise their rights. By means of comparative analysis and case analysis, this paper tries to prove that the Protocol of China's entry into WTO can be applied to the settlement of WTO disputes. At the same time, China can also invoke the exception clauses in the WTO Agreement to exempt China from the obligations in the Protocol of China's entry into WTO, and even can eventually change the unreasonable excess WTO obligations in the Protocol of China's entry into WTO by amending the provisions in the Agreement. In general, the key issue is to explore the legal status of China's WTO accession Protocol. Specifically, this paper will be divided into four chapters: the first chapter discusses the legal application of WTO dispute settlement, that is, the WTO dispute settlement body (hereinafter referred to as DSBs) when dealing with WTO disputes, the applicable law is limited. This is the premise and basis for answering the question of the legal status of the Protocol of accession to the WTO. Chapter two analyzes the particularity of the provisions of the Protocol on China's accession to the WTO. Although the law applicable to the DSB in handling all kinds of disputes is not exactly the same, However, they are all universal treaties and regulations, and the particularity of the articles of the Protocol on China's accession to the WTO leads to the special circumstances of China in the process of dispute settlement. This shows the urgency and necessity of resolving the legal status of the Protocol of China's accession to the WTO, and based on the discussion in Chapter 1, it is concluded that the Protocol of accession to the WTO is not applicable to the settlement of WTO disputes. However, the current international practice has not questioned the applicability of the WTO Protocol, so the third chapter will introduce how the Protocol of China's entry into WTO is applicable to the WTO dispute settlement in practice. The fourth chapter will analyze the meaning of the words "components" and "WTO Agreement" on the basis of summing up international practice and scholars' theoretical ideas. This paper puts forward the way of merging the protocol of accession to the WTO and the Agreement of WTO, and finally finds out the answer to the legal status of the Protocol of China's entry into WTO.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D996.1

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