本文選題：國際船舶融資租賃 + 船舶登記��； 參考：《浙江大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：在我國造船業(yè)和國際航運業(yè)的發(fā)展的同時,許多造船企業(yè)以及航運公司遇到了自身發(fā)展所需要的資金不足的情況,越來越多的造船企業(yè)和航運公司開始尋求新的融資融物的方式以解決資金帶來的束縛。正是因為在這樣的背景之下,國際船舶融資租賃在我國開始被造船企業(yè)和航運公司用以解決資金問題,并解決融資方式單一的困境。但是國際船舶融資租賃在我國的發(fā)展的時間比較短暫,我國也沒有相應的立法用以規(guī)范船舶融資租賃的相關的內(nèi)容,這樣的法律環(huán)境對國際船舶融資租賃在我國的進一步發(fā)展產(chǎn)生諸多的不利影響。因此只有廣泛深入地研究其他國家或者國際組織對于此項業(yè)務的規(guī)定以及國際上的研究成果,完善我國的國際船舶融資租賃的法律環(huán)境,才能為我國的造船及航運事業(yè)保駕護航。 因為融資租賃作為一種國際普遍適用的融資手段,其法律關系比較復雜,而船舶融資租賃將融資對象特定化為船舶,這樣就將融資租賃法律關系與船舶相關的法律關系做了融合,加深了理論研究以及實踐操作的難度。 本文筆者將我國的法律法規(guī)與理論研究與國外的理論與法律法規(guī)相結(jié)合,提出一些自己的建議。1.國際船舶融資租賃當中的船舶登記制度。因為在國際船舶融資租賃當中會涉及船舶在出租人所在國以及承租人所在國進行“雙重登記”的問題,但是我國又不允許船舶“雙重國籍”的存在,所以如何將所有權登記與融資租賃登記進行協(xié)調(diào)就成了國際船舶融資租賃業(yè)務開展的首要任務。因此本人嘗試建立國際船舶融資租賃登記制度的架構(gòu)。如果將船舶從國外租入我國,出租人應當先將船舶的原登記國國籍進行中止或者封存,承租人憑船舶融資租賃證明到承租人所在國的登記機關申請融資租賃登記。若將船舶租出國外,出租人應當?shù)轿覈拇暗怯洐C關將船舶的中國國籍進行封存或者中止,并書面申請融資租賃的證明文件。2.國際船舶融資租賃當中各方當事人的權利與義務,以及權益遭到損害時的救濟手段。權利與義務是一項法律關系的核心內(nèi)容,國際船舶融資租賃中出租人和承租人處于不同的國家,所以如何保護彼此的權利與義務成了闡明國際船舶融資租賃法律關系的重點。在國際船舶融資租賃關系中,承租人具有經(jīng)營使用船舶的權利同時承擔保管船舶以及按期支付租金的義務；出租人不承擔船舶的瑕疵擔保責任,而是由供貨方向出租人以及承租人同時承擔瑕疵擔保責任。在供貨人的過失造成出租人對承租人違約時,我們要分清出租人是否構(gòu)成根本違約。依據(jù)違約程度的不同,承租人可以選擇終止合同或者繼續(xù)履行責任。承租人不能按期交付租金時,也應當區(qū)分是否構(gòu)成根本違約,出租人有加速支付租金的請求權以及終止合同的權利。3.船舶碰撞產(chǎn)生的責任承擔。因為船舶碰撞會產(chǎn)生船舶碰撞責任以及油污損害的責任,在國際船舶容易租賃的法律關系中,以上兩種責任應該由誰承擔,成為了海上風險責任劃分的重點。船舶的碰撞責任應當根據(jù)實際使用人承擔責任的原則,即承租人應當承擔碰撞產(chǎn)生的損失；船舶的油污損害,應當由船舶的所有人、承租人、經(jīng)營人等船舶方承擔連帶責任。4.選擇法院管轄以及適用法律問題。因為出租人和承租人分屬不同的國家,可以允許出租人和承租人自由選擇有利于自身的管轄法院以及適用的法律。
[Abstract]:At the same time in the development of China's shipbuilding and international shipping industry, many shipbuilding enterprises and shipping companies have met the shortage of funds needed for their own development. More and more shipbuilding and shipping companies have begun to seek new financing ways to solve the bondage of funds. The ship financing lease has been used by shipbuilding enterprises and shipping companies in our country to solve the problem of funds and solve the plight of a single financing way. However, the development time of international financial leasing in China is relatively short, and there is no corresponding legislation to regulate the related contents of the financial leasing of ships, such a legal environment. The international ship financing lease has many adverse effects on the further development of our country, so it is only to study the regulations of other countries or international organizations on this business and the international research results, and to perfect the legal environment of the international ship financing lease in our country, so as to make the shipbuilding and shipping cause of our country. Escort.
Because the financing lease is a kind of universal applicable financing means, its legal relationship is more complex, and the financing lease of the ship is specific to the ship, so it combines the legal relationship with the ship related legal relationship, which deepens the difficulty of theoretical research and practice.
In this paper, the author combines China's laws and regulations and theoretical research with foreign theories and laws and regulations, and puts forward some suggestions on the ship registration system in.1. international ship financing lease, because it involves the "double registration" of the ship in the country of the lessor and the country of the lessee in the international ship financing lease. But China does not allow the existence of "dual nationality" in our country, so how to coordinate ownership registration and financing lease registration is the primary task of international ship financing leasing business. So I try to establish the framework of international ship financing lease registration system. The lessor should first suspend or seal the nationality of the original registration country of the ship, and the lessee shall apply for the registration of the financial lease on the basis of the ship financing lease to the registration authority of the lessee's country. If the ship is leased abroad, the lessor shall seal or suspend the Chinese nationality of the ship to the ship registration authority of our country, and write it in writing. The rights and obligations of parties in the international ship financing lease and the relief means when the rights and interests are damaged. Rights and obligations are the core contents of a legal relationship. The lessor and the lessee in international ship financing lease are in different countries, so how to protect each other's rights in the international ship financing lease,.2. In the international ship financing lease, the lessee has the right to operate the ship and the obligation to pay the rent at the same time; the lessor does not bear the liability for the warranty of the ship's defect, but is the lessor and the lessee in the direction of supply. When the buyer's fault causes the lessor's breach of the lessee, we should distinguish whether the lessor constitutes a fundamental breach of contract. According to the degree of breach, the lessee may choose to terminate the contract or continue to perform the responsibility. If the lessee can not deliver the rent on time, it should also distinguish whether it constitutes a fundamental violation. The lessor has the right to accelerate the payment of the rent and the right to terminate the contract, the right.3. is responsible for the collision, because the collision will produce the responsibility of the collision and the oil pollution. In the legal relationship of the international ship's easy lease, who should bear the above two responsibilities and become the division of the marine risk liability. The responsibility of the collision of the ship should be based on the principle of the liability of the actual user, that is, the lessee should bear the loss caused by the collision; the oil pollution damage of the ship should be taken by the owner, the lessee, the operator and other ships of the ship for the joint and several liability of the.4. to choose the jurisdiction of the court and the applicable legal issues. People belong to different countries. They can allow the lessor and the lessee to freely choose the courts of their own interests and the applicable laws.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D996.19

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本文編號：1976210