發(fā)布時間：2018-05-24 16:56

  本文選題：國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易 + 爭端解決機制��； 參考：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟全球化的加深和國際產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整,國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易經(jīng)歷了長足及迅速的發(fā)展,已成為當今全球經(jīng)濟競爭的重點領(lǐng)域。從1980年至2008年間,國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易出口額從3650億美元擴大到37313億美元,28年間增長了10.2倍,目前國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易出口已占到全球貿(mào)易總額的20%左右,服務(wù)貿(mào)易已成為現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)業(yè)進步的標志,服務(wù)貿(mào)易的全球化、自由化將是一個長期的趨勢。而由于世界各國在經(jīng)濟和服務(wù)業(yè)的發(fā)展存在著嚴重的不平衡以及各國對服務(wù)貿(mào)易獨特的監(jiān)管方式,服務(wù)貿(mào)易壁壘也更加的隱蔽,各國在服務(wù)貿(mào)易方面的摩擦和爭端亦潛在著擴大化和復(fù)雜化的趨勢,這就對服務(wù)貿(mào)易的爭端解決機制提出了更高的要求。自1995年GATS生效以來,WTO將服務(wù)貿(mào)易納入了多邊貿(mào)易體制的范疇,使GATS成為了有關(guān)服務(wù)貿(mào)易具有法律約束力的全球性多邊貿(mào)易協(xié)議,填補了國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域法律的空白。而作為多邊性貿(mào)易體制最核心、最獨特組成部分的爭端解決機制亦是確保該機制有效運作的重要支柱。GATS規(guī)定了有關(guān)服務(wù)貿(mào)易的爭端解決機制,它是WTO將傳統(tǒng)的貨物貿(mào)易爭端解決機制擴大至服務(wù)貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域的結(jié)果,但是,由于服務(wù)貿(mào)易具有無形性和抽象性等本身的特殊性質(zhì),也決定了其爭端解決機制與貨物貿(mào)易的爭端解決的有所不同,即服務(wù)貿(mào)易爭端解決存在著其自身的特殊程序規(guī)則和實體規(guī)則方面的問題,如最惠國待遇、國民待遇、市場準入以及國內(nèi)監(jiān)管等問題。而由于GATS的產(chǎn)生本身就是各談判方之間利益的相互平衡和相互妥協(xié)的產(chǎn)物,GATS涵蓋內(nèi)容的廣泛性與其特殊的具體承諾方式和當今飛速發(fā)展和層出不斷的服務(wù)貿(mào)易新領(lǐng)域相比,其爭端解決機制也面臨著很多新的問題。對當前服務(wù)貿(mào)易爭端解決機制發(fā)展與完善的研究將有助于促進服務(wù)貿(mào)易更加迅速地發(fā)展以及推動服務(wù)貿(mào)易的進一步自由化。 全文主要從四個部分來進行分析。第一部分是對國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易爭端解決機制的基本理論和案例進行了概述和分析。第二部分對國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易爭端解決機制的程序性規(guī)則進行分析。第三部分是對國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易爭端解決機制的相關(guān)實體規(guī)則進行分析。第四部分是結(jié)合中國參與的FTAs分析國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易爭端解決機制的利弊以及提出對其完善的建議。 在第一部分,首先,考察了國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易以及國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易爭端解決的概念,并通過分析國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易爭端解決產(chǎn)生的原因及其歷史沿革,凸顯國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易爭端解決對國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易發(fā)展的重要性和必要性。其次,對現(xiàn)存的服務(wù)貿(mào)易爭端解決機制的機構(gòu)進行概述。第三,對WTO成立以及GATS生效以來涉及的服務(wù)貿(mào)易爭端解決案例進行統(tǒng)計和分析,發(fā)掘國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易爭端解決機制存在的問題。 在第二部分,論述了國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易爭端解決機制的法律依據(jù)、爭端解決的類型以及其救濟措施。分析了國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易爭端解決機制本身存在的特殊規(guī)則,并將服務(wù)貿(mào)易與貨物貿(mào)易的爭端解決規(guī)則進行了比較,研究它們之間的聯(lián)系與區(qū)別,總結(jié)服務(wù)貿(mào)易爭端解決機制的特征。 在第三部分,主要是對以往WTO服務(wù)貿(mào)易爭端解決的案例中反映的有關(guān)GATS其適用范圍、最惠國待遇、國民待遇、市場準入以及服務(wù)貿(mào)易自由化與國內(nèi)監(jiān)管等實體規(guī)范中出現(xiàn)的有關(guān)條款的措辭解釋問題以及對相關(guān)條款在理解與適用方面存在的問題進行了詳細的分析,澄清了相關(guān)措辭的理解和條款的適用規(guī)則。 在第四部分,首先,分析和論述了中國參與的FTAs服務(wù)貿(mào)易爭端解決機制以及服務(wù)貿(mào)易爭端解決機制的發(fā)展情況。其次,對國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易爭端解決機制存在的利弊進行分析。最后,指出完善國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易爭端解決機制應(yīng)具有的六個基本原則以及其今后發(fā)展中應(yīng)堅持的價值取向,并提出了應(yīng)在程序上和實體上進一步完善國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易爭端解決機制的建議。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of economic globalization and the adjustment of international industrial structure, international service trade has experienced rapid and rapid development. It has become the key field of global economic competition. From 1980 to 2008, the export of international service trade expanded from 365 billion US dollars to $37313 billion, and increased by 10.2 times in 28 years, and the international service trade is at present. Easy export has accounted for about 20% of the total global trade. Service trade has become a symbol of modern industrial progress. The globalization of service trade and liberalization will be a long-term trend. However, there is a serious imbalance in the development of economic and service industries in the world, and the special regulation of service trade in various countries, service trade. The barriers are also more hidden, and the frictions and disputes in the service trade are also potentially expanding and complicating. This has put forward higher requirements for the dispute settlement mechanism of service trade. Since the entry into force of GATS in 1995, WTO has incorporated service trade into the category of multilateral trading system, making GATS a service trade tool. A legally binding global multilateral trade agreement fills the gap in the law in the field of international services and trade. As the core of the multilateral trading system, the most unique component of the dispute settlement mechanism is also an important pillar to ensure the effective operation of the mechanism,.GATS stipulates the dispute settlement mechanism related to service trade, which is to be transmitted by the WTO. The dispute settlement mechanism of the goods trade has been expanded to the result of the service trade. However, because the service trade has its own special nature, such as intangible and abstract, it also decides that the dispute settlement mechanism of the service is different from the dispute settlement of the goods trade. The issues of substantive rules, such as most favoured nation treatment, national treatment, market access and domestic regulation, and because the production of GATS itself is the product of the mutual balance and compromise of the interests of the negotiators, the universality of the content of the GATS and its specific specific commitments and the rapid development and the continuous development of the present. Compared with the new field of service trade, its dispute settlement mechanism is also facing a lot of new problems. The research on the development and perfection of the current service trade dispute settlement mechanism will help to promote the rapid development of service trade and further liberate the service trade.
The full text is mainly analyzed from four parts. The first part is an overview and analysis of the basic theories and cases of the international service trade dispute settlement mechanism. The second part analyses the procedural rules of the international service trade dispute settlement mechanism. The third part is the relevant entity of the international service trade dispute settlement mechanism. The fourth part is the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the international service trade dispute settlement mechanism combined with China's participation in FTAs, and puts forward suggestions for its perfection.
In the first part, first, the concept of international service trade and international service trade dispute settlement is investigated. The reasons and historical evolution of international service trade dispute settlement are analyzed, and the importance and necessity of international service trade dispute settlement to the development of international service trade are highlighted. Secondly, the existing service trade disputes are contended. The organization of the end solution mechanism is summarized. Third, it makes statistics and Analysis on the case of service trade dispute settlement involved in the establishment of WTO and GATS since its entry into force, and explores the problems of the international service and trade dispute settlement mechanism.
In the second part, the legal basis of the dispute settlement mechanism of international service trade, the type of dispute settlement and its relief measures are discussed. The special rules of the international service trade dispute settlement mechanism itself are analyzed, and the relations and differences between the service trade and the dispute settlement rules of the goods trade are compared and the relations and differences between them are studied. The characteristics of the dispute settlement mechanism of service trade are summarized.
In the third part, the wording of the relevant provisions on the scope of the GATS, the MFN treatment, the national treatment, the market access, the liberalization of service trade and domestic regulation, as reflected in the cases of the previous WTO service trade dispute settlement, and the interpretation of the relevant provisions in the substantive norms of the liberalization of service trade and domestic regulation, as well as the understanding and application of the relevant provisions. The problems were analyzed in detail, and the understanding of relevant wording and the rules of application of clauses were clarified.
In the fourth part, first, we analyze and discuss the development of the FTAs service trade dispute settlement mechanism and the service trade dispute settlement mechanism involved in China. Secondly, the advantages and disadvantages of the international service trade dispute settlement mechanism are analyzed. Finally, it points out that the six basic sources of the international service trade dispute settlement mechanism should be perfected. As well as the value orientation that should be adhered to in the future development, the proposal to further improve the international service and trade dispute settlement mechanism should be further perfected in the process and in the entity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D996.1

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