發(fā)布時間：2018-05-23 17:23

  本文選題：國際商事調(diào)解 + 程序�。� 參考：《西南政法大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)今社會,隨著世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展,國際商事主體之間的交流與合作越來越頻繁,國際商事領(lǐng)域的爭議也日漸增多并日益復(fù)雜。伴隨著國際商事主體對高效率、低成本經(jīng)濟(jì)觀念的追求以及對和諧、自治等法律觀念的崇尚,商事主體們不斷探尋著最優(yōu)的爭議解決方式。近年來,傳統(tǒng)的訴訟機(jī)制不斷暴露出程序刻板、繁瑣的弊病,曾經(jīng)以快捷、靈活著稱的仲裁機(jī)制也因程序被嚴(yán)格規(guī)制而染上了濃厚的訴訟色彩。在這種形勢下,國際商事調(diào)解以其獨特的優(yōu)勢成為了商事主體們的新寵。在解決爭議的各種方式中,國際商事調(diào)解逐漸成為爭議當(dāng)事人優(yōu)先選擇的對象。在學(xué)理界,國際商事調(diào)解也變得備受關(guān)注。盡管目前對國際商事調(diào)解的研究已碩果累累,但仔細(xì)研習(xí)卻發(fā)現(xiàn),這些論著幾乎都是對調(diào)解的特點、調(diào)解協(xié)議的效力、調(diào)解與仲裁結(jié)合等問題的探討,對調(diào)解程序的設(shè)置、優(yōu)勢與弊端等程序性問題鮮有提及。因此,在日益重視程序正義的今天,有必要對國際商事調(diào)解程序進(jìn)行專門的研究,從程序的角度對調(diào)解機(jī)制進(jìn)行深層次的探討。 本文運用歸納法、比較分析法、實證分析法、理論聯(lián)系實際的方法,以國際商事調(diào)解程序為研究對象,以調(diào)解程序的進(jìn)展為線索,對現(xiàn)行的國際、國內(nèi)立法與實踐進(jìn)行對比分析,從調(diào)解程序的設(shè)置上分析調(diào)解程序的優(yōu)勢,并指出調(diào)解制度在國際商事領(lǐng)域盛行的原因。本文旨在狹義上研究國際商事調(diào)解程序,即獨立的調(diào)解機(jī)構(gòu)處理國際商事爭議的過程,而不包括結(jié)合于其他爭議解決方式中的調(diào)解程序。 相對于訴訟和仲裁而言,國際商事調(diào)解程序具有意思自治、靈活、高效、協(xié)商解決爭議的優(yōu)勢。這些優(yōu)勢使得國際商事調(diào)解作為ADR最具代表性的一種,已超越訴訟、仲裁成為國際商事領(lǐng)域最受歡迎的爭議解決方式。程序的優(yōu)勢來源于程序的設(shè)置。通觀各個國家、國際組織關(guān)于國際商事調(diào)解程序的立法與實踐,不論是調(diào)解程序的啟動、調(diào)解會議的召開,還是調(diào)解程序的終止,都彰顯著意思自治、靈活、高效等特征。在國際商事調(diào)解程序中,當(dāng)事人能夠自由地表達(dá)意志,充分地支配程序,以滿足他們期望達(dá)到的綜合目的。調(diào)解程序不僅能幫助當(dāng)事人妥善解決他們之間的爭議,而且能滿足商人們保全聲譽和體面、維系商務(wù)關(guān)系的愿望。調(diào)解程序所呈現(xiàn)的上述特點是其越來越受到商事主體親睞的原因,也是其得以存續(xù)和發(fā)展的力量源泉。不必?fù)?dān)心調(diào)解程序會流于任意和武斷,也不必?fù)?dān)心調(diào)解程序會淪為強(qiáng)者規(guī)避法律、壓制弱者的工具,優(yōu)秀而有經(jīng)驗的調(diào)解員在調(diào)解程序中的適度介入能有效地解決這些問題。試圖從立法上對調(diào)解程序加以控制,將調(diào)解程序變得嚴(yán)格而規(guī)范,以消除眾人的上述顧慮是無益的,那樣只會讓調(diào)解程序重蹈仲裁的覆轍。要使調(diào)解程序更好地處理爭議,強(qiáng)化調(diào)解員隊伍建設(shè),不斷提高調(diào)解員的素質(zhì)才是可行之道。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, with the rapid development of the world economy, the exchange and cooperation among international commercial subjects are more and more frequent, and the disputes in the field of international commercial affairs are increasing and complex day by day. With the pursuit of high efficiency, low cost economic concept, harmony, autonomy and other legal concepts, commercial subjects are constantly looking for the best way to resolve disputes. In recent years, the traditional litigation mechanism has constantly exposed the procedural stereotypes, cumbersome shortcomings, once known for its speed and flexibility, arbitration mechanism has been heavily affected by the strict regulation of the procedure. In this situation, international commercial mediation with its unique advantages has become the new favorite of commercial subjects. In the various ways of resolving disputes, international commercial mediation has gradually become the preferential choice of disputing parties. In the academic world, international commercial mediation has also become a concern. Although the research on international commercial mediation has been fruitful at present, it is found through careful study that these works are almost all about the characteristics of mediation, the effectiveness of mediation agreements, the combination of mediation and arbitration, and the setting up of conciliation procedures. Advantages and disadvantages and other procedural issues rarely mentioned. Therefore, with the increasing emphasis on procedural justice, it is necessary to conduct a special study on the procedure of international commercial mediation, and to probe deeply into the mediation mechanism from the point of view of procedure. This paper uses inductive method, comparative analysis method, empirical analysis method, the method of combining theory with practice, taking international commercial mediation procedure as the research object, taking the progress of mediation procedure as the clue, to the current international, This paper makes a comparative analysis of domestic legislation and practice, analyzes the advantages of mediation procedure from the point of view of the establishment of mediation procedure, and points out the reasons for the prevalence of mediation system in the field of international commercial affairs. The purpose of this paper is to study the procedure of international commercial conciliation in a narrow sense, that is, the process of dealing with international commercial disputes by independent conciliation agencies, but not the conciliation procedure combined with other dispute settlement methods. Compared with litigation and arbitration, international commercial mediation procedure has the advantages of autonomy of will, flexibility, efficiency, negotiation and settlement of disputes. These advantages make international commercial mediation, as one of the most representative of ADR, has surpassed litigation, and arbitration has become the most popular dispute settlement method in international commercial field. The advantage of program comes from the setting of program. Looking at the legislation and practice of international commercial mediation procedure in various countries, whether it is the initiation of conciliation procedure, the convening of conciliation conference or the termination of mediation procedure, it shows the characteristics of autonomy of will, flexibility and efficiency. In the procedure of international commercial conciliation, the parties can freely express their will and fully dominate the procedure in order to meet the comprehensive purpose they expect to achieve. The mediation procedure can not only help the parties to resolve their disputes properly, but also satisfy the desire of businessmen to preserve their reputation and dignity and maintain business relations. The above characteristics of mediation procedure are the reason why it is more and more favored by commercial subjects and the source of its survival and development. There is no need to worry that the mediation procedure will flow into arbitrariness and arbitrariness, nor that the mediation procedure will become a tool for the strong to circumvent the law and suppress the weak. The moderate intervention of excellent and experienced mediators in the mediation process can effectively solve these problems. It is not helpful to try to control the mediation procedure by legislating, and to make the mediation procedure more strict and standardized, so as to remove the above concerns, which will only lead the mediation procedure to repeat the mistakes of arbitration. It is feasible to make the mediation procedure deal with disputes better, strengthen the construction of mediators and improve the quality of mediators.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D997.4

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