本文選題：海洋環(huán)境污染 + 石油開(kāi)采設(shè)施�。� 參考：《政治與法律》2014年08期

【摘要】：《聯(lián)合國(guó)海洋法公約》等國(guó)際公約雖然對(duì)專屬經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)內(nèi)船舶污染的管轄權(quán)有規(guī)定,但對(duì)石油開(kāi)采設(shè)施造成的污染則規(guī)定不明。石油開(kāi)采設(shè)施具有特殊的性質(zhì),不能套用船舶污染管轄權(quán)的規(guī)定。石油開(kāi)采設(shè)施污染的管轄權(quán)宜采取"以沿海國(guó)為中心"的規(guī)則設(shè)計(jì)。固定式鉆井平臺(tái)和開(kāi)采(固定)狀態(tài)下的移動(dòng)式鉆井平臺(tái)及鉆探船符合"設(shè)施"定義,應(yīng)由沿海國(guó)享有專屬管轄權(quán);航行狀態(tài)下的移動(dòng)式鉆井平臺(tái)及鉆探船應(yīng)由登記國(guó)(船旗國(guó))與沿海國(guó)并行管轄。這樣,能恰當(dāng)平衡登記國(guó)航行自由與沿海國(guó)環(huán)境保護(hù)利益;將管轄權(quán)有效分配給最有監(jiān)管動(dòng)力的沿海國(guó),亦能有效保證污染防治的效果,符合管轄權(quán)的聯(lián)系和效率原理。
[Abstract]:Although the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and other international conventions have provisions on the jurisdiction of pollution by ships in the exclusive economic zone, the regulations on pollution caused by oil extraction facilities are unclear. Petroleum exploitation facilities are of special nature and cannot be applied to the regulation of ship pollution jurisdiction. The jurisdiction over pollution of oil exploitation facilities should be designed according to the rules of "coastal state as the center". Fixed drilling platforms and mobile drilling platforms and vessels in mining (fixed) conditions meet the definition of "facility" and shall be under the exclusive jurisdiction of the coastal State; Mobile drilling platforms and rigs under navigational conditions shall be administered by both the State of Registration (flag State) and the coastal State. In this way, the balance between the freedom of the Air China Bank and the environmental protection interests of the coastal state can be properly balanced, and the jurisdiction can be effectively allocated to the coastal States with the most regulatory power, and the effect of pollution prevention and control can also be effectively guaranteed, which conforms to the principle of the connection and efficiency of the jurisdiction.
【作者單位】： 華南師范大學(xué)法學(xué)院;
【基金】：2011年教育部青年項(xiàng)目“南海油氣資源合作與開(kāi)發(fā)的制度及實(shí)踐”(項(xiàng)目編號(hào):11YJC820145) 華南師范大學(xué)青年培育基金項(xiàng)目“近岸石油開(kāi)采活動(dòng)中海洋環(huán)境污染的國(guó)際法律規(guī)制”的階段性成果
【分類號(hào)】：D993.5

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