本文選題：無(wú)單放貨 + 物權(quán)憑證　； 參考：《上海海事大學(xué)》2006年碩士論文

【摘要】：根據(jù)我國(guó)《海商法》以及國(guó)際航運(yùn)慣例，承運(yùn)人或其代理人必須憑正本提單放貨，以保證提單持有人的合法權(quán)益。然而，在實(shí)踐中，由于船舶周轉(zhuǎn)的快速與提單流轉(zhuǎn)相對(duì)滯后的矛盾，造成承運(yùn)人常常被迫憑提單副本和保函放貨，無(wú)單放貨因而成為國(guó)際航運(yùn)業(yè)一個(gè)久治不愈的“頑疾”。 在此情況下，承運(yùn)人將極有可能對(duì)提單持有人承擔(dān)違約或侵權(quán)責(zé)任。本文首先從分析無(wú)單放貨產(chǎn)生的原因開(kāi)始，探討了無(wú)單放貨糾紛各相關(guān)人之間的關(guān)系；然后論述了提單權(quán)利的法律性質(zhì)，得出提單兼具物權(quán)和債權(quán)效力，但提單在不同環(huán)節(jié)的功能是不同的觀(guān)點(diǎn)；接下來(lái)敘述承運(yùn)人無(wú)單放貨法律責(zé)任的三種學(xué)說(shuō)—侵權(quán)說(shuō)、違約說(shuō)和責(zé)任競(jìng)合說(shuō)，，認(rèn)為在我國(guó)當(dāng)前海商法律框架下，承運(yùn)人無(wú)單放貨的法律責(zé)任應(yīng)認(rèn)定為違約；最后闡述了記名提單的識(shí)別問(wèn)題以及各國(guó)對(duì)記名提單下承運(yùn)人是否應(yīng)憑單放貨的不同規(guī)定，并肯定了在我國(guó)《海商法》下承運(yùn)人或其代理人也必須憑單放貨的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。 以上是本文的主要內(nèi)容，筆者參照了我國(guó)及英美等國(guó)的有關(guān)立法及判例，運(yùn)用比較法學(xué)的研究方法，結(jié)合各國(guó)的法律規(guī)定和司法實(shí)踐展開(kāi)論述，對(duì)無(wú)單放貨現(xiàn)象及相關(guān)法律問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了較詳細(xì)的闡述，謹(jǐn)希望通過(guò)此文，使我們對(duì)無(wú)單放貨有一定的了解并引起足夠的重視。
[Abstract]:According to China's Maritime Law and international shipping practice, the carrier or his agent must release the goods on the original bill of lading in order to guarantee the legitimate rights and interests of the holder of the bill of lading. However, in practice, due to the contradiction between the rapid turnover of ships and the relative lag in the circulation of bills of lading, the carrier is often forced to deliver goods on the basis of copies of bills of lading and guarantees, and the delivery of goods without bills of lading has become a persistent "disease" in the international shipping industry. In this case, the carrier will most likely be liable for breach of contract or tort against the holder of the bill of lading. This paper begins with the analysis of the causes of the delivery of goods without bill of lading, probes into the relationship between the parties involved in the dispute of delivery of goods without bill of lading, and then discusses the legal nature of the right of bill of lading, and draws the conclusion that the bill of lading has both real right and creditor's rights. However, the functions of bill of lading in different links are different from each other. The following three theories of carrier's legal liability for delivery without bill of lading are described: tort theory, breach of contract theory and concurrent liability theory, and holds that under the current legal framework of maritime commerce in our country, The legal liability of the carrier for delivery of goods without documents should be considered as breach of contract. Finally, the identification of bearer bills of lading and the different provisions of various countries on whether the carrier should deliver goods on paper under the bill of lading are discussed. The viewpoint that the carrier or his agent must release the goods with documents under the Maritime Law of China is affirmed. The above is the main content of this paper, the author refers to the relevant legislation and jurisprudence of China and the United States and the United States and other countries, using the research method of comparative law, combined with the legal provisions of various countries and judicial practice to begin to discuss. The phenomenon of undocumented delivery and related legal problems are expounded in detail. Through this article, we hope that we will have a certain understanding of the delivery of goods without bill and draw enough attention to it.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.294

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本文編號(hào)：1784822