本文選題：普遍管轄權(quán) + 管轄權(quán)沖突��； 參考：《南昌大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：普遍管轄權(quán)是伴隨著國際犯罪的日益猖獗而產(chǎn)生并發(fā)展起來的一種新型的管轄權(quán),有著天然的優(yōu)勢。 普遍管轄權(quán)在打擊和懲治國際犯罪的實踐中發(fā)揮了不可替代的作用,但是,國際社會對普遍管轄權(quán)的研究并不深入,對于普遍管轄權(quán)也未達成統(tǒng)一的認識。有的國家認為普遍管轄權(quán)是打擊和懲治國際犯罪的有力武器,其有效地填補了傳統(tǒng)管轄的不足；有的國家對普遍管轄權(quán)采取排斥態(tài)度。此外,作為一種新型的管轄權(quán),普遍管轄權(quán)的理論依據(jù)、制度構(gòu)架、適用范圍等并不完善,而且與現(xiàn)行的傳統(tǒng)管轄權(quán)、刑事豁免權(quán)等制度存在著沖突。這一切都直接導致普遍管轄權(quán)在實際適用中困難重重。 本文首先通過詳細的介紹普遍管轄權(quán)的含義、基本特征、歷史沿革、興起原因,以理清普遍管轄權(quán)的內(nèi)涵與外延,消除有關(guān)國家對普遍管轄權(quán)的誤解。其次通過列舉普遍管轄權(quán)的國際、國內(nèi)立法現(xiàn)狀和司法實踐,以總結(jié)普遍管轄權(quán)運用中的成功經(jīng)驗和失敗教訓。最后通過分析普遍管轄權(quán)實際適用中存在的各種障礙及其產(chǎn)生的原因,如管轄權(quán)沖突、刑事豁免權(quán)沖突、證據(jù)收集、證人出庭作證困難、政治因素影響等,然后對癥下藥,提出可行性建議,有效的解決普遍管轄權(quán)適用中的障礙,使普遍管轄權(quán)在打擊和懲治國際犯罪上發(fā)揮更好的效果。
[Abstract]:Universal jurisdiction is a new type of jurisdiction which is born and developed along with the rampant international crimes. It has natural advantages.Universal jurisdiction has played an irreplaceable role in the practice of combating and punishing international crimes. However, the study of universal jurisdiction in the international community is not thorough, and there is no unified understanding of universal jurisdiction.Some States considered universal jurisdiction to be a powerful weapon in the fight against and punishment of international crimes, which effectively filled the shortcomings of traditional jurisdiction, while others adopted an exclusive attitude towards universal jurisdiction.In addition, as a new type of jurisdiction, the theoretical basis of universal jurisdiction, the framework of the system, the scope of application are not perfect, and there is a conflict with the current traditional jurisdiction, criminal immunity and other systems.All this has directly led to difficulties in the practical application of universal jurisdiction.This paper first introduces the meaning, basic characteristics, historical evolution and rise reasons of universal jurisdiction in order to clarify the connotation and extension of universal jurisdiction and eliminate the misunderstanding about universal jurisdiction.Secondly, by enumerating the international and domestic legislation status and judicial practice of universal jurisdiction, the successful experience and failure lessons in the application of universal jurisdiction are summarized.Finally, by analyzing all kinds of obstacles existing in the practical application of universal jurisdiction and their causes, such as conflict of jurisdiction, conflict of criminal immunity, collection of evidence, difficulty of witnesses appearing in court, influence of political factors, etc.Put forward feasibility suggestions, effectively solve the obstacles in the application of universal jurisdiction, so that universal jurisdiction in the fight against and punishment of international crimes to play a better effect.
【學位授予單位】：南昌大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D997.9

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