本文選題：《SPS協(xié)定》 + 臨時(shí)措施��； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化進(jìn)程的推進(jìn)以及世界范圍內(nèi)食品安全問(wèn)題的迭起,國(guó)際貿(mào)易中技術(shù)性貿(mào)易措施重新受到人們重視,尤其是《實(shí)施衛(wèi)生與植物衛(wèi)生措施協(xié)定》,該協(xié)定在規(guī)范貿(mào)易措施方面確有一定作用,但是近年來(lái),轉(zhuǎn)基因及核泄漏等新技術(shù)與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)不斷出現(xiàn),由于科學(xué)水平有限,此類新技術(shù)與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的相關(guān)科學(xué)證據(jù)相對(duì)匱乏,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估難度較大,因而使得越來(lái)越多成員運(yùn)用協(xié)定第5.7條規(guī)定的臨時(shí)措施保護(hù)境內(nèi)人類與動(dòng)物健康。一方面,臨時(shí)措施由于其適用的前提相對(duì)于常態(tài)下的SPS措施更為簡(jiǎn)便,即由于科學(xué)證據(jù)不充分,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估的要求較為簡(jiǎn)單,所以適用上更為靈活,對(duì)于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能夠更為迅速的防范;但是另一方面,也正是由于臨時(shí)措施的實(shí)施過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)便,難免有部分成員利用臨時(shí)措施制造貿(mào)易壁壘,對(duì)全球貿(mào)易自由化造成危害�？梢哉f(shuō)臨時(shí)措施制度作為一種更為特別的貿(mào)易技術(shù)措施,具備保護(hù)人類健康免遭風(fēng)險(xiǎn)功能的同時(shí)也帶有阻礙貿(mào)易自由化的副作用。并且由于臨時(shí)措施相關(guān)規(guī)則的模糊性等諸多因素,成員必須從多渠道分析研究臨時(shí)措施。中國(guó)作為貿(mào)易大國(guó),且由于入世較晚以及科學(xué)技術(shù)水平有限,更有必要認(rèn)真研究制度,合理運(yùn)用臨時(shí)措施來(lái)保護(hù)國(guó)民生命健康以及促進(jìn)國(guó)際貿(mào)易發(fā)展。本文主要是對(duì)臨時(shí)措施制度的適用條件以及相關(guān)規(guī)則與協(xié)定核心原則之間關(guān)系進(jìn)行分析。通過(guò)梳理歷年來(lái)WTO中有關(guān)臨時(shí)措施的案例,動(dòng)態(tài)研究臨時(shí)措施的適用情況以及核心問(wèn)題。并且試圖通過(guò)對(duì)協(xié)定與我國(guó)制度的對(duì)接研究,提出我國(guó)今后應(yīng)對(duì)臨時(shí)措施制度的相關(guān)建議。
[Abstract]:With the development of economic globalization and world food safety problems occur repeatedly, technical barriers to trade in international trade to attention, especially the "Application of sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures Agreement", the agreement in the standardization of trade measures has some effect, but in recent years, transgenic and other new technologies and nuclear leak the risk appears unceasingly, because scientific level is limited, the relevant scientific evidence of such new technology and risk is relatively scarce, risk assessment is difficult, thus making more and more members by article 5.7 of the agreement within the provisional measures to protect human and animal health. On the one hand, due to its application on the premise of interim measures relative to the normal SPS measures simple, that is due to insufficient scientific evidence, risk assessment requirements are relatively simple, so the application is more flexible, the risk can be more quickly The guard; but on the other hand, it is due to the implementation of provisional measures are too simple, it is inevitable that some members use temporary measures to create trade barriers, the harm to the global trade liberalization. It can be said that the system of interim measures as a more technical trade measures in particular, with the protection of human health from risk functions at the same time with side effects hinder trade liberalization. And because of the provisional measures related rules of many factors fuzzy, members must be studied from multiple sources. Chinese interim measures as a trade power, and because the WTO lately and the level of science and technology limited, is more necessary to study the system of rational use of temporary measures to protect the national life and health to promote the development of international trade. This paper is mainly between the applicable conditions of the system of Interim Measures and relevant rules and principles of relations into the core agreement Row analysis. By combing the cases of Interim Measures in WTO over the years, we dynamically studied the application and core issues of interim measures, and tried to put forward some suggestions for China to deal with the temporary measures in the future by studying the docking between the agreement and our system.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D997.1

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