本文選題：托收 + 托收統(tǒng)一規(guī)則�。� 參考：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：托收是國際貿(mào)易中普遍采用的支付方式之一。托收具有以商業(yè)信用為基礎(chǔ)、進(jìn)出口雙方資金負(fù)擔(dān)不平衡、結(jié)算簡單快捷且費(fèi)用低的特點(diǎn)。依據(jù)是否附有商業(yè)單據(jù),托收可以分為光票托收和跟單托收。跟單托收根據(jù)交單條件不同,又可劃分為付款交單和承兌交單。付款交單又可進(jìn)一步分為即期付款交單和遠(yuǎn)期付款交單。其中遠(yuǎn)期付款交單風(fēng)險較大且具有較多不確定性。 目前調(diào)整國際托收的國際貿(mào)易慣例為URC522。在適用URC522時,需要適用相應(yīng)國內(nèi)法進(jìn)行解釋。因此,在托收糾紛案件中,可能出現(xiàn)管轄權(quán)沖突以及適用法律沖突的情形。URC522中規(guī)定了廣泛的銀行免責(zé)的情形,然而適用這些情形的前提是銀行的托收行為符合“善意和合理謹(jǐn)慎”。但善意和合理謹(jǐn)慎這一原則在理解和適用上也可能出現(xiàn)不一致情形。 托收關(guān)系涉及到四方當(dāng)事人,即委托人、托收行、代收行及付款人。其中委托人與付款人之間構(gòu)成國際貨物買賣合同項下的買賣關(guān)系,委托人與托收行之間構(gòu)成代理關(guān)系,托收行與代收行之間亦為代理關(guān)系,然而對于委托人與代收行之間的關(guān)系,URC522及國際商會相關(guān)評論未明確作出指示。我國法學(xué)理論界對于委托人與代收行之間的關(guān)系主要存在無直接合同關(guān)系說、間接代理說、復(fù)代理說、共同代理說及侵權(quán)行為說。其中復(fù)代理說以復(fù)代理關(guān)系解釋托收關(guān)系更符合托收的本質(zhì)特征,也受到我國司法實踐的支持。 本文包含四章節(jié)內(nèi)容： 第一章簡述托收的定義與特點(diǎn)、托收的分類、托收當(dāng)事人及托收的程序。 第二章分析了《托收統(tǒng)一規(guī)則》的演變過程,URC522的主要內(nèi)容及其適用,在解決托收糾紛時可能產(chǎn)生的管轄權(quán)沖突和適用法律沖突,銀行在URC522項下享有的廣泛免責(zé)和應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守的善意和合理謹(jǐn)慎原則。 第三章分析了托收中委托人、托收行、代收行及付款人之間的法律關(guān)系,指出委托人與代收行之間的法律關(guān)系的認(rèn)定是托收中引起爭議的問題。同時鑒于托收中諸多不確定因素,也提出委托人需要采取必要有效的風(fēng)險防范措施。 第四章分析我國法學(xué)理論界對于委托人與代收行之間關(guān)系的主要理論觀點(diǎn),包含無直接合同關(guān)系說、間接代理說、復(fù)代理說、共同代理說及侵權(quán)行為說等。同時也分析了我國司法實踐中對于這一關(guān)系的定位和判決。
[Abstract]:Collection is one of the most popular methods of payment in international trade.Collection is based on commercial credit, uneven financial burden of both import and export, simple and quick settlement and low cost.Depending on whether commercial documents are attached, collection can be divided into bareticket collection and documentary collection.Documentary collection can be divided into D / P and D / A according to the terms of D / A.D / P can be further divided into D / P at sight and D / P on time.Among them forward payment D / D risk is higher and has more uncertainty.The current international trade practice for international collection is URC522.In the application of URC522, the corresponding domestic law should be applied for interpretation.Thus, in a collection dispute case, there may be a conflict of jurisdiction as well as a conflict of applicable law. URC522 provides for a wide range of bank exemptions,However, the application of these conditions is provided that the bank's collection acts in accordance with "good faith and reasonable caution."But the principles of good faith and reasonable care may also be inconsistent in understanding and application.The collection relationship involves four parties, that is, the principal, the collecting bank, the collecting bank and the payer.Among them, the relationship between the principal and the drawee constitutes the trading relationship under the international contract for the sale of goods, the relationship between the principal and the collecting bank constitutes an agency relationship, and the relationship between the collecting bank and the collecting bank is also an agency relationship,However, there is no clear indication as to the relationship between the client and the collecting bank, URC522 and the comments of the International Chamber of Commerce.There are no direct contract relation, indirect agency theory, compound agent theory, common agent theory and tort theory in the legal theory circle of our country.The theory of complex agency is more consistent with the essential characteristics of collection and is supported by judicial practice in our country.This article contains four chapters:The first chapter briefly describes the definition and characteristics of collection, the classification of collection, collection parties and collection procedures.The second chapter analyzes the main content and application of URC522, the conflicts of jurisdiction and applicable law that may arise in the settlement of collection disputes.The Bank enjoys broad exemptions under URC522 and the principles of good faith and reasonable care to be observed.The third chapter analyzes the legal relationship between the client, the collecting bank, the collecting bank and the payer, and points out that the confirmation of the legal relationship between the client and the collecting bank is a controversial issue in the collection.At the same time, in view of many uncertain factors in collection, the principal needs to take necessary and effective risk prevention measures.The fourth chapter analyzes the main theoretical views of the relationship between the principal and the collecting bank in the field of legal theory of our country, including the theory of no direct contract relationship, the theory of indirect agency, the theory of complex agency, the theory of joint agency and the theory of tort.At the same time, it also analyzes the orientation and judgment of this relationship in the judicial practice of our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D996.1

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本文編號：1743387