本文選題：油污損害　切入點(diǎn)：油污基金　出處：《西南政法大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：自2007年我國(guó)石油進(jìn)口總量突破2億噸以后，每年都成快速上升的趨勢(shì)不斷增長(zhǎng)。2011年我國(guó)石油消耗量排全世界第二。石油進(jìn)口量的增加，使得海運(yùn)業(yè)也隨之迅速發(fā)展，油污事故頻發(fā)，，給我們?cè)斐闪酥卮蟮慕?jīng)濟(jì)損失和環(huán)境損害。但是在各國(guó)紛紛加入國(guó)際油污基金公約及建立本國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)油污基金制度的大形勢(shì)下，我國(guó)卻既未加入國(guó)際基金公約也未建立專屬于我國(guó)的船舶油污損害賠償基金制度。缺乏船舶油污損害賠償基金制度的支持，僅僅依據(jù)我國(guó)目前加入的《民事責(zé)任公約》，是不足以彌補(bǔ)事故受害者的損失的。本文通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)際基金公約和美國(guó)、英國(guó)等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的國(guó)內(nèi)油污基金制度的分析和研究，對(duì)建立我國(guó)油污損害賠償基金制度的適用條件及油污損害賠償基金制度的具體完善進(jìn)行了全面性的分析和論述。 除引言和結(jié)語(yǔ)之外，正文共分為四個(gè)部分，由淺入深，由國(guó)際法到國(guó)內(nèi)法，詳盡地介紹了國(guó)際基金公約和美國(guó)等其他國(guó)家有關(guān)油污基金制度的規(guī)定，為構(gòu)建我國(guó)船舶油污損害賠償基金制度提供了必要的參考，并最終提出了完善的建議。 第一部分“船舶油污損害賠償基金制度概述”。文章首先明確船舶油污損害賠償基金制度相關(guān)概念，其中包括船舶、油污損害和油污損害賠償基金三個(gè)概念的界定。在此基礎(chǔ)上探討了建立船舶油污損害賠償基金制度的必要性，即減少油污損害保護(hù)海洋環(huán)境、彌補(bǔ)船東賠償?shù)牟蛔阋约绊槕?yīng)損害賠償?shù)纳鐣?huì)化趨勢(shì)三個(gè)方面。 第二部分“船舶油污損害賠償基金制度的國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)法律規(guī)定”。首先介紹了國(guó)際基金公約有關(guān)船舶油污損害賠償基金制度的規(guī)定。接著則是對(duì)美國(guó)、英國(guó)等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家有關(guān)船舶油污損害賠償基金制度規(guī)定的闡述，以期能找到可供我國(guó)在構(gòu)建船舶油污損害賠償基金制度時(shí)借鑒的內(nèi)容。最后總結(jié)了我國(guó)有關(guān)船舶油污損害賠償基金制度的規(guī)定，通過(guò)比較以凸顯建立我國(guó)船舶油污損害賠償基金制度的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義和價(jià)值。 第三部分“船舶油污損害賠償基金模式及適用條件”。在該部分作者首先闡明了三種油污損害賠償基金模式，包括基金公約賠償模式、國(guó)內(nèi)基金賠償模式和雙基金賠償模式。緊接著對(duì)這三種基金模式的適用條件進(jìn)行了分析和探討。并結(jié)合我國(guó)的實(shí)際情況得出我國(guó)目前并不適宜采用基金公約賠償模式，加入油污基金公約的結(jié)論，而是更適合于采用國(guó)內(nèi)基金賠償模式，建立本國(guó)的船舶油污基金。 第四部分“完善我國(guó)船舶油污損害賠償基金制度的設(shè)想”。該部分是本文的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容，同時(shí)也是難點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。首先是對(duì)我國(guó)油污損害賠償基金模式的選擇及其適用條件的分析。通過(guò)本文第三部分對(duì)油污損害賠償基金模式適用條件的分析認(rèn)為我國(guó)應(yīng)采用國(guó)內(nèi)油污基金的賠償模式。所以在這個(gè)部分就對(duì)我國(guó)采用國(guó)內(nèi)油污賠償基金模式的具體適用條件進(jìn)行了闡述。在此基礎(chǔ)上提出完善我國(guó)船舶油污基金制度的具體意見。包括油污基金的資金來(lái)源、賠償范圍、賠償限制以及基金的監(jiān)督管理幾個(gè)方面的完善。
[Abstract]:This paper analyzes and studies the domestic oil pollution fund system in developed countries , such as the international fund convention and the United States and the United Kingdom , and makes a comprehensive analysis and discussion on the establishment of the application conditions of the fund system for oil pollution compensation in China and the concrete improvement of the system of oil pollution damage compensation .

In addition to the preface and the conclusion , the text is divided into four parts , from shallow to deep , from international law to domestic law , the provisions of the international fund convention and other relevant State - related oil pollution fund systems of the United States and so on are introduced in detail , which provides the necessary reference for the construction of the system of compensation fund for oil pollution damage of our country , and finally puts forward the perfect proposal .

In the first part , the concept of damage compensation fund system of ship oil pollution is defined firstly , including the definition of three concepts of ship , oil pollution damage and oil pollution damage compensation fund . On the basis of this , the necessity of establishing the system of compensation fund for ship oil pollution is discussed .

In the second part , the regulation of the system of damage compensation fund for ship oil pollution damage compensation fund system is introduced firstly . The article introduces the regulation of oil pollution damage compensation fund system in the developed countries , such as the United States and the United Kingdom , in order to find the content which can be used for reference during the construction of the system of compensation fund for ship oil pollution damage . Finally , the article summarizes the relevant regulations of the system of compensation fund for oil pollution damage compensation in China , and compares it to highlight the practical significance and value of establishing the system of damage compensation fund for ship oil pollution in China .

In the third part , the model and conditions of compensation fund for oil pollution damage compensation fund are described in the third part . In this part , three types of oil pollution damage compensation fund model , including compensation model of fund convention , compensation model of domestic fund and double fund compensation model , are first set forth in this part .

The fourth part is " the idea of perfecting the system of compensation fund for oil pollution compensation in our country " . This part is the focus of this paper , and it is also the difficult content . First , it is the choice of the mode of compensation fund for oil pollution damage compensation in China and its application conditions . In this part , the specific application conditions of China ' s oil pollution compensation fund model are expounded .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D996.19

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