本文選題：氣候難民　切入點(diǎn)：環(huán)境難民　出處：《海南大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：氣候難民是一種主要由氣候異常變化所導(dǎo)致、客觀上被迫進(jìn)行遷移并必須跨越國界求生存的新型難民,隨著全球氣候變暖問題的逐漸加劇,許多島國上的居民正面臨著無家可歸,最終淪為氣候難民的困境。由于氣候難民與環(huán)境難民、氣候移民等新型難民在特征上既存在重合但又有區(qū)別,所以國際社會(huì)至今尚沒有對(duì)氣候難民的定義和保護(hù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)一立法。目前,氣候難民在國際保護(hù)上主要存在概念不清、責(zé)任不明、本質(zhì)割裂等幾大困境,但通過深刻的分析論證,氣候難民的國際法保護(hù)是有著堅(jiān)實(shí)的法律基礎(chǔ)和實(shí)踐基礎(chǔ),單獨(dú)立法將無疑成為對(duì)其保護(hù)的必由之路。 本文以國際法學(xué)理論為基礎(chǔ),綜合運(yùn)用了比較分析、價(jià)值分析、實(shí)證分析、歷史分析等方法,從以下四個(gè)部分展開論述： 第一部分,首先對(duì)氣候難民的法律定義及其特征進(jìn)行了界定,然后對(duì)環(huán)境難民、氣候移民、氣候?yàn)?zāi)民等其他相近概念進(jìn)行了比較分析； 第二部分,首先從概念上的爭議、實(shí)踐上的爭議、責(zé)任認(rèn)定上的爭議三個(gè)方面總結(jié)了目前氣候難民國際立法保護(hù)爭議的焦點(diǎn),然后針對(duì)前述爭議進(jìn)行了分析； 第三部分,從《聯(lián)合國憲章》、國際人權(quán)法、國際環(huán)境法、國家責(zé)任法和其他區(qū)域性立法或宣言之中提出了目前氣候難民的國際保護(hù)現(xiàn)狀,并對(duì)氣候難民進(jìn)行國際立法保護(hù)的特殊意義進(jìn)行了分析列舉； 第四部分,首先提出了氣候難民在進(jìn)行國際立法保護(hù)時(shí)所應(yīng)該遵循的基本精神,然后在此基礎(chǔ)之上,就立法中氣候難民的定義、保護(hù)原則、難民的權(quán)利義務(wù)、難民母國的義務(wù)、難民的接收與安置、程序機(jī)制和其他相關(guān)問題等七個(gè)方面提出了氣候難民國際立法保護(hù)的對(duì)策。
[Abstract]:Climate refugees are a new type of refugees, mainly caused by abnormal climate changes, who are objectively forced to migrate and have to survive across borders, as the problem of global warming intensifies. Many islanders are facing homelessness and eventually become climate refugees. New types of refugees such as climate refugees and environmental refugees, climate migrants, both overlap and differ in their characteristics. So far, the international community has not yet unified legislation on the definition and protection of climate refugees. At present, there are several major difficulties in the international protection of climate refugees, such as unclear concepts, unclear responsibilities, separation of nature, etc., but through profound analysis and argumentation, The international law protection of climate refugees has a solid legal basis and a practical basis, and legislation alone will undoubtedly become the only way to protect climate refugees. Based on the theory of international law, this paper comprehensively applies the methods of comparative analysis, value analysis, empirical analysis and historical analysis to discuss the following four parts:. The first part first defines the legal definition and characteristics of climate refugees, and then makes a comparative analysis of other similar concepts such as environmental refugees, climate migrants, climate victims and so on. The second part summarizes the focus of the current international legislation on climate refugees protection from three aspects: conceptual controversy, practical dispute, liability dispute, and then analyzes the aforementioned controversy. Part III, from the Charter of the United Nations, international human rights law, international environmental law, law of State responsibility and other regional legislation or declarations, to present the current state of international protection of climate refugees, The special significance of international legislative protection of climate refugees is analyzed and enumerated. In the fourth part, the author first puts forward the basic spirit that climate refugees should follow when carrying out the international legislative protection, and then on this basis, on the basis of the definition, protection principle, rights and obligations of refugees in the legislation, Seven aspects, such as the obligations of the refugee home country, the acceptance and resettlement of refugees, the procedural mechanism and other related issues, are proposed to protect the climate refugees in international legislation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：海南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D998.2

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本文編號(hào)：1688606