本文選題：WTO　切入點：多哈回合　出處：《西南政法大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：多哈回合自啟動以來，歷經(jīng)十幾年，談判進程依然舉步維艱。2013年12月3日至12月7日，在印尼巴厘島舉行WTO第九屆部長級會議，會議通過“巴厘島一攬子協(xié)議”的階段性成果，但多哈回合仍未結(jié)束。談判小組主席對多哈回合談判進程造成了一定的影響，這是本文研究WTO非常設(shè)機構(gòu)主席，尤其是負責(zé)具體議題的談判小組主席法律地位問題的出發(fā)點。 本文第一部分是文獻綜述，分析了國內(nèi)外的學(xué)術(shù)研究情況。國內(nèi)學(xué)者對WTO多哈回合談判小組主席的研究比較少，主要關(guān)注多哈回合談判的進展情況，通過分析多哈回合的現(xiàn)狀，指出談判中存在的問題，闡釋談判屢陷僵局的原因，，并為多哈回合談判提出意見和建議。國外學(xué)者對WTO多哈回合談判小組主席的論述相對較多，既有從理論上對談判小組主席權(quán)力來源與行使展開研究，也有從實證角度對談判小組主席的職能發(fā)揮進行分析。國內(nèi)外學(xué)者的研究對于我們深入了解WTO多哈回合談判小組主席有重要的借鑒意義。 第二部分論述了WTO多哈回合談判小組主席的理論基礎(chǔ)。該部分從理論上回應(yīng)了多邊談判的三個關(guān)鍵問題：談判小組主席的職責(zé)來源、權(quán)力優(yōu)勢以及對談判的影響等。由于多邊談判議題與成員的復(fù)雜性和多元性，成員自主談判會遭遇議程失敗、談判失敗與代表失敗等困境，因此需要授權(quán)談判小組主席管理議程，作為協(xié)調(diào)員和代表對談判進行有效管理。通過成員方的授權(quán)，談判小組主席享有信息與程序方面的特權(quán)，談判小組主席可以利用這些權(quán)力優(yōu)勢來影響談判結(jié)果，或者促進各方達成共識，或者導(dǎo)致不平衡的談判結(jié)果，阻礙共識的達成。 第三部分介紹了WTO多哈回合談判小組主席的概況。在談判小組主席的理論基礎(chǔ)上，分析多哈回合談判的概況，厘清談判小組主席的概念，追溯談判小組主席自多哈回合啟動以來的歷史演變過程,為進一步分析談判小組主席的法律地位奠定基礎(chǔ)。第四部分介紹了《多哈部長宣言》、《總理事會主席聲明》和《任命WTO各機構(gòu)官員指南》等相關(guān)規(guī)定，分析WTO現(xiàn)有規(guī)則對談判小組主席的法律定位。 第五部分評估了談判小組主席在實踐中的功能發(fā)揮與績效。NAMA談判小組主席在主持談判的過程中，未能認真聽取各方意見，偏袒發(fā)達成員，提出不均衡的主席案文，遭到發(fā)展中成員的反對，發(fā)達成員與發(fā)展中成員的利益沖突導(dǎo)致談判失敗。與此相反，農(nóng)業(yè)談判小組主席采取了更具包容性的談判模式，認真聽取各方意見，提出綜合反映各方立場的主席案文，促進成員方達成共識。談判小組主席采取不同的戰(zhàn)術(shù)，產(chǎn)生了不同的結(jié)果，對談判造成不同的影響。 第六部分指出談判小組主席遭遇的法律困境，包括法律規(guī)定不完善、法律職責(zé)不清晰和法律約束不充分等。最后一部分針對上述法律困境，提出相應(yīng)的對策,以期為未來多邊貿(mào)易回合談判實踐提供非正式的建議。
[Abstract]:Since the Doha Round was launched, after more than ten years, the negotiation process is still struggling. From December 3 to December 7, 2013, the WTO Ninth Ministerial Conference, held in Bali, Indonesia, adopted the phased outcome of the Bali package Agreement. However, the Doha Round is still not over. The Chairman of the negotiating Group has a certain impact on the negotiation process of the Doha Round, which is the starting point of this paper to study the legal status of the chairmen of the WTO non-permanent bodies, especially the chairs of the negotiating groups in charge of specific issues. The first part of this paper is a literature review, which analyzes the academic research situation at home and abroad. Domestic scholars have done little research on the chairman of the WTO Doha Round negotiation Group, focusing on the progress of the Doha Round negotiation. By analyzing the present situation of the Doha Round, pointing out the problems existing in the negotiations, explaining the reasons for the repeated deadlock of the negotiations, and putting forward opinions and suggestions for the Doha Round negotiations, the foreign scholars have made relatively more exposition on the chairman of the WTO Doha Round negotiation Group. Having theoretically studied the sources and exercise of the powers of the Chairman of the negotiating Group, There is also an empirical analysis of the role of the chair of the negotiating group. The research of scholars at home and abroad has important significance for us to understand the chairman of the WTO Doha Round negotiation group. The second part deals with the theoretical basis of the chairs of the WTO Doha Round negotiating Group, which theoretically responds to three key issues in multilateral negotiations: the source of the mandate of the Chair of the negotiating Group. Due to the complexity and diversity of multilateral negotiation issues and members, members will suffer from failure of agenda, failure of negotiation and failure of representatives, etc. It is therefore necessary to empower the Chairman of the negotiating Group to manage the agenda and to act as coordinator and representative in the effective management of the negotiations... through the mandate of the members, the Chair of the negotiating Group enjoys information and procedural privileges, The chairman of the negotiating group may use these power advantages to influence the outcome of the negotiation, or to promote consensus among the parties, or to lead to an unbalanced outcome of the negotiation, and to hinder the achievement of the consensus. The third part introduces the general situation of the Chairman of the WTO Doha Round negotiating Group. On the basis of the theory of the Chair of the negotiating Group, it analyzes the general situation of the Doha Round negotiation and clarifies the concept of the Chair of the negotiating Group. Tracing the historical evolution of the Chair of the negotiating Group since the launch of the Doha Round, Providing a basis for further analysis of the legal status of the Chairman of the negotiating Group. Part IV introduces relevant provisions such as the Doha Ministerial Declaration, the Presidential statement of the General Council and the Guide to the appointment of officials of WTO institutions, Analyze the legal position of the WTO's existing rules on the chairman of the negotiating group. Part V assesses the functioning of the Chair of the negotiating Group in practice and its performance. The Chair of the NAMA negotiating Group, in conducting the negotiations, failed to listen carefully to the views of the parties, favour the developed members and put forward an unbalanced presidential text, Against the opposition of developing members, conflicts of interest between developed and developing members have led to the failure of negotiations... on the contrary, the Chairman of the negotiating Group on Agriculture has adopted a more inclusive negotiating model, listening carefully to the views of all parties, A chairman's text reflecting the positions of all parties is proposed to facilitate the members to reach a consensus. The chairman of the negotiating group adopts different tactics and produces different results, which have different effects on the negotiations. The sixth part points out the legal difficulties encountered by the Chairman of the negotiating Group, including imperfect legal provisions, unclear legal responsibilities and inadequate legal constraints. In order to provide informal suggestions for the future multilateral trade round negotiation practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D996

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