本文選題：國際人道法　切入點：戰(zhàn)爭受難者　出處：《華東政法大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：國際人道法是適用于國際性與非國際性武裝沖突中,基于國際人道主義原則,專門規(guī)定給予戰(zhàn)爭受難者以必要保護(hù)的國際法規(guī)范。國際人道法的核心是保護(hù)戰(zhàn)爭受難者,包括但不限于武裝部隊的傷病員、戰(zhàn)俘和平民,還包括了對“遇船難者”的保護(hù)、對“醫(yī)務(wù)人員”和“宗教人員”的保護(hù)、對“新聞記者”的保護(hù),以及對婦女和兒童的保護(hù)。國際人道法認(rèn)為這些人員的生命與身心健全也應(yīng)受到尊重并應(yīng)當(dāng)享有法律保障。國際人道法通過大篇幅的保護(hù)個人的規(guī)定,將焦點集中在了保護(hù)戰(zhàn)爭受難者的角度,在共同條款和附加議定書中還特別制定了在戰(zhàn)爭期間也要對個人進(jìn)行保護(hù)的最低限度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。此角度無疑體現(xiàn)了國際人道法是超越了以往國際法上國家間關(guān)系層面而延伸到了真正或最終的人道保護(hù)受益人這一層面,即個人和由個人構(gòu)成的群體。 近年來,武裝沖突在世界上各個角落頻頻發(fā)生,給戰(zhàn)爭受難者帶來了無數(shù)的苦痛,而保護(hù)戰(zhàn)爭受難者的國際人道法在武裝沖突中卻沒有得到嚴(yán)格的遵守和適用。本文通過對國際人道法保護(hù)戰(zhàn)爭受難者的具體規(guī)定及新出現(xiàn)問題的闡述,試圖強調(diào)在武裝沖突中尊重并嚴(yán)格遵守國際人道法對戰(zhàn)爭受難者的保護(hù),并積極完善國際人道法以應(yīng)對新出現(xiàn)的各種問題。在過去的五十年中,國際人道法的適用可以說拯救了相當(dāng)一部分人的生命完整、健康和尊嚴(yán)。然而,面對目前嚴(yán)峻的不和平的局勢,我們?nèi)匀粦?yīng)當(dāng)呼吁作為身在武裝沖突的各方各國,應(yīng)當(dāng)嚴(yán)格在戰(zhàn)爭和沖突中尊重國際人道法,保護(hù)戰(zhàn)爭受難者并嚴(yán)格遵守國際人道法的各項義務(wù)!
[Abstract]:International humanitarian law is the norm of international law applicable in both international and non-international armed conflicts, which, on the basis of international humanitarian principles, specifically provides for the necessary protection of war victims. The core of international humanitarian law is the protection of war victims, Including, but not limited to, the sick and wounded in the armed forces, prisoners of war and civilians, including the protection of "shipwrecks", the protection of "medical personnel" and "religious personnel", and the protection of "journalists", And the protection of women and children. International humanitarian law considers that the lives and physical and mental integrity of such persons should also be respected and should enjoy legal safeguards... that international humanitarian law adopts provisions for the protection of individuals at large, Focusing on the protection of war victims, In the common articles and additional protocols, the minimum standards for the protection of individuals in times of war are specifically established. This perspective undoubtedly reflects that international humanitarian law goes beyond the previous level of inter-State relations in international law. Extending to the true or ultimate beneficiaries of humanitarian protection, That is, individuals and groups of individuals. In recent years, armed conflicts have occurred frequently in every corner of the world, bringing countless sufferings to the victims of war. However, the international humanitarian law for the protection of war victims has not been strictly observed and applied in armed conflicts. Attempting to emphasize respect for and strict observance of international humanitarian law in armed conflicts for the protection of war victims and to actively improve international humanitarian law in response to emerging issues... over the past 50 years, The application of international humanitarian law can be said to have saved the integrity, health and dignity of a considerable number of human lives. However, in the face of the current grave situation of insecurity, we should still appeal to States as parties to armed conflict, International humanitarian law should be strictly respected in wars and conflicts, the victims of war should be protected and the obligations of international humanitarian law should be strictly observed!
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D998.2

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本文編號：1642071