本文選題：國際習(xí)慣　切入點(diǎn)：國際習(xí)慣法　出處：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：國際習(xí)慣是國際法的重要淵源之一,但在國際法理論體系中,國際習(xí)慣法一直處于比較尷尬的地位,爭(zhēng)議非常之多。國際習(xí)慣由于在準(zhǔn)確性、直觀性、可把握性以及可預(yù)見性上的模糊表現(xiàn),導(dǎo)致其在當(dāng)代國際法理論體系中的地位不斷下降。但事實(shí)上,國際習(xí)慣作為法律依據(jù)在國際爭(zhēng)端解決中所起的作用實(shí)際上遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了人們的一般看法。從國際習(xí)慣的傳統(tǒng)概念著手,以現(xiàn)今國際社會(huì)的相關(guān)案例與學(xué)說為研究對(duì)象,通過法哲學(xué)、國際社會(huì)本位觀和實(shí)證分析等角度對(duì)國際習(xí)慣法理論和實(shí)踐進(jìn)行多維考察,以期對(duì)國際習(xí)慣法理論體系的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)有一個(gè)比較全面、客觀的把握。 第一章主要介紹與探討傳統(tǒng)國際習(xí)慣(法)的基本概念與傳統(tǒng)國際習(xí)慣法理論的基本框架,包括：第一,傳統(tǒng)的國際習(xí)慣法概念,目的是給出關(guān)于國際習(xí)慣法的一般描述,并對(duì)國際習(xí)慣法與國際習(xí)慣兩個(gè)概念進(jìn)行必要的界分；第二,國際習(xí)慣在國際社會(huì)和國內(nèi)社會(huì)的運(yùn)用傳統(tǒng)方式,旨在于指出當(dāng)代國際法理論對(duì)國際習(xí)慣法的忽視以及實(shí)踐中國際習(xí)慣法的重要性。 第二章在第一章的基礎(chǔ)上分析了傳統(tǒng)國際習(xí)慣法在當(dāng)今國際社會(huì)中面臨的困境與難題。該章從理論和實(shí)踐兩方面入手,分析傳統(tǒng)國際習(xí)慣法遭遇困境的原因,指出傳統(tǒng)國際習(xí)慣法本身的理論局限。 第三章對(duì)國際習(xí)慣法規(guī)范構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)有理論做了一個(gè)總體評(píng)述,將之納入對(duì)“雙淵源模式論”和“單淵源模式論”兩大類,并進(jìn)行了比較詳細(xì)的論述和評(píng)論。同時(shí)分別評(píng)析了這兩種淵源模式下的典型案例,以期從理論和實(shí)踐兩方面對(duì)新近的國際習(xí)慣法發(fā)展有一個(gè)深入了解。 第四章基于第三章所展示的理論與實(shí)踐,概括歸納了當(dāng)代國際習(xí)慣法在定義、效力、定位、功能、構(gòu)成機(jī)制與適用方式上的變化,并在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行了合理演繹以得出一個(gè)合理的未來預(yù)期。 結(jié)語部分對(duì)國際習(xí)慣法的未來做出了合理并簡(jiǎn)單的展望。誠然,要最終準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)國際習(xí)慣法的未來是非常困難的,但只要給予國際習(xí)慣法理論和實(shí)踐以足夠的重視,國際習(xí)慣法必將能夠充分發(fā)揮它作為正義之國際法規(guī)范應(yīng)有的作用。
[Abstract]:International custom is one of the important sources of international law, but in the theoretical system of international law, customary international law is always in an awkward position and there are many disputes. The vague expression of controllability and predictability has led to its declining status in the contemporary system of international law. But in fact, The role of international custom as a legal basis in international dispute settlement has actually gone far beyond the general view. Starting from the traditional concept of international custom, this paper takes the relevant cases and doctrines of the international community as the object of study. This paper makes a multidimensional investigation on the theory and practice of international customary law from the perspectives of legal philosophy, international social standard and empirical analysis, in order to have a more comprehensive and objective understanding of the development trend of international customary law theory system. The first chapter mainly introduces and discusses the basic concepts of the traditional customary international law and the basic framework of the traditional theory of customary international law, including: first, the traditional concept of customary international law, the purpose of which is to give a general description of customary international law. And the two concepts of international customary law and international custom are divided into two necessary boundaries. Secondly, the application of international customary law in the international community and domestic society in traditional ways, The purpose is to point out the neglect of international customary law in contemporary international law theory and the importance of international customary law in practice. The second chapter analyzes the difficulties and difficulties of the traditional international customary law in the international society on the basis of the first chapter. This chapter analyzes the reasons for the difficulties encountered by the traditional international customary law in both theory and practice. Points out the theoretical limitation of the traditional international customary law itself. The third chapter makes a general comment on the existing theories of the norms of international customary law, and brings them into the two categories of "two-source mode theory" and "single-source mode theory". At the same time, this paper analyzes the typical cases under these two kinds of origin models in order to have a deep understanding of the recent development of international customary law in both theory and practice. Based on the theory and practice shown in Chapter 3, Chapter 4th summarizes the changes in the definition, validity, orientation, function, constitution mechanism and application of contemporary customary international law. On this basis, reasonable deduction is made to obtain a reasonable expectation for the future. The conclusion part makes a reasonable and simple outlook on the future of international customary law. Admittedly, it is very difficult to predict the future of international customary law in the end, but as long as the theory and practice of international customary law are given sufficient attention, International customary law will be able to give full play to its role as a just norm of international law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D99

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本文編號(hào)：1636827