本文選題：國際習慣　切入點：國際習慣法　出處：《湖南師范大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：國際習慣是國際法的重要淵源之一,但在國際法理論體系中,國際習慣法一直處于比較尷尬的地位,爭議非常之多。國際習慣由于在準確性、直觀性、可把握性以及可預見性上的模糊表現(xiàn),導致其在當代國際法理論體系中的地位不斷下降。但事實上,國際習慣作為法律依據(jù)在國際爭端解決中所起的作用實際上遠遠超出了人們的一般看法。從國際習慣的傳統(tǒng)概念著手,以現(xiàn)今國際社會的相關案例與學說為研究對象,通過法哲學、國際社會本位觀和實證分析等角度對國際習慣法理論和實踐進行多維考察,以期對國際習慣法理論體系的發(fā)展趨勢有一個比較全面、客觀的把握。 第一章主要介紹與探討傳統(tǒng)國際習慣(法)的基本概念與傳統(tǒng)國際習慣法理論的基本框架,包括：第一,傳統(tǒng)的國際習慣法概念,目的是給出關于國際習慣法的一般描述,并對國際習慣法與國際習慣兩個概念進行必要的界分；第二,國際習慣在國際社會和國內社會的運用傳統(tǒng)方式,旨在于指出當代國際法理論對國際習慣法的忽視以及實踐中國際習慣法的重要性。 第二章在第一章的基礎上分析了傳統(tǒng)國際習慣法在當今國際社會中面臨的困境與難題。該章從理論和實踐兩方面入手,分析傳統(tǒng)國際習慣法遭遇困境的原因,指出傳統(tǒng)國際習慣法本身的理論局限。 第三章對國際習慣法規(guī)范構成的現(xiàn)有理論做了一個總體評述,將之納入對“雙淵源模式論”和“單淵源模式論”兩大類,并進行了比較詳細的論述和評論。同時分別評析了這兩種淵源模式下的典型案例,以期從理論和實踐兩方面對新近的國際習慣法發(fā)展有一個深入了解。 第四章基于第三章所展示的理論與實踐,概括歸納了當代國際習慣法在定義、效力、定位、功能、構成機制與適用方式上的變化,并在此基礎上進行了合理演繹以得出一個合理的未來預期。 結語部分對國際習慣法的未來做出了合理并簡單的展望。誠然,要最終準確預測國際習慣法的未來是非常困難的,但只要給予國際習慣法理論和實踐以足夠的重視,國際習慣法必將能夠充分發(fā)揮它作為正義之國際法規(guī)范應有的作用。
[Abstract]:International custom is one of the important sources of international law, but in the theoretical system of international law, customary international law is always in an awkward position and there are many disputes. The vague expression of controllability and predictability has led to its declining status in the contemporary system of international law. But in fact, The role of international custom as a legal basis in international dispute settlement has actually gone far beyond the general view. Starting from the traditional concept of international custom, this paper takes the relevant cases and doctrines of the international community as the object of study. This paper makes a multidimensional investigation on the theory and practice of international customary law from the perspectives of legal philosophy, international social standard and empirical analysis, in order to have a more comprehensive and objective understanding of the development trend of international customary law theory system. The first chapter mainly introduces and discusses the basic concepts of the traditional customary international law and the basic framework of the traditional theory of customary international law, including: first, the traditional concept of customary international law, the purpose of which is to give a general description of customary international law. And the two concepts of international customary law and international custom are divided into two necessary boundaries. Secondly, the application of international customary law in the international community and domestic society in traditional ways, The purpose is to point out the neglect of international customary law in contemporary international law theory and the importance of international customary law in practice. The second chapter analyzes the difficulties and difficulties of the traditional international customary law in the international society on the basis of the first chapter. This chapter analyzes the reasons for the difficulties encountered by the traditional international customary law in both theory and practice. Points out the theoretical limitation of the traditional international customary law itself. The third chapter makes a general comment on the existing theories of the norms of international customary law, and brings them into the two categories of "two-source mode theory" and "single-source mode theory". At the same time, this paper analyzes the typical cases under these two kinds of origin models in order to have a deep understanding of the recent development of international customary law in both theory and practice. Based on the theory and practice shown in Chapter 3, Chapter 4th summarizes the changes in the definition, validity, orientation, function, constitution mechanism and application of contemporary customary international law. On this basis, reasonable deduction is made to obtain a reasonable expectation for the future. The conclusion part makes a reasonable and simple outlook on the future of international customary law. Admittedly, it is very difficult to predict the future of international customary law in the end, but as long as the theory and practice of international customary law are given sufficient attention, International customary law will be able to give full play to its role as a just norm of international law.
【學位授予單位】：湖南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D99

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本文編號：1636827