本文選題：人民幣匯率　切入點(diǎn)：國際貨幣基金組織協(xié)定　出處：《中國海洋大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：自2002年以來,人民幣匯率問題就成為中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系乃至國際經(jīng)濟(jì)、金融、法律界的熱點(diǎn)問題。隨著2007年全球金融危機(jī)的爆發(fā),以美國為首的西方國家更以此為借口,轉(zhuǎn)嫁本國貨幣和匯率風(fēng)險(xiǎn),對人民幣匯率問題的指責(zé)甚囂塵上,人民幣匯率問題遂逐漸成為國際金融和貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域的核心爭論問題。此次次貸危機(jī)的深化也進(jìn)一步暴露出國際貨幣金融體系的弊端,也將進(jìn)一步凸顯出人民幣匯率爭議問題的重要性。當(dāng)下,對人民幣匯率問題進(jìn)行制度性的梳理、法理性的探討、前瞻性的展望,從而在國際社會(huì)中對匯率問題掌握話語權(quán)和主動(dòng)權(quán),是我國必須面對且亟待解決的關(guān)鍵問題,也是促成本文寫作的初衷。 本文將首先對我國人民幣匯率制度在國際法框架下的合法性進(jìn)行探討,從有關(guān)國際法規(guī)則出發(fā),客觀評價(jià)我國人民幣匯率制度合法性。再結(jié)合國內(nèi)法律制度,對我國人民幣匯率制度的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行總結(jié)歸納,對全球經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)背景下我國人民幣匯率制度改革提出自己的建議。同時(shí),結(jié)合《廣場協(xié)議》下日元升值的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn),為我國人民幣匯率改革提供反思和啟示。 本文第一章探討了國際法框架下匯率制度的法律變遷。對國際法框架下匯率制度的法律變遷進(jìn)行總結(jié)和梳理,分別論述了國際金本位制下的匯率法律制度、金匯兌本位制下的匯率法律制度、布雷頓森林體系下的匯率法律制度、從布雷頓森林體系向牙買加體系過渡期間的匯率法律制度以及牙買加體系下的匯率法律制度。對國際法框架下匯率制度變遷進(jìn)行了法律評價(jià),并得出當(dāng)前國際貨幣體系的法律屬性就是“美元本位制”的結(jié)論。 本文第二章和第三章探討了國際法框架下我國人民幣匯率制度的合法性。以《國際貨幣基金組織協(xié)定》和2007年通過的《對成員國政策的雙邊監(jiān)督》新決定為法律依據(jù),分析了國際法框架下主權(quán)國家的匯率權(quán)利和義務(wù)。在國際貨幣基金組織協(xié)定框架下,分別從成員國權(quán)利和義務(wù)兩方面考察了我國人民幣匯率政策的合法性,從而駁斥了以美國為首的西方國家對我國操縱匯率的無端指責(zé)。 本文第四章對新中國成立以來我國人民幣匯率制度所經(jīng)歷的歷次改革歷程和法律變遷進(jìn)行了梳理和歸納,分別論述了官方定價(jià)的固定匯率制度階段、盯住籃子貨幣進(jìn)行浮動(dòng)階段、人民幣雙重匯率制度階段、以市場為基礎(chǔ)、單一的、有管理的浮動(dòng)匯率制度階段和以市場供求為基礎(chǔ)、參考一籃子貨幣進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)、有管理的浮動(dòng)匯率制度階段。 本文第五章探討了《廣場協(xié)議》下日元升值給日本經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展帶來嚴(yán)重阻礙的歷史教訓(xùn)帶給我國的啟示。結(jié)合《廣場協(xié)議》下日元升值的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn),分析了《廣場協(xié)議》簽訂的背景及其主要內(nèi)容,對《廣場協(xié)議》框架下日本經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退進(jìn)行了內(nèi)外因分析,從而為我國人民幣匯率改革提供反思和啟示。 本文第六章探討了現(xiàn)階段我國人民幣匯率制度改革的相關(guān)法律問題。在以上論述的基礎(chǔ)上,對現(xiàn)階段國內(nèi)法框架下我國的外匯制度進(jìn)行了法律評價(jià),對我國人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制、定價(jià)機(jī)制、波動(dòng)水平等進(jìn)行了法理性的分析并指出其存在的缺陷和弊端,為在法律框架內(nèi)解決人民幣匯率制度的缺陷提供了相應(yīng)的改革思路。
[Abstract]:Since 2002, the RMB exchange rate issue has become the China US economic and trade relations and international economic, financial, legal issues. With the 2007 outbreak of the global financial crisis, western countries headed by the United States more as an excuse to transfer their own currency and exchange rate risk, the issue of RMB exchange rate accused rampant, the RMB exchange rate issue has gradually become the core issue of international financial and trade fields. The deepening of the global financial crisis has further exposed the shortcomings of the international monetary and financial system, will also further highlights the importance of RMB exchange rate issues. At present, the system analysis of the RMB exchange rate issue, explore the method of rational, forward-looking vision, to grasp the right words and take the initiative on the exchange rate issue in the international community, is a key problem in our country must face and solve urgently, also contributed to this article The original intention of writing.
This will be the first on the legitimacy of China's RMB exchange rate system in the framework of international law are discussed, starting from the relevant rules of international law, the objective evaluation of the RMB exchange rate regime legitimacy. Combined with the domestic legal system, the status quo of China's RMB exchange rate system were summed up and put forward his suggestions on China's RMB the exchange rate system reform under the background of global economic crisis. At the same time, combined with the experience of "square agreement > under the appreciation of the yen, with reflection and inspiration for China's RMB exchange rate reform.
The first chapter of this article discusses the legal changes of exchange rate system under the framework of international law. The law of change of exchange rate system under the framework of international law are summarized and combed, discusses the legal system of international exchange rate under the gold standard, the gold exchange rate legal system standard system, the legal system of the Bretton Woods exchange rate system, exchange rate the legal system of the legal system of the exchange rate from the Bretton Woods system to Jamaica during the transition period and the Jamaica system. The legal evaluation of the exchange rate system under the framework of international law changes, and concludes that the legal attribute of the current international monetary system is the "dollar standard" conclusion.
In the second chapter and the third chapter discusses the legitimacy of China's RMB exchange rate system under the framework of international law. The new decision of bilateral surveillance by < > > and the agreement of the International Monetary Fund in 2007 of "policy as a legal basis, analyzes the rights and obligations of the exchange rate of the national sovereignty under the framework of international law in the. The framework agreement of the International Monetary Fund, respectively from the two aspects of rights and obligations of members inspected the legitimacy of China's RMB exchange rate policy, which refutes the western countries headed by the United States on China's groundless accusations of currency manipulation.
In the fourth chapter of the China established since the new RMB exchange rate system in China has experienced the previous reform process and legal changes were sorted and summarized, respectively discusses the fixed exchange rate system of official pricing, a link to a basket of currencies floating stage, RMB exchange rate system of dual stage, market-based, single, managed floating and the exchange rate system based on market supply and demand with reference to a basket of currencies, managed floating exchange rate system.
The fifth chapter discusses the "Plaza Agreement > under the appreciation of the yen to the Japanese economy development brings the serious obstacles to the lessons of history in China. With the experience of" square agreement > under the appreciation of the yen, of the "Plaza Agreement signed on the background and main contents of" square agreement > under the framework of the economic recession in Japan the analysis of internal and external factors, so as to provide reflection and inspiration for China's RMB exchange rate reform.
The sixth chapter discusses the related legal problems of current RMB exchange rate system reform in our country. Based on the above discussion, the legal evaluation on the foreign exchange system in China at this stage of the domestic law of China, the RMB exchange rate formation mechanism, pricing mechanism, the fluctuation level is analyzed and pointed out that the rational method the defect and its shortcomings, provides corresponding reform ideas in order to solve the defects of RMB exchange rate system within the framework of the law.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D996.2;D922.286;F832.6

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