本文選題：轉(zhuǎn)基因產(chǎn)品　切入點：風(fēng)險預(yù)防原則　出處：《中國政法大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著生物工程技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展,轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)被廣泛的應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、食品加工工業(yè),為幫助人類解決食物短缺等問題做出了巨大的貢獻。但國際社會對于轉(zhuǎn)基因產(chǎn)品的安全性一直存在爭議,各國立足于各自利益對其持有不同的態(tài)度。目前在國際環(huán)境法領(lǐng)域中已經(jīng)有大量的條約吸納了風(fēng)險預(yù)防原則,該原則是針對環(huán)境惡化結(jié)果的滯后性和不可逆轉(zhuǎn)性的特點而提出。隨著對公共健康和可持續(xù)發(fā)展的日益重視,出現(xiàn)了將該原則引入到國際經(jīng)濟法的領(lǐng)域的觀點。在各國的態(tài)度方面,歐盟出于對公共健康的保護的需要以及預(yù)防生物科技產(chǎn)品對公眾健康可能存在的風(fēng)險,在對轉(zhuǎn)基因食品規(guī)制方面大力倡導(dǎo)風(fēng)險預(yù)防原則。美國是世界上最早研究轉(zhuǎn)基因作物,同時也是世界上轉(zhuǎn)基因作物種植面積最大的國家,美國主張堅持“充分科學(xué)依據(jù)”的立場,認為在目前還沒有充足的科學(xué)證據(jù)證明轉(zhuǎn)基因產(chǎn)品會對人體健康,生態(tài)環(huán)境造成危害,轉(zhuǎn)基因產(chǎn)品是安全的,因此,極力反對將風(fēng)險預(yù)防原則應(yīng)用到轉(zhuǎn)基因產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易中。 由現(xiàn)行的WTO框架下關(guān)于農(nóng)產(chǎn)品、食品的貿(mào)易協(xié)定等國際法律,主要是對傳統(tǒng)貿(mào)易產(chǎn)品進行規(guī)制,在對轉(zhuǎn)基因產(chǎn)品的規(guī)制方面存在大量空白地帶,其缺陷不一而足。 作為大量進口轉(zhuǎn)基因產(chǎn)品和批準轉(zhuǎn)基因主糧化的中國,在現(xiàn)行貿(mào)易管理制度和法律制定中引入風(fēng)險預(yù)防原則,既有可能,也有必要。我國在對轉(zhuǎn)基因產(chǎn)品管理制度方面還存在很大的不足,筆者認為應(yīng)當將風(fēng)險預(yù)防原則引入到我國對轉(zhuǎn)基因產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易規(guī)制體系中來,并逐步完善我國的相關(guān)規(guī)定。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of biotechnology, transgenic technology has been widely used in agricultural production, food processing industry, Great contributions have been made to help humanity solve problems such as food shortages. However, there has been controversy in the international community about the safety of genetically modified products. Countries have different attitudes towards them on the basis of their respective interests. There are already a large number of treaties in the field of international environmental law that incorporate the principle of risk prevention. The principle is based on the characteristics of lag and irreversibility of the results of environmental degradation. With the increasing emphasis on public health and sustainable development, There is a view to introducing this principle into the field of international economic law. In terms of national attitudes, the EU needs to protect public health and prevent possible risks to public health from biotech products. The United States is the first country in the world to study GM crops, and it is also the largest country in the world where GM crops are grown. The United States maintains the position of "full scientific basis", and believes that at present there is no sufficient scientific evidence to prove that genetically modified products will cause harm to human health and the ecological environment, and that genetically modified products are safe. It is strongly opposed to the application of the risk prevention principle to the trade of GM products. Under the current WTO framework, the international laws on agricultural products and food trade agreements mainly regulate the traditional trade products. There are a large number of blank areas in the regulation of genetically modified products. As a large number of imports of GM products and approval of GM staple grain, it is possible for China to introduce the principle of risk prevention into the current trade management system and the formulation of laws. It is also necessary. There are still some deficiencies in the management system of transgenic products in our country. The author thinks that the principle of risk prevention should be introduced into the trade regulation system of transgenic products in our country, and the relevant regulations of our country should be perfected step by step.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D996.1;F746

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 王敏;SPS協(xié)定中預(yù)防原則研究[D];湖南師范大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號：1617391