本文選題：貿(mào)易壁壘調(diào)查　切入點(diǎn)：301條款　出處：《山西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：后危機(jī)時(shí)代，在新貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義理論下，各國貿(mào)易保護(hù)此起彼伏，貿(mào)易壁壘逐漸呈現(xiàn)多樣化、隱蔽化的趨勢，2013年中國取代美國成為全球最大貨物貿(mào)易國，與此同時(shí)，中國已經(jīng)連續(xù)18年成為遭遇貿(mào)易摩擦最多的國家，而且現(xiàn)階段的貿(mào)易摩擦屬于戰(zhàn)略性貿(mào)易摩擦，尤其是新能源產(chǎn)業(yè)將會(huì)是今后貿(mào)易摩擦的重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域，2010年，美國再次對(duì)中國的新能源政策提起了301條款，出于對(duì)第三次工業(yè)革命制高點(diǎn)的爭奪，今后一段時(shí)間中美之間必定會(huì)進(jìn)入摩擦高發(fā)期，而當(dāng)今時(shí)代國與國之間的貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)逐漸演變成貿(mào)易規(guī)則的博弈，因此，貿(mào)易壁壘調(diào)查制度作為針對(duì)貿(mào)易壁壘建立起來的快速反應(yīng)機(jī)制，對(duì)于我國具有重要的意義。 WTO是多國經(jīng)過多輪談判妥協(xié)的產(chǎn)物，是貿(mào)易保護(hù)和貿(mào)易自由的統(tǒng)一體，在WTO體制下，貿(mào)易壁壘有其生存發(fā)展的空間。在中國由一個(gè)貿(mào)易大國成長為一個(gè)貿(mào)易強(qiáng)國的過程中，國際貿(mào)易摩擦必將會(huì)呈現(xiàn)出復(fù)雜化、常態(tài)化等特征，貿(mào)易壁壘調(diào)查制度作為有效應(yīng)對(duì)貿(mào)易壁壘的制度，在給國內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)和其他組織提供了應(yīng)對(duì)他國貿(mào)易壁壘的國內(nèi)法依據(jù)的同時(shí)，也增強(qiáng)了一國維護(hù)本國外貿(mào)秩序、經(jīng)濟(jì)安全的能力，但是，我國貿(mào)易壁壘調(diào)查制度從誕生之日起十二年的時(shí)間里卻僅僅在兩起案件中得到運(yùn)用，，其實(shí)效性顯而易見，因此，本文通過研究貿(mào)易壁壘調(diào)查制度實(shí)效性的基礎(chǔ)理論為下文提供邏輯起點(diǎn)；全面介紹了美國的貿(mào)易壁壘調(diào)查制度實(shí)效性，分析出美國可借鑒的經(jīng)驗(yàn)；在此基礎(chǔ)上，通過實(shí)證分析影響我國制度實(shí)效性的問題并對(duì)如何改進(jìn)我國貿(mào)易壁壘調(diào)查制度的實(shí)效性提出相關(guān)建議。 法律的生命在于經(jīng)驗(yàn)，如果只注重法律條文而不關(guān)注法律在社會(huì)運(yùn)行當(dāng)中的實(shí)效性，那么法律就是一紙空文，因此本文著眼于現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中活的法，通過研究貿(mào)易壁壘調(diào)查制度實(shí)效性的一系列相關(guān)問題，最終改進(jìn)其實(shí)效性，從而真正發(fā)揮我國貿(mào)易壁壘調(diào)查制度的預(yù)設(shè)功能和應(yīng)有價(jià)值。 在新形勢下，貿(mào)易壁壘調(diào)查制度對(duì)于我國貿(mào)易活動(dòng)具有很強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性和實(shí)用性，但目前學(xué)者們的研究仍主要著重中外制度的對(duì)比和對(duì)我國制度的完善，僅僅對(duì)制度的關(guān)注，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)無法滿足我國現(xiàn)實(shí)的外貿(mào)需要，因此，本文通過分析該制度的典型—301條款的實(shí)效性，找出我國制度實(shí)效性存在的問題，借鑒先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，改進(jìn)我國制度的實(shí)效性。我國應(yīng)該憑借自身的國際貿(mào)易實(shí)力和巨大的國內(nèi)市場，充分、有效的使用貿(mào)易壁壘調(diào)查制度，依法消除中國在對(duì)外貿(mào)易中遇到的各種貿(mào)易壁壘，積極開拓國際市場，保護(hù)我國經(jīng)濟(jì)安全。
[Abstract]:In the post-crisis era, under the new trade protectionism theory, the trade protection of various countries has been rising one after another, and trade barriers are gradually showing a trend of diversification and concealment. In 2013, China replaced the United States as the world's largest trading country in goods, and at the same time, China has been the country experiencing the most trade frictions for the past 18 consecutive years, and trade frictions at this stage belong to strategic trade frictions, especially the new energy industry, which will be the key area of trade friction in the future. In 2010, The United States has once again raised Section 301 on China's new energy policy. Out of the contention for the commanding high ground of the third Industrial Revolution, China and the United States will certainly enter a period of high friction for some time to come. Nowadays, the trade war between countries has gradually evolved into a game of trade rules. Therefore, as a rapid response mechanism to trade barriers, the investigation system of trade barriers is of great significance to our country. WTO is the product of many countries' negotiation and compromise, and the unity of trade protection and trade freedom. Under the WTO system, trade barriers have room for survival and development. International trade frictions will certainly present the characteristics of complication and normalization. As an effective system to deal with trade barriers, the investigation system of trade barriers provides domestic industries and other organizations with the basis of domestic laws to deal with other countries' trade barriers. It has also enhanced the ability of a country to maintain its foreign trade order and economic security. However, the investigation system of trade barriers in our country has only been used in two cases in the 12 years from the date of its birth. Its effectiveness is obvious, therefore, This paper provides a logical starting point for the following by studying the basic theory of the effectiveness of the investigation system of trade barriers; it comprehensively introduces the effectiveness of the investigation system of trade barriers in the United States, analyzes the experience that the United States can use for reference; on the basis of this, Through the empirical analysis of the impact of China's system effectiveness and how to improve the effectiveness of China's trade barriers investigation system put forward relevant suggestions. The life of law lies in experience. If we only pay attention to the provisions of the law and not to the effectiveness of the law in the course of social operation, then the law is a dead letter. Therefore, this paper focuses on the living law in real life. Through the study of a series of related problems on the effectiveness of the investigation system of trade barriers, the effectiveness of the investigation system of trade barriers can be improved finally, so as to give full play to the presupposition function and due value of the investigation system of trade barriers in China. Under the new situation, the investigation system of trade barriers has strong pertinence and practicability for our country's trade activities. However, at present, scholars still mainly focus on the comparison of Chinese and foreign systems and the perfection of our country's system, and only pay attention to the system. It is far from being able to meet the actual foreign trade needs of our country. Therefore, by analyzing the effectiveness of the typical section -301 of this system, this paper finds out the problems existing in the effectiveness of our country's system, and draws lessons from the advanced experience. To improve the effectiveness of China's system, China should rely on its own international trade strength and huge domestic market, make full and effective use of the investigation system of trade barriers, and eliminate all kinds of trade barriers that China has encountered in foreign trade according to law. Actively open up international markets to protect China's economic security.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D996.1

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