本文選題：氣候變化技術(shù)　切入點：國際技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓　出處：《湘潭大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：氣候變化是當(dāng)今國際社會最為關(guān)注的話題之一。全球氣候變化不僅影響著人類的生存環(huán)境，而且還制約著世界經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和社會的進步。如今，氣候變化已不僅僅是科學(xué)技術(shù)問題，它還關(guān)乎國家間的政治、經(jīng)濟甚至安全問題。為了減緩氣候變化，實現(xiàn)人類的可持續(xù)發(fā)展，國際社會先后通過了《聯(lián)合國氣候變化框架條約》、《京都議定書》、《與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)議》等一系列全球性的法律多邊文件，初步形成了應(yīng)對氣候變化問題的國際法律體系。而后圍繞氣候變化進行的國際合作日益增多，人們普遍意識到，氣候變化技術(shù)（即與氣候相關(guān)的環(huán)境友好技術(shù)）在國際間的有效轉(zhuǎn)讓是解決目前氣候環(huán)境惡化的最有效途徑。 然而，目前氣候變化技術(shù)在國際間的轉(zhuǎn)讓現(xiàn)狀并不容樂觀，發(fā)達國家與發(fā)展中國家在這一領(lǐng)域的博弈都日益加劇，雙方都不愿作出讓步。筆者認為，這與相關(guān)氣候條約的不完善有關(guān)，也與國際貿(mào)易體系下技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓法律制度的不完善有關(guān)。發(fā)現(xiàn)氣候變化技術(shù)國際轉(zhuǎn)讓不充分的法律原因，改進現(xiàn)行國際貿(mào)易體系規(guī)則，并提出相應(yīng)完善建議成為了一個化解雙方的矛盾，規(guī)范國際市場，促進氣候變化技術(shù)在國際間的順利轉(zhuǎn)讓的極具實踐意義的課題。 氣候變化技術(shù)的國際轉(zhuǎn)讓是受氣候條約體系和國際貿(mào)易體系這兩大體系的調(diào)整，相關(guān)法律制度的缺位或不合理才使得目前氣候技術(shù)國際轉(zhuǎn)讓陷入僵局。本文認為要切實讓發(fā)達國家履行幫助發(fā)展中國家共同應(yīng)對氣候變化的義務(wù)，就必須要有合理的強制性的法律制度作為保障。協(xié)調(diào)好TRIPS協(xié)議（與貿(mào)易相關(guān)的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)議）中的強制許可制度之適用是解決目前困境一劑良方，所以本文在介紹了目前氣候變化技術(shù)國際間轉(zhuǎn)讓的現(xiàn)狀，分析了相關(guān)條約、體系在調(diào)整這一領(lǐng)域方面的不足，并著重闡述了強制許可制度應(yīng)當(dāng)適用氣候變化技術(shù)的國際間轉(zhuǎn)讓，最后得出結(jié)論，完善目前法律、法規(guī)存在的漏洞，并讓發(fā)達國家與發(fā)展中國家本著共同應(yīng)對氣候變化的宗旨，摒棄私利，切實履行相關(guān)義務(wù)，為保護全球氣候環(huán)境貢獻自己的力量。
[Abstract]:Climate change is one of the most concerned topics in the international community today. Global climate change not only affects the living environment of human beings, but also restricts the development of the world economy and social progress. Climate change is not only a matter of science and technology, but also a matter of politics, economy and even security among nations. The international community has successively adopted a series of global legal multilateral documents such as the United Nations Framework Treaty on Climate change, the Kyoto Protocol, the Agreement on Trade-Related aspects of intellectual property Rights, and so on. The initial international legal system to address climate change and the growing international cooperation surrounding climate change have been widely recognized, The effective transfer of climate change technology (i.e. climate-related environment-friendly technology) is the most effective way to solve the current climate environment deterioration. However, the current international transfer of climate change technology is not optimistic. The game between developed and developing countries in this field is increasing day by day, and neither side is willing to make concessions. This is related to the imperfections of the relevant climate treaties, as well as to the imperfections of the legal regime on technology transfer under the international trading system... finding the legal reasons for the inadequacy of the international transfer of climate change technologies, and improving the existing rules of the international trading system, It is of great practical significance to solve the contradiction between the two sides, to standardize the international market and to promote the smooth transfer of climate change technology in the world. The international transfer of climate change technology is governed by the climate treaty system and the international trading system. The absence or unreasonableness of the relevant legal system makes the current international transfer of climate technology deadlock. This paper holds that the developed countries should fulfill their obligations to help the developing countries to jointly cope with climate change. It is necessary to have a reasonable mandatory legal system as a safeguard. Coordinating the application of the compulsory licensing system in the TRIPS Agreement (Agreement on Trade-Related aspects of intellectual property Rights) is a good solution to the current dilemma. Therefore, this paper introduces the current situation of international transfer of climate change technology, analyzes the shortcomings of the relevant treaties and the system in adjusting this field, and emphasizes on the international transfer of climate change technology that should be applied to the compulsory licensing system. Finally, it is concluded that the loopholes existing in the existing laws and regulations should be improved and developed and developing countries should be allowed to abandon their self-interest and fulfill their relevant obligations in line with the purpose of jointly dealing with climate change. To contribute to the protection of the global climate environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D996.9

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