本文選題：流失文物　切入點：回歸文物　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：中國擁有不計其數(shù)的珍貴文物,這是值得我們驕傲的,然而中國卻又是世界上文物流失最嚴重的國家之一,這無疑使我們感到心痛。其實從新中國成立后,國家從未放棄過追尋流失海外文物的工作,只不過因為經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和綜合國力的原因,這項工作的進展比較緩慢。隨著改革開放帶來的各種影響,國人對于流失文物的關(guān)注意識也愈發(fā)增強。特別是近十年來,圓明園獸首的屢次公開拍賣更是激發(fā)了專家、學(xué)者、民眾對于中國流失海外的文物何時能回歸,通過何種方式回歸等諸多問題的討論。 本文以中國流失文物的現(xiàn)狀為背景,首先探討了流失文物回歸的三種主要方式：回購,回贈和追索,并且通過各種案例分析得出前兩種方式的弊端,強調(diào)應(yīng)該多采用追索的方式使流失文物回歸故土；接著,從追索流失文物遇到的阻礙著手,總結(jié)分析這些障礙產(chǎn)生的原因：一是由于兩大法學(xué)理論對于文物保護的態(tài)度有著截然相反的意見,導(dǎo)致文物市場國不愿歸還文物；二是現(xiàn)行的幾個國際條約都有致命的缺陷,致使其效力大打折扣,尤其不能解決戰(zhàn)時被掠奪的文物歸還問題；三是因為在法律訴訟中有關(guān)善意取得制度和訴訟主體的問題各國相關(guān)規(guī)定有所不同導(dǎo)致通過法律途徑追索流失文物的難度大大上升；最后,文章著重分析四個流失文物追索成功的案例并歸納得出中國應(yīng)該以完善國內(nèi)相關(guān)立法為基礎(chǔ)并且發(fā)揮群眾和領(lǐng)袖人物在這項工作進程中的重要作用,從而有效推動追索流失海外文物工作的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:China has countless precious cultural relics, which we should be proud of. However, China is also one of the countries with the most serious cultural relics loss in the world. This undoubtedly makes us feel heartache. In fact, since the founding of New China, The country has never given up its pursuit of the loss of cultural relics overseas, but because of economic development and comprehensive national strength, the progress of this work has been relatively slow. With the various effects of reform and opening up, People are increasingly concerned about the loss of cultural relics. In particular, in the past decade, the repeated public auctions of Old Summer Palace's animal heads have inspired experts, scholars, and the public to know when China's lost cultural relics from overseas will return. How to return through the discussion of a number of issues. Based on the present situation of the lost cultural relics in China, this paper first discusses the three main ways of returning the lost cultural relics: repurchase, gift and recovery, and through the analysis of various cases, the disadvantages of the former two ways are obtained. Emphasizing that more recourse should be used to return the lost cultural relics to their native lands; and then, starting with the obstacles encountered in the recovery of the lost cultural relics, Summing up and analyzing the reasons for these obstacles: first, because the two major legal theories have diametrically opposed views on cultural relics conservation, resulting in cultural relics market countries unwilling to return cultural relics; second, several existing international treaties have fatal defects. Its effectiveness is greatly reduced, especially the problem of the return of cultural relics plundered during wartime cannot be solved; Third, due to the differences in the relevant provisions of various countries concerning the system of bona fide acquisition and the subject of litigation in legal proceedings, the difficulty of recovering lost cultural relics through legal channels has greatly increased; finally, The article focuses on the analysis of four successful cases of lost cultural relics and concludes that China should take the relevant domestic legislation as the basis and give play to the important role of the masses and leaders in the process of this work. In order to effectively promote the loss of overseas cultural relics lost to the development of work.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D997.1;D922.16

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本文編號：1594201