發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-09 02:37

  本文選題：核電　切入點(diǎn)：海外投資　出處：《遼寧大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：雖然福島核事故的陰霾并未消散,但是在目前全球能源需求旺盛和世界環(huán)保高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的背景下,各國開始恢復(fù)核電發(fā)展,許多新興核電國家為了保證本國經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展所必須的能源供應(yīng),積極引進(jìn)先進(jìn)核電技術(shù)和外國資本興建本國核電產(chǎn)業(yè),擁有核電的部分國家也開始計(jì)劃擴(kuò)大本國核電規(guī)模,以緩解本國能源需求壓力。在這樣的背景下,中國適時(shí)將核電走出去上升為國家戰(zhàn)略,加快對(duì)外核電投資合作步伐,積極開拓國外核電項(xiàng)目。盡管中國主要核電企業(yè)擁有大量的核電運(yùn)營經(jīng)驗(yàn)和管理經(jīng)驗(yàn),在技術(shù)上也擁有自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的第三代核電技術(shù),具有較強(qiáng)核電綜合實(shí)力,但是在進(jìn)行對(duì)外核電投資合作的過程葉中,依然需要面對(duì)激烈的國際核電市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。本文通過國際投資法的視角,以中國對(duì)外投資立法和主要核電投資東道國的法律制度等為基礎(chǔ),以中國和其他國家的對(duì)外核電投資案例為實(shí)證,其中也包括部分其他能源投資案例,對(duì)中國對(duì)外核電投資的法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行了分析并提出了若干防范對(duì)策。通過對(duì)中國核電投資東道國的法律制度的分析并結(jié)合核電產(chǎn)業(yè)的特點(diǎn),中國對(duì)外核電投資的法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)主要包括國家安全審查風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、反壟斷審查風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、環(huán)保法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等。從中國對(duì)外核電投資的實(shí)踐來看,中國對(duì)外核電投資過程中已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了由于沒有對(duì)相關(guān)投資目標(biāo)國的法律制度做好充分調(diào)查和準(zhǔn)備而導(dǎo)致的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的發(fā)生,給中國核電企業(yè)造成了巨大損失。本文立足于中國對(duì)外核電投資現(xiàn)狀,深入分析中國對(duì)外核電投資存在的法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn),從國際法、中國國內(nèi)法、核電企業(yè)自身三個(gè)層面,為中國在對(duì)外核電投資合作的過程中如何防范各種具體法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)提出若干建議。在國際法的層面,要充分利用現(xiàn)有的多邊機(jī)制(如《能源憲章條約》、《華盛頓公約》等多邊條約),在雙邊投資條約談判中對(duì)可能出現(xiàn)的相關(guān)法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)以及投資爭(zhēng)端解決方式明確約定進(jìn)行事前防范。中國的對(duì)外投資法律制度也應(yīng)盡快完善,以適應(yīng)中國對(duì)外核電投資不斷擴(kuò)張的現(xiàn)實(shí),為中國核電企業(yè)的對(duì)外投資保駕護(hù)航。核電企業(yè)自身也應(yīng)重視法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的防范,在對(duì)外核電投資的過程中審慎調(diào)查東道國的法律環(huán)境、目標(biāo)企業(yè)的經(jīng)營管理狀況和涉訴情況等,避免因缺乏對(duì)法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的預(yù)見造成核電投資項(xiàng)目的暫停甚至終止,給企業(yè)帶來重大損失。
[Abstract]:Although the haze of the Fukushima nuclear accident has not dissipated, under the background of the exuberant global energy demand and the high environmental standards in the world, countries have begun to resume nuclear power development. In order to ensure the energy supply necessary for their rapid economic development, many emerging nuclear power countries have actively introduced advanced nuclear power technology and foreign capital to build their own nuclear power industries. Some countries that own nuclear power have also begun to plan to expand their own nuclear power scale. In order to ease the pressure on the country's energy demand. Against this background, China has in due course upgraded nuclear power to a national strategy to speed up the pace of investment and cooperation in foreign nuclear power. Actively exploring foreign nuclear power projects. Although major nuclear power enterprises in China have a lot of nuclear power operation experience and management experience, they also have the third generation nuclear power technology which has their own intellectual property rights. However, in the process of outward nuclear power investment cooperation, we still need to face the fierce competition in the international nuclear power market. On the basis of China's legislation on outward investment and the legal system of the host country of major nuclear power investment, and taking the cases of China and other countries as examples, including some other cases of energy investment, This paper analyzes the legal risks of China's foreign nuclear power investment and puts forward some preventive measures. Through the analysis of the legal system of the host country of China's nuclear power investment and the characteristics of the nuclear power industry, The legal risks of China's outward nuclear power investment mainly include the risk of national security review, the risk of anti-monopoly review, the legal risk of environmental protection, etc. From the perspective of the practice of China's foreign nuclear power investment, In the process of China's outward nuclear power investment, there has been a risk arising from the lack of adequate investigation and preparation of the legal systems of the relevant investment target countries. This paper, based on the current situation of China's foreign nuclear power investment, deeply analyzes the legal risks of China's foreign nuclear power investment, from the three levels of international law, Chinese domestic law, and nuclear power enterprises themselves. Put forward some suggestions on how to prevent various kinds of specific legal risks in the process of China's investment in foreign nuclear power. At the level of international law, It is necessary to make full use of existing multilateral mechanisms (such as the Energy Charter Treaty, the Washington Convention and other multilateral treaties), and to explicitly agree on the relevant legal risks that may arise and the settlement of investment disputes in bilateral investment treaty negotiations. China's legal system for foreign investment should also be improved as soon as possible. In order to adapt to the continuous expansion of China's foreign nuclear power investment, it is necessary for the Chinese nuclear power enterprises to protect their foreign investment. The nuclear power enterprises themselves should also attach importance to the prevention of legal risks. In the process of investing in nuclear power abroad, we carefully investigate the legal environment of the host country, the operation and management situation of the target enterprise and the situation of litigation, so as to avoid suspending or even terminating the nuclear power investment project due to the lack of foresight of legal risk. It brings great losses to enterprises.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D996.4

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