本文選題：國際貿(mào)易法院　切入點：反傾銷　出處：《西南政法大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著中國經(jīng)濟的快速增長，尤其是對美國出口額的逐年上升，美國越來越重視對中國企業(yè)的兩反調查，2008年經(jīng)濟危機以來，貿(mào)易保護主義抬頭，中國每年的遭受的反傾銷調查無論是案件數(shù)量還是涉案總金額都已經(jīng)位居世界第一，中國成為全球遭受反傾銷困擾最嚴重的國家。 美國是典型的三權分立國家，國際貿(mào)易法院雖然不是完全獨立的司法機關，卻是國會監(jiān)督行政機關嚴格執(zhí)行外貿(mào)領域法律的重要機構，國際貿(mào)易法院在法律允許的范圍內(nèi)對于行政機關的審查是中國企業(yè)在反傾銷行政程序中失敗后挽回損失最直接也是最有力的途徑，從近年來國際貿(mào)易法院的判例可以看出，只要能夠找準抗辯“切入點”，充分利用法律上的漏洞，合理運用程序規(guī)則所賦予的權利，可以大幅度降低終裁反傾銷稅率，減少美國反傾銷程序對中國外貿(mào)產(chǎn)業(yè)的損害。 筆者翻譯并研究了2003年以來國際貿(mào)易法院網(wǎng)站上涉及中國的判例，并且結合從1789年以來美國在對外貿(mào)易領域相關的立法撰寫此文，本文的研究路徑主要是從中國企業(yè)面臨的美國反傾銷調查壓力提出問題，對反傾銷的研究必須從現(xiàn)實的中國企業(yè)所面臨的實際問題出發(fā)，，得出的結論必須對中國企業(yè)有啟發(fā)參考作用。 本文運用反傾銷法理論，研究美國對華反傾銷的變化趨勢，分析如何通過國際貿(mào)易法院進行司法救濟，并闡述了司法救濟應當從哪些“切入點”著手。全文除引言外，共分五個部分，三萬七千余言，筆者雖無如椽巨筆，亦堅持點滴求實。 第一部分：美國對華反傾銷概述。這一部分概括地介紹了美國在近三十年來對中國進行反傾銷的情況和變化趨勢，美國對華反傾銷從無到有，從少到多的變化辯證地反映了中國經(jīng)濟的騰飛，同時也說明了中國面臨越發(fā)嚴峻的反傾銷形勢。 第二部分：國際貿(mào)易法院在反傾銷救濟中的作用。這一部分介紹國際貿(mào)易法院在反傾銷救濟中的制約性作用和保護性作用，國際貿(mào)易法院是雙刃劍，既要制約行政權力，又要保護國家利益，理解這一點有助于接下來研究哪些程序問題值得抗辯，哪些問題不用浪費力氣。 第三部分：在國際貿(mào)易法院訴訟程序中值得注意的抗辯“切入點”。這一部分闡述了在反傾銷訴訟中應該從哪些方面入手進行抗辯，如前所述，國際貿(mào)易法院對國家利益有保護性作用，不合理的行政程序并不是一概否定，哪些錯誤應該否定存在一個法律的邊界，筆者通過對“切入點”的研究試圖界定這個邊界的范圍。 第四部分：美國不承認中國市場經(jīng)濟地位對司法救濟的影響，本章分析了市場經(jīng)濟地位對于中國反傾銷救濟的重要意義，筆者認為單純探討中國是否應該具有市場經(jīng)濟地位價值不大，但是如果能夠通過這些不利影響指引中國企業(yè)在反傾銷訴訟中回避某些問題以避免陷入不利的訴訟地位確是非常有價值的事情。 第五部分：國際貿(mào)易法院判例對于司法救濟的啟示。這部分總結了筆者在分析案例時的一些心得體會，在具體案例中如何操作能夠獲得最佳效果，同時提出了一些前人沒有關注的問題，比如法官的背景對反傾銷救濟的不利影響和應對方法。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of Chinese economy, especially exports to the United States in the United States increased year by year, more and more attention to the investigation of two anti China enterprises, since the 2008 economic crisis, trade protectionism, Chinese annual anti-dumping investigation of both the number of cases and the amount of money involved has been ranked first in the world, become China the global anti-dumping countries the most serious problems.
The United States is a typical country of three powers, the court of international trade is not entirely independent of the judicial organs, administrative supervision organs is the Congressional executive important organization foreign trade law strictly, the court of international trade within the scope of the law is the Chinese enterprises in the anti-dumping administrative procedures in the way to recoup their losses after the failure of the most direct and most powerful for administrative review, see from the recent international trade court case, as long as the defense to identify the "starting point", make full use of legal loopholes, the rational use of the rights conferred by the rules of procedure, can greatly reduce the final anti-dumping tax rate, reduce the United States anti-dumping procedures of foreign trade industry Chinese damage.
The translation and study of international trade website since 2003 to Chinese court case, and since 1789 the United States in the field of foreign trade related legislation in writing this article, in this paper the research is mainly from the China enterprises facing US anti-dumping investigation pressure problems, the practical problems of the research on anti dumping must be faced from the reality of the China enterprises, the conclusion must be instructive reference for Chinese enterprises.
This paper uses the theory of anti-dumping law, American anti-dumping trend research, through the analysis of how international trade court for judicial relief, and expounds the judicial relief should start from what the "starting point". In addition to the introduction, is divided into five parts, 37000 words, I have no pen, also insisted on dropping realistic.
The first part: the US anti-dumping overview. This part briefly introduced the United States in the past thirty years and the change trend of anti-dumping China, US anti-dumping from scratch, from less to more change reflects the dialectical Chinese economic development, but also shows the Chinese face more severe anti dumping situation.
The second part: the court of international trade in anti-dumping relief role. This part introduces the court of international trade in anti-dumping relief in the restrictive function and protective effect, court of international trade is a double-edged sword, not only to restrict administrative power, but also to protect the interests of the state, understand this point is helpful to the study of what procedures then it is worth defense, what problems do not waste energy.
The third part: it is worth noting that in the international trade court proceedings in the defense of the "starting point". This part expounds in anti-dumping litigation should be from the start of the defense, as mentioned earlier, the International Trade Court has protective effect on the national interests, the unreasonable administrative procedure is not totally deny, what the error should deny the existence of a legal boundary, the scope of "the starting point" the study tries to define this boundary.
The fourth part: the United States does not recognize the status of market economy China influence on judicial relief, this chapter analyzes the status of market economy is important for relief Chinese anti-dumping, the author thinks that only about China should have market economy status is of little value, but if we can through these adverse effects China guide enterprises in the anti-dumping litigation to avoid certain problems in order to avoid the adverse litigation status is indeed very valuable things.
The fifth part: the case of International Trade Court for judicial relief of the enlightenment. This part summarizes some experience of the author in the analysis of the case, the operation in the specific case, how to get the best results, and put forward some predecessors did not concern, such as the background of judge adverse effects and the judicial remedy.

【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D996.1

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