本文關(guān)鍵詞： 船舶 油污損害 賠償 責(zé)任　出處：《上海海事大學(xué)》2003年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：石油是海洋環(huán)境中最大的污染物質(zhì)，而在海洋油類污染中，船舶油污所占的比例最大。船舶油污損害的后果非常嚴(yán)重，對生態(tài)環(huán)境和人類的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動造成了多方面的影響。隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，石油進(jìn)口量的逐年增加以及海上運(yùn)輸石油活動的日益頻繁，船舶油污損害也成為我國必須面對的一個重大課題。然而，我國的船舶油污損害賠償相關(guān)法律制度尚不完備。在我國加強(qiáng)對油污損害賠償相關(guān)法律問題的研究，具有非�？傄默F(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文通過對國際公約和先進(jìn)國家的國內(nèi)立法的比較，對船舶油污損害賠償法律制度進(jìn)行了概述，分析了船舶油污損害賠償責(zé)任的性質(zhì)、責(zé)任原則和我國船舶油污損害賠償制度應(yīng)當(dāng)注意的一些問題。同時，本文闡述了我國船舶油污損害賠償立法現(xiàn)狀和船舶油污損害現(xiàn)狀，并在調(diào)查統(tǒng)計的基礎(chǔ)上，對我國船舶油污損害賠償現(xiàn)狀和特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析，提出其存在的一些問題。 本文對由油污損害民事責(zé)任公約和基金公約為框架構(gòu)成的國際油污損害賠償法律制度及其最新立法發(fā)展進(jìn)行研究，同時還介紹了燃油污染損害民事責(zé)任公約，并考察了美國、加拿大的船舶油污損害法律制度，，在此基礎(chǔ)之上總結(jié)了船舶油污國際立法的特點(diǎn)和發(fā)展趨勢。本文還介紹了有關(guān)國際公約主要國內(nèi)立法下，船舶油污損害賠償?shù)姆秶Ｖ攸c(diǎn)結(jié)合IOPC Fund的規(guī)定和索賠實(shí)踐以及我國司法實(shí)踐中認(rèn)可的油污損害賠償范圍，討論了我國建立船舶油污損害賠償法律制度時應(yīng)當(dāng)規(guī)定的賠償范圍。本文還從建立我國船舶油污損害賠償基金、建立船舶油污損害強(qiáng)制保險(財務(wù)保證)等方面，提出了完善我國船舶油污損害賠償制度的設(shè)想，并就此提出了相關(guān)立法建議，以期對我國有關(guān)立法部門和政府決策部門有一定的參考作用，能夠更有效的保護(hù)海洋環(huán)境的合理開發(fā)利用，保護(hù)船舶油污受害人的合法權(quán)益。
[Abstract]:Oil is the largest pollutant in the marine environment, and in the marine oil pollution, ship oil pollution accounts for the largest proportion. The consequences of ship oil pollution damage are very serious. With the development of economy in China, the amount of oil import increases year by year and the activities of transporting oil by sea become more and more frequent. The ship oil pollution damage has also become a major subject that our country must face. However, the related legal system of the ship oil pollution damage compensation in our country is not complete. In our country, we should strengthen the research on the related legal problems of the oil pollution damage compensation. It is of great practical significance. By comparing the international conventions with the domestic legislation of advanced countries, this paper summarizes the legal system of compensation for oil pollution damage from ships, and analyzes the nature of the liability for oil pollution damage of ships. The principle of liability and some problems that should be paid attention to in the system of compensation for oil pollution damage of ships in China. At the same time, this paper expounds the present situation of legislation of compensation for oil pollution damage of ships and the present situation of oil pollution damage of ships in China, and on the basis of investigation and statistics, The present situation and characteristics of oil pollution compensation for ships in China are analyzed, and some existing problems are put forward. This paper studies the international legal system of compensation for oil pollution damage and its latest legislative development, which is constituted by the Convention on Civil liability for Oil pollution damage and the Fund Convention. At the same time, it also introduces the Convention on Civil liability for Oil pollution damage, and examines the United States. On the basis of Canada's legal system of oil pollution damage from ships, the characteristics and development trend of international legislation on oil pollution from ships are summarized. The main domestic legislation of relevant international conventions is also introduced in this paper. The scope of compensation for oil pollution damage from ships. Combined with the provisions of IOPC Fund and the practice of claims, as well as the scope of compensation for oil pollution damage recognized in the judicial practice of our country, This paper discusses the scope of compensation that should be provided when establishing the legal system of compensation for oil pollution damage of ships in China. This paper also discusses the establishment of the compensation fund for oil pollution damage of ships in China, and the establishment of compulsory insurance (financial guarantee) for oil pollution damage of ships. This paper puts forward the idea of perfecting the system of compensation for oil pollution damage from ships in China, and puts forward some relevant legislative suggestions in order to provide some reference for the relevant legislative departments and government policy-making departments in our country. It can more effectively protect the reasonable exploitation and utilization of marine environment and protect the legitimate rights and interests of the victims of oil pollution.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2003
【分類號】：D99;D912.6

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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本文編號：1553434