本文關(guān)鍵詞： 海洋法 海洋權(quán)益 海洋巡航執(zhí)法 海洋巡航制度　出處：《海南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文除引言和結(jié)語外,分五個(gè)部分對(duì)論題進(jìn)行具體闡述,共三萬余字符。 海洋巡航執(zhí)法這項(xiàng)工作涉及了國家海洋的交通安全、海洋環(huán)境監(jiān)察、打擊海洋犯罪甚至維護(hù)國家海洋權(quán)益,研究國家的海洋巡航制度是對(duì)推動(dòng)海洋事業(yè)的開發(fā),維護(hù)國家海洋權(quán)益和制定海洋戰(zhàn)略有重大意義。 第一部分是介紹我國海洋巡航執(zhí)法工作的基本情況。首先敘述海洋巡航執(zhí)法的概念、與其他相關(guān)概念的區(qū)別和界限；論述巡航執(zhí)法和一般海上執(zhí)法的關(guān)系,介紹巡航執(zhí)法的工具、作用,巡航工作的特點(diǎn)及一般情況下的分類。其次是闡述我國巡航執(zhí)法工作的歷史。再次是介紹我國巡航執(zhí)法工作的政府部門,依次介紹其工作的職能、作用和法律依據(jù)。 第二部分是論述和總結(jié)我國加入的《聯(lián)合國海洋法公約》所規(guī)定的海域管轄制度及巡航執(zhí)法制度,其中關(guān)于海域制度的論述結(jié)合了有關(guān)海洋巡航執(zhí)法工作的內(nèi)容,包括海域制度的定義、范圍和依附海域國家的巡航執(zhí)法的權(quán)利,具體海域管轄制度包括領(lǐng)海、毗連區(qū)、專屬經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)和公海等。巡航執(zhí)法制度的內(nèi)容包括接近權(quán)、登臨權(quán)和緊追權(quán)。 第三部分將分兩小部分來論述我國海洋巡航制度存在的問題。第一段討論我國海洋巡航制度理論立法的問題：首先是立法不夠完善；其次是制定法律時(shí)沒有和國際法做出好的銜接；再次是立法中原則性條款較多；最后是軍艦的法律地位沒有確定。第二段討論執(zhí)法實(shí)踐中出現(xiàn)的問題：首先是海上人命搜救程序問題；其次是域外船舶管轄問題；再次是外籍船舶管理問題；最后是爭(zhēng)議海域執(zhí)法問題。 第四部分是介紹國外巡航執(zhí)法制度的實(shí)際情況和經(jīng)驗(yàn)。選取巡航工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)比較豐富的國家經(jīng)驗(yàn)。如美國、英國、日本和韓國。將通過介紹外國的立法和現(xiàn)實(shí)巡航執(zhí)法的基本情況來分享經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 第五部分是對(duì)于上面所有討論的問題,針對(duì)我國巡航制度現(xiàn)階段立法和實(shí)踐中執(zhí)法出現(xiàn)的問題,參考他國的經(jīng)驗(yàn),對(duì)巡航制度的立法和工作提出建議。我國首先要完善巡航相關(guān)法律制度,劃分巡航權(quán)限和海域管理,提高執(zhí)法力度,加強(qiáng)執(zhí)法裝備和隊(duì)伍的力量,對(duì)外要借鑒國外先進(jìn)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和加強(qiáng)和周圍國家的合作。 綜上所述分析出海洋巡航執(zhí)法的概念和分類及法律依據(jù),結(jié)合國際海洋法制度,分析我國海洋巡航執(zhí)法現(xiàn)階段立法和執(zhí)法存在的問題,參照其他海洋大國的經(jīng)驗(yàn),對(duì)完善巡航制度的立法和解決執(zhí)法實(shí)踐中的問題提出建議。
[Abstract]:In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper is divided into five parts to elaborate the topic, a total of more than 30,000 characters. The work of maritime cruising law enforcement involves the national maritime traffic safety, marine environmental supervision, combating marine crimes and even safeguarding the national maritime rights and interests. The study of the national maritime cruise system is to promote the development of marine undertakings. Safeguarding national marine rights and interests and formulating marine strategies are of great significance. The first part is to introduce the basic situation of maritime cruising law enforcement in China. Firstly, it describes the concept of maritime cruise law enforcement, the differences and limits with other related concepts, and discusses the relationship between cruise law enforcement and general maritime law enforcement. This paper introduces the tools and functions of cruising law enforcement, the characteristics of cruising work and the classification under general circumstances. Secondly, it expounds the history of cruise law enforcement work in our country. Again, it introduces the government departments of cruise law enforcement work in our country, and introduces the functions of its work in turn. Role and legal basis. The second part discusses and summarizes the maritime jurisdiction system and cruise law enforcement system stipulated by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, to which China is a member. Including the definition, scope and right of cruising law enforcement of countries dependent on sea areas, including the territorial sea, contiguous zone, exclusive economic zone and high seas, etc. The contents of cruise law enforcement system include the right of access, Boarding rights and hot pursuit rights. The third part will be divided into two parts to discuss the existing problems of China's marine cruise system. The first paragraph discusses the theoretical legislation of China's maritime cruise system: first, the legislation is not perfect; Secondly, there is not a good connection with international law when making the law; thirdly, there are many principled clauses in the legislation. Finally, the legal status of warships has not been determined. The second paragraph discusses the problems in law enforcement practice: first, the procedure of search and rescue of life at sea; secondly, the jurisdiction of foreign ships; thirdly, the management of foreign vessels; Finally, the issue of law enforcement in the disputed sea area. Part 4th is to introduce the actual situation and experience of foreign cruise enforcement system. Select the experience of countries with rich experience in cruising, such as the United States, the United Kingdom, the United States, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, the United Kingdom, Japan and Korea. Experience will be shared by introducing foreign legislation and the basics of actual cruise enforcement. The 5th part refers to the experience of other countries in view of the problems arising from the legislation and practice of the cruise system in China at this stage, for all the questions discussed above. First of all, our country should perfect the relevant legal system of cruising, divide the cruise authority and sea area management, enhance the law enforcement, strengthen the force of the law enforcement equipment and team, Foreign countries should learn from foreign advanced experience and strengthen cooperation with the surrounding countries. In summary, the concept, classification and legal basis of maritime cruising law enforcement are analyzed. Combined with the international system of the law of the sea, the problems existing in the legislation and enforcement of maritime cruise law enforcement in China at the present stage are analyzed, and the experiences of other major maritime countries are referred to. Some suggestions are put forward to perfect the legislation of cruising system and to solve the problems in law enforcement practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：海南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D922.1;D993.5

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