本文關(guān)鍵詞： 政府采購(gòu) 自主創(chuàng)新立法及行政措施 GPA　出處：《華東政法大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：自主創(chuàng)新立法及行政措施對(duì)我國(guó)自主創(chuàng)新能力的提高有著戰(zhàn)略性的作用。實(shí)踐也表明自主創(chuàng)新立法及行政措施推動(dòng)了我國(guó)自主創(chuàng)新能力的發(fā)展。自主創(chuàng)新立法及行政措施應(yīng)當(dāng)繼續(xù)執(zhí)行，并且不斷發(fā)展和改進(jìn)，發(fā)揮著其應(yīng)有的作用。但是外國(guó)企業(yè)和政府對(duì)我國(guó)自主創(chuàng)新政策橫加指責(zé)，想要我們停止自主創(chuàng)新立法及行政措施的執(zhí)行。他們不止對(duì)我國(guó)政府施加壓力，并且還準(zhǔn)備利用WTO爭(zhēng)端解決制度迫使我國(guó)停止執(zhí)行自主創(chuàng)新立法及行政措施。研究我國(guó)自主創(chuàng)新立法及行政措施與WTO規(guī)則體系關(guān)系的意義在于應(yīng)對(duì)美國(guó)和歐盟可能提起的針對(duì)自主創(chuàng)新立法及行政措施的WTO訴訟，并在以后的訴訟中取勝。雖然目前美國(guó)和歐盟還沒(méi)有提起訴訟，，我們應(yīng)該做好應(yīng)對(duì)的準(zhǔn)備。 中國(guó)現(xiàn)在還不是《政府采購(gòu)協(xié)定》的簽字方，不承擔(dān)在政府采購(gòu)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)給予外國(guó)貨物和服務(wù)市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入和非歧視待遇的義務(wù)。但是作為世界貿(mào)易組織的成員，中國(guó)自主創(chuàng)新立法及行政措施仍然要符合《中國(guó)加入世貿(mào)組織議定書》和《中國(guó)加入工作組報(bào)告書》以及其他WTO協(xié)議，如1994《關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)定》（GATT1994）、《補(bǔ)貼與反補(bǔ)貼措施協(xié)議》（SCM）、《與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)議》（TIRPS）等。 本文針對(duì)外國(guó)企業(yè)和政府對(duì)自主創(chuàng)新立法及行政措施的指控，詳細(xì)地分析了涉及到的WTO規(guī)則，論證了自主創(chuàng)新立法及行政措施在WTO體系下的合法性。 在第三章中，筆者表述了外國(guó)企業(yè)和政府對(duì)自主創(chuàng)新立法及行政措施的公布缺乏透明性的看法，也發(fā)表了筆者認(rèn)為中國(guó)只應(yīng)承擔(dān)不存在秘密法規(guī)的義務(wù)的看法。自主創(chuàng)新立法和行政措施都在官方網(wǎng)站上公布，做到了這一點(diǎn)就沒(méi)有違規(guī)之嫌；而外國(guó)企業(yè)和政府認(rèn)為自主創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品認(rèn)定工作中專家組組建和評(píng)審過(guò)程可能出現(xiàn)不公正，違反妥善行政義務(wù)，筆者認(rèn)為妥善義務(wù)只涉及法規(guī)的“實(shí)施”，而不涉及法規(guī)的“本身”，外國(guó)企業(yè)和政府提出的是關(guān)于自主創(chuàng)新立法及行政措施本身的問(wèn)題，此指責(zé)也不成立；中國(guó)承諾加入GPA,使得外國(guó)企業(yè)和政府存在合法的期待利益，中國(guó)的情況適用非違反之訴，筆者認(rèn)為在《加入工作組報(bào)告書》和《加入議定書》中的關(guān)于政府采購(gòu)的條款中沒(méi)有表明給予外國(guó)供應(yīng)商國(guó)民待遇，并且披露了《政府采購(gòu)管理暫行辦法》這一與國(guó)民待遇不符的歧視性措施存在與適用，沒(méi)有給予外國(guó)政府和企業(yè)可以合法期待的利益，非違反之訴不適用于中國(guó)自主創(chuàng)新立法及行政措施。在第四章中，筆者表述了外國(guó)企業(yè)和政府對(duì)自主創(chuàng)新立法及行政措施使得外國(guó)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)產(chǎn)品進(jìn)入中國(guó)政府采購(gòu)市場(chǎng)受到歧視的，迫使外國(guó)企業(yè)向中國(guó)企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)，違反了TRIPS國(guó)民待遇規(guī)定和可取的專利的事項(xiàng)規(guī)定的看法，但是根據(jù)印尼汽車案專家組報(bào)告，筆者認(rèn)為將TRIPS國(guó)民待遇義務(wù)解釋成防止國(guó)內(nèi)企業(yè)獲得政府優(yōu)先采購(gòu)造成外國(guó)企業(yè)出口更加困難是不合理的，中國(guó)自主創(chuàng)新立法及行政措施沒(méi)有違反TRIPS協(xié)議。 在本文的最后，筆者對(duì)加入GPA前的自主創(chuàng)新政策在透明性和評(píng)審程序方面提出了修改意見(jiàn)。
[Abstract]:There is a strategic role in legislative and administrative measures to improve the independent innovation capability of China's independent innovation. The practice indicates that independent innovation of legislative and administrative measures to promote the development of China's independent innovation capability of independent innovation. The legislative and administrative measures should be carried out continuously, and the continuous development and improvement, playing its due role but. Foreign enterprises and the government of China's independent innovation policy to accuse, we want to stop the independent innovation of legislative and administrative measures implemented. They not only put pressure on our government, but also use the WTO dispute settlement system to force our country to stop the implementation of independent innovation of legislative and administrative measures. The research on the relationship between China's independent innovation and administrative legislation measures and WTO rules system is to deal with the United States and the European Union may be filed for independent innovation of legislative and administrative measures of the WTO procedure, and in the future Victory in the lawsuit. Although the United States and the European Union have not yet instituted a lawsuit, we should be prepared to deal with it.
China now is not the "Government Procurement Agreement > signature does not assume, for foreign goods and services market access and non discrimination in the field of government procurement obligations. But as a member of the world trade organization, China independent innovation of legislative and administrative measures still must comply with the Chinese < > and < China protocol to join WTO to join the working group report > and other WTO protocols, such as 1994< GATT > (GATT1994)," agreement on subsidies and countervailing measures (SCM) >, < > intellectual property agreement on trade related (TIRPS).
Aiming at the accusation of legislation and administrative measures of foreign enterprises and governments, this paper analyzes the WTO rules in detail, and demonstrates the legitimacy of independent innovation legislation and administrative measures under the WTO system.
In the third chapter, the author describes the foreign enterprise and government announced on the independent innovation of legislative and administrative measures of the lack of transparency, the author thinks that China also published should only bear no secrets regulations views. The independent innovation of legislative and administrative measures are published on the official website, do it no violation is suspected; and foreign enterprises and the government that the confirmation of independent innovation products working group of experts set up and review process may be unfair, in violation of proper administrative obligation, the author thinks that the compulsory regulations involving only properly enforced, without involving regulations "itself", foreign enterprises and government was proposed for independent innovation the legislative and administrative measures of the problem itself, this criticism is not established; China commitment accession to the GPA, foreign enterprises and government makes the existence of a legitimate expectation interest, the situation for non China Violation complaint, the author believes that in the "accession to the working group report" and "add on government procurement in terms of protocol > show no foreign suppliers give national treatment, and disclosure of the" Interim Measures for the management of government procurement > this inconsistent with national treatment measures of discrimination in and apply, not to foreign the government and the enterprise can expect legal interests, non violation complaint does not apply to the legislative and administrative measures China independent innovation. In the fourth chapter, the author describes the foreign enterprise and government China into the government procurement market discrimination on the independent innovation of legislative and administrative measures to make products of foreign intellectual property rights, forcing foreign companies to transfer intellectual property to Chinese enterprise, in violation of the provisions of the TRIPS national treatment and desirable patent matters stipulated views, but according to the case of the expert group report Indonesia automotive, the author believes that the country TRIPS It is unreasonable to explain that the duty of people's treatment is to prevent domestic enterprises from getting preferential government procurement, which makes foreign enterprises export more difficult. China's independent innovation legislation and administrative measures do not violate the TRIPS agreement.
At the end of this paper, the author puts forward some amendments to the transparency and review procedure of the independent innovation policy before the entry of GPA.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D996

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