本文關鍵詞： 國際合同統(tǒng)一私法 沖突法規(guī)范 國際統(tǒng)一私法協(xié)會 歐盟統(tǒng)一私法　出處：《吉林大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：國際合同統(tǒng)一私法，是國際合同領域的統(tǒng)一實體法律規(guī)范，其歷史淵源可以追溯到羅馬萬民法。20世紀后，許多國際組織積極從事國際合同統(tǒng)一私法的編纂和修訂，制定出大量的國際合同統(tǒng)一私法。國際合同統(tǒng)一私法取得進展的根本原因是世界經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展對統(tǒng)一私法產(chǎn)生了更多的需求。 國際合同統(tǒng)一私法相對于沖突法規(guī)范有很多優(yōu)越性。沖突法規(guī)范的主要缺陷包括：降低國際貿(mào)易中當事人對法律行為后果的可預見性；適用沖突法規(guī)范未必可以實現(xiàn)國際合同法律關系中的實體正義；在適用準據(jù)法上存在一定困難；沖突法規(guī)范最終找到的準據(jù)法是國內(nèi)法。統(tǒng)一沖突法規(guī)范是沖突法規(guī)范發(fā)展的高級形態(tài)，但仍未能超越?jīng)_突法規(guī)范自身的局限。 國際合同統(tǒng)一私法相對于沖突法規(guī)范的優(yōu)越性主要體現(xiàn)在：提高當事人對法律行為后果的可預見性；統(tǒng)一私法可以直接對實體正義進行追求；統(tǒng)一私法的適用相對便捷和確定；統(tǒng)一私法對權利義務的安排符合跨國法律關系的需要。國際合同統(tǒng)一私法是專門針對國際合同的性質(zhì)和特點而制定和編篡的，，直接規(guī)定了國際合同當事人的權利和義務。 國際合同統(tǒng)一私法應該滿足程序正當?shù)囊蟆H統(tǒng)一私法協(xié)會完善而成熟的組織框架、運作過程、立法環(huán)節(jié)和后續(xù)推廣為從事統(tǒng)一私法研究與制定的組織提供了榜樣，并且已經(jīng)成功制定和推行了許多具有影響力的國際合同統(tǒng)一私法。 在統(tǒng)一私法領域，迄今為止取得的最顯著的成就是歐盟統(tǒng)一私法的實踐。分析歐盟統(tǒng)一私法成功的原因?qū)y(tǒng)一私法實效研究具有重要的借鑒意義。在歷史發(fā)展過程中，歐盟各國之間的文化交流為共同的正義法律理念播下種子；跨國交往使國際性問題日益獨立于國內(nèi)問題，并產(chǎn)生了大量的習慣法；民族融合使各國的差異進一步的減少；經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展構成了統(tǒng)一私法發(fā)展的根本動力。在這樣的社會基礎之上，利用共同的法律概念追求共同的正義理念，使得歐盟統(tǒng)一私法的進程較為順利。 分析國際統(tǒng)一私法協(xié)會和歐盟統(tǒng)一私法的成功原因，對統(tǒng)一私法具有重要的啟示意義。統(tǒng)一私法需要正當?shù)牧⒎ǔ绦�、各國代表的充分參與、對各國實際情況的充分考量，并在內(nèi)容上滿足國際法律關系的需要。目前比較適合統(tǒng)一私法的爭端解決機制是仲裁制度。 中國應該順應時代潮流積極推動統(tǒng)一私法的發(fā)展，在統(tǒng)一私法的制定過程中積極發(fā)揮能動作用。國際統(tǒng)一私法代表著廣闊的法律服務市場空間。法律人應該主動走到法律研究和法律實踐的前沿，推動統(tǒng)一私法理論和實踐的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The unification of private law in international contracts is a unified substantive legal norm in the field of international contracts. Its historical origin can be traced back to the Roman law of peoples after the 20th century. Many international organizations are actively engaged in the codification and revision of private law for the unification of international contracts. The fundamental reason for the development of international contract unification private law is that the development of the world economy has more demand for the unification of private law. There are many advantages in the unification of private law of international contracts over the norms of conflict of laws. The main defects of the norms of conflict of laws include: reducing the predictability of the legal consequences of the parties in international trade; The application of conflict of laws norms may not be able to achieve substantive justice in the legal relationship of international contracts; There are some difficulties in the application of applicable law; The applicable law of conflict of laws is domestic law. The uniform conflict of law is the advanced form of the development of conflict of law, but it still fails to exceed the limitation of conflict of law itself. The superiority of the international contract unification private law in relation to the conflict of laws is mainly reflected in: improving the predictability of the parties to the consequences of the legal act; The unification of private law can directly pursue substantive justice; The application of the United private law is relatively convenient and definite; The arrangement of rights and obligations in the United private law meets the needs of transnational legal relations. The United private law of international contracts is specially formulated and codified according to the nature and characteristics of international contracts. It directly stipulates the rights and obligations of the parties to an international contract. The Unification of Private Law of International contracts should meet the requirements of due process. The International Institute for the Unification of Private Law (Unidroit) has a perfect and mature organizational framework and operation process. The legislative process and subsequent promotion provide an example for organizations engaged in the research and development of the United private law, and have successfully formulated and implemented many influential international contract unifying private law. In the field of uniform private law. So far, the most remarkable achievement has been the practice of unifying private law in the European Union. It is of great significance to analyze the reasons for the success of the Unification of Private Law in the course of historical development. The cultural exchange among the EU countries sowed the seeds for the common concept of justice and law; Transnational communication makes international issues increasingly independent of domestic issues and produces a large number of customary laws. National integration further reduces the differences between countries; The economic development constitutes the fundamental motive force for the development of the United private law. On the basis of this social foundation, the common legal concept is used to pursue the common justice concept, which makes the process of the EU unification of private law more smooth. The analysis of the successful reasons of Unidroit and EU Unification Private Law is of great significance to the Unification of Private Law, which requires due legislative process and full participation of representatives of various countries. Considering the actual situation of each country and satisfying the need of international legal relations in content, the dispute settlement mechanism suitable for the unification of private law at present is arbitration system. China should comply with the trend of the times and actively promote the development of private law. The international unified private law represents a broad market space for legal services. The legal person should take the initiative to go to the forefront of legal research and legal practice. To promote the development of the theory and practice of unifying private law.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D997

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