發(fā)布時間：2018-10-05 14:42

【摘要】：公司作為經(jīng)濟組織形式,在我國市場經(jīng)濟中發(fā)揮著重要的作用,股東出資是一個非常重要的問題。對公司而言,是公司獨立主體成立的前提條件,對公司債券人而言,是其判斷與公司進行交易的保障,也是其他足額出資股東利益實現(xiàn)的基礎。 不同的資本制度下的股東出資義務也各不相同,隨著我國社會市場經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,新《公司法》應運而生,對舊的《公司法》進行了幅度較大的修改,原有的資本制逐漸完善,放寬了股東出資義務的履行,鼓勵社會資源創(chuàng)造財富。然而任何事物都具有兩面性,股東出資義務自由度提高的同時,也為股東違反出資義務帶來了可乘之機,新《公司法》對股東違反出資義務規(guī)定的過于概括和簡單,加之法律法規(guī)的滯后性,導致實踐中股東違反出資義務的行為非常普遍,從而損害了公司、公司債權人、其他足額出資股東的利益。 通過對股東出資義務的相關問題進行探討,可把相關重要的理論和實踐問題涵蓋進去,解決實務中對理論問題的需求,目前理論界對于股東違反出資義務的研究較單一,理論構建尚不夠系統(tǒng),因此,筆者認為對股東違反出資義務的研究作用重要,也有利于法學理論的完善。 本文從四個方面來論述股東違反出資義務的問題: 第一部分是對股東出資義務的法理根據(jù)進行梳理。首先從契約理論角度分析了股東出資的法律性質。其次分析了股東出資義務與資本制度之間的關系,筆者分析了不同的資本制度下不同的股東出資義務,然后對我國新公司法制度下股東出資義務展開了分析,從三個方面進行了探討。最后,對股東資格取得與股東出資之間的對應關系進行了簡要分析。 第二部分筆者從概念、性質、理論分類對股東違反出資義務進行了全面的分析。由于新《公司法》的自由度,因此筆者在這部分也著重分析了特殊出資情況下,股東違反出資義務的特殊問題。 第三部分是本文的重點。筆者分析了股東違反出資義務情況下,對公司、其他足額出資股東和公司債權人應該承擔的責任,主要是從責任性質、歸責原則及承擔方式進行探討。 通過前述三個部分的分析,筆者在第四部分對于目前《公司法》規(guī)定的一些缺陷提出了自己的觀點。主要論述了對股東違反出資義務的界定和對其他主體承擔責任的相關問題。
[Abstract]:As a form of economic organization, the company plays an important role in the market economy of our country, and the shareholder's contribution is a very important issue. For the company, it is the prerequisite for the establishment of the independent subject of the company, for the debenture of the company, it is the guarantee of its judgment and transaction with the company, and is also the basis for the realization of the interests of other shareholders who contribute in full. With the development of China's social market economy, the new "Company Law" emerges as the times require, the old "Company Law" has been greatly modified, and the original capital system has been gradually improved. To relax the obligation of shareholders to contribute to the implementation of social resources to encourage the creation of wealth. However, everything has two sides, the freedom of shareholder's contribution obligation is improved, at the same time, it also brings the opportunity for shareholders to violate the obligation of capital contribution. The new Company Law is too general and simple for shareholders to violate the obligation of capital contribution. Combined with the lag of laws and regulations, the practice of shareholders violating the obligation to contribute is very common, thus harming the interests of the company, the creditors of the company, and other fully funded shareholders. Through the discussion of the relevant problems of shareholders' contribution obligation, we can cover the relevant important theoretical and practical problems, and solve the need for theoretical problems in practice. At present, the research on shareholders' breach of investment obligation in the theoretical circle is relatively single. Therefore, the author thinks that the research on shareholders violating the obligation of capital contribution is important and beneficial to the perfection of the theory of law. This paper discusses the shareholder's breach of the obligation to contribute from four aspects: the first part is to sort out the legal basis of shareholder's obligation to contribute. Firstly, the legal nature of shareholder's contribution is analyzed from the angle of contract theory. Secondly, it analyzes the relationship between shareholder's contribution obligation and capital system, and then analyzes the shareholder's contribution obligation under different capital system, and then analyzes the shareholder's capital contribution obligation under the new company law system of our country. Three aspects are discussed. Finally, the corresponding relationship between shareholder qualification acquisition and shareholder contribution is briefly analyzed. In the second part, the author makes a comprehensive analysis of shareholder's breach of capital obligation from concept, nature and theory classification. Because of the freedom of the new Company Law, the author also analyzes the special problems of shareholders violating the obligation of capital contribution in this part. The third part is the focus of this paper. In this paper, the author analyzes the liability of the company, other shareholders and the creditors of the company under the circumstance that the shareholders violate the obligation of capital contribution, mainly from the nature of the responsibility, the principle of imputation and the way of undertaking. Through the analysis of the above three parts, in the fourth part, the author puts forward his own views on some defects of the Company Law at present. This paper mainly discusses the definition of shareholder's violating the obligation of capital contribution and the related problems of bearing responsibility to other subjects.
【學位授予單位】：華東政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D922.291.91

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