【摘要】：巡回審判制度在西方有著悠久的歷史，但我國(guó)的巡回審判制度與西方的巡回審判則有著不同的內(nèi)涵，而是與“馬錫五審案方式”一脈相承。可是，隨著政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、法制以及社會(huì)環(huán)境的改變，當(dāng)前的巡回審判注定不可能是“馬錫五審判方式”的簡(jiǎn)單復(fù)刻。當(dāng)前我國(guó)的巡回審判制度是以“便于當(dāng)事人訴訟，便于法院審理”為原則，即法官走出法庭，巡回辦案，就地審理。目前，全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)掀起了巡回審判的熱潮。 曾一度淡出人們視野的巡回審判在當(dāng)前的回歸是有其必要性的，即巡回審判在當(dāng)前中國(guó)有著肥沃的生長(zhǎng)土壤。一方面人民法庭的撤并，雖然整合了司法資源，但也造成了法庭密度的下降，對(duì)于地處偏遠(yuǎn)、經(jīng)濟(jì)欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的人們來(lái)說(shuō)無(wú)疑造成了其訴訟的不便。另一方面當(dāng)前中國(guó)處于社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型期，，轉(zhuǎn)型期鄉(xiāng)村社會(huì)的糾紛數(shù)量增多、種類(lèi)變廣、復(fù)雜程度也在加深，人們糾紛解決的需求在不斷增大，但傳統(tǒng)的糾紛解決方式自身功能有限且不斷弱化，而現(xiàn)有的“坐堂問(wèn)案”式審判方式則由于自身種種弊端難以適應(yīng)鄉(xiāng)村社會(huì)，進(jìn)而使得鄉(xiāng)村社會(huì)糾紛解決遭遇了困境。巡回審判的回歸正是法院對(duì)這種困境的一種回應(yīng)。 當(dāng)前的巡回審判相比于“坐堂問(wèn)案”，更加便于當(dāng)事人訴訟，便于法院公正、高效地審理案件，同時(shí)還有利于塑造司法親和力，有利于和諧社會(huì)的構(gòu)建。但是這些價(jià)值的發(fā)揮還有賴(lài)于巡回審判的良好運(yùn)行。然而在實(shí)踐中，巡回審判制度并不完善，其存在制度運(yùn)行不規(guī)范、運(yùn)行成本高而保障不足、與基層組織溝通不夠、適用范圍擴(kuò)大化等問(wèn)題。 從社會(huì)發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)來(lái)看，我國(guó)巡回審判將呈衰落之勢(shì)，但在相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的一段時(shí)期內(nèi)，仍然有大力實(shí)施的必要，并且在促進(jìn)人民法庭改革上具有廣闊的發(fā)展前景。然而這有賴(lài)于巡回審判制度的完善。故筆者提出了制定統(tǒng)一、有利于執(zhí)行的巡回審判規(guī)則，加強(qiáng)基層法院的經(jīng)費(fèi)和人力保障，加強(qiáng)與基層組織的溝通協(xié)作的完善建議。
[Abstract]:The touring trial system has a long history in the west, but the itinerant trial system in our country has different connotations from those in the western countries. However, with the changes of politics, economy, legal system and social environment, the current itinerant trial is doomed to be a simple duplicate of Ma Xiwu's trial mode. At present, the system of circuit trial in our country is based on the principle of "convenient for litigant litigation, convenient for court trial", that is, judges go out of court, circuit cases, and try on the spot. At present, the whole country raised the upsurge of the circuit trial. It is necessary to return to the circuit, which was once out of sight, that is, the circuit has a fertile soil for growth in China. On the one hand, the withdrawal and merger of the people's Court, although the integration of judicial resources, but also caused a decline in the density of the court, for people in remote and economically underdeveloped areas, undoubtedly caused the inconvenience of their litigation. On the other hand, at present, China is in the period of social transformation, the number of disputes in the rural society in the transitional period is increasing, the types are becoming wider and the complexity is also deepening, and the demand for dispute resolution is constantly increasing. However, the traditional dispute resolution method itself is limited and weakening, while the existing "sitting in court case" trial method is difficult to adapt to the rural society due to its own shortcomings, thus making the rural social dispute resolution encountered difficulties. The return of the circuit is one of the courts' responses to this dilemma. The current circuit trial is more convenient for litigant litigation, more convenient for the court to deal with cases fairly and efficiently, and also conducive to shaping judicial affinity and building a harmonious society. But the exertion of these values also depends on the good operation of the circuit trial. However, in practice, the circuit trial system is not perfect, its system operation is not standardized, the running cost is high and the guarantee is insufficient, the communication with grass-roots organizations is not enough, and the scope of application is enlarged. Judging from the trend of social development, the circuit trial in our country will show a tendency of decline, but in a long period of time, it is still necessary to carry out it vigorously, and has a broad development prospect in promoting the reform of the people's court. However, this depends on the perfection of the circuit trial system. Therefore, the author puts forward some suggestions to make the rules of roving trial that are unified and beneficial to the execution, to strengthen the funds and manpower security of the basic courts, and to strengthen the communication and cooperation with the grass-roots organizations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D926.2

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