本文選題：司法能動(dòng)主義 + 司法克制主義�。� 參考：《山西大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：司法能動(dòng)主義和司法克制主義是法學(xué)理論中相對應(yīng)的兩種司法哲學(xué),二者處在不斷斗爭而又此消彼長的狀態(tài)下。目前我國尚無明確的司法哲學(xué),而明確在刑事審判中應(yīng)奉行什么樣的司法哲學(xué)又尤為重要。本文通過對司法能動(dòng)主義與司法克制主義的歷史進(jìn)程的梳理、法哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ)的闡釋、以及對它們的比較分析來試圖尋求適合于我國當(dāng)前的司法哲學(xué)。 第一部分：本文開篇首先對二者的概念作出梳理,以及通過和“能動(dòng)司法”、“主動(dòng)司法”等與二者相關(guān)的其他概念進(jìn)行比較分析,使我們對司法能動(dòng)主義與司法克制主義的概念有個(gè)明晰的界定和認(rèn)識；然后,對二者的法哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行了分析,司法能動(dòng)主義的法哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ)是自然法學(xué)和法社會(huì)學(xué),而司法克制主義的法哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ)是實(shí)證分析主義法學(xué)。通過對二者法哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ)的闡釋,凸現(xiàn)了二者在法學(xué)理論中所處的重要地位。 第二部分：通過對二者的歷史進(jìn)程的研究,可以使我們對二者的歷史淵源有清晰的認(rèn)識,并且在對歷史演進(jìn)的研究中,可以預(yù)測二者未來的發(fā)展走向。 第三部分：文中此部分從具體的案例入手來展示二者在刑事審判中的體現(xiàn),可以看出二者重要的實(shí)踐意義。 第四部分：通過對二者思想理念、憲政根基以及二者優(yōu)勢、劣勢的比較,展示了各自的特點(diǎn)和作用,從而使我們對其有更為客觀、全面的了解。 第五部分：通過分析研究我國目前刑事審判中司法能動(dòng)與司法克制的現(xiàn)狀,根據(jù)我國刑事審判領(lǐng)域的特殊性,結(jié)合我國當(dāng)前的法治建設(shè)能力和水平以及當(dāng)前我國的社會(huì)現(xiàn)狀得出取向,即我國刑事審判中應(yīng)以司法克制主義為主,司法能動(dòng)主義為輔,并且應(yīng)明確司法能動(dòng)主義適用的條件。 以我國目前的法治建設(shè)能力和水平來說,我國的法治觀念淡薄,人們對權(quán)力的信仰要大于對法律的信仰,各種權(quán)能錯(cuò)位,以及我國的法官隊(duì)伍的整體素質(zhì)和職業(yè)能力與法治水平高的國家差距還較大,尤其是刑事審判領(lǐng)域具有特殊性,不同于民事、行政等領(lǐng)域,因此,我們在刑事審判中應(yīng)堅(jiān)守司法克制主義的陣地。然而,再完美的法律也有局限性,難以面面俱到,況且我國目前正處于社會(huì)的轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期,矛盾多發(fā),為了有效地處理矛盾糾紛,維護(hù)社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定,客觀上要求我們應(yīng)以司法能動(dòng)主義為補(bǔ)充。但是司法能動(dòng)主義作為例外,要明確其適用范圍以及界限要求,其只有在法律規(guī)定缺位或者適用現(xiàn)行法律會(huì)產(chǎn)生明顯不合理的裁判結(jié)果時(shí)才能適用,并且在適用時(shí)要遵循一定的原則。通過本文的研究分析,我認(rèn)為目前我國在刑事審判領(lǐng)域應(yīng)以司法克制主義為主、司法能動(dòng)主義為輔,這是適合于當(dāng)前我國法治實(shí)踐的選擇。
[Abstract]:Judicial activism and judicial restraint are two kinds of judicial philosophy corresponding to the theory of law. At present, there is no clear judicial philosophy in our country, and it is particularly important to make clear what kind of judicial philosophy should be pursued in criminal trial. By combing the historical process of judicial activism and judicial restraint, the foundation of legal philosophy and their comparative analysis, this paper tries to seek a suitable judicial philosophy for our country. Part one: the first part of this paper makes a combing of the two concepts, and compares them with other related concepts, such as "active justice", "active justice" and so on. It makes us have a clear definition and understanding of the concepts of judicial activism and judicial restraint, and then analyzes the legal philosophical basis of judicial activism, which is based on natural jurisprudence and sociology of law. The legal philosophy of judicial restraint is empirical and analytical jurisprudence. Through the explanation of the philosophical basis of law, the important position of them in the theory of law is highlighted. The second part: through the study of the historical process of the two, we can have a clear understanding of the historical origin of the two, and in the study of historical evolution, we can predict the future development of the two. The third part: this part from the concrete cases to show the two in the criminal trial, we can see the two important practical significance. The fourth part: through the comparison of their ideas, constitutional foundations and their advantages and disadvantages, it shows their respective characteristics and functions, so that we can have a more objective and comprehensive understanding of them. Part five: according to the particularity of criminal trial in our country, through the analysis and research on the current situation of judicial activity and judicial restraint in our country's criminal trial. Combined with the current construction ability and level of the rule of law in our country and the current social situation of our country, this paper draws a conclusion that the criminal trial in our country should be dominated by judicial restraint doctrine, supplemented by judicial activism, and the conditions for judicial activism should be clearly defined. In view of our country's current ability and level of building the rule of law, the concept of rule of law in our country is weak, people's belief in power is greater than that in law, and all kinds of power are misplaced. And the gap between the overall quality and professional ability of the judges in our country and the high level of the rule of law is still large, especially in the field of criminal justice, which is different from civil, administrative and other fields. We should stick to the position of judicial restraint in criminal trials. However, no matter how perfect the law is, it is difficult to cover all aspects. Moreover, our country is currently in a period of social transformation, with frequent contradictions. In order to effectively handle contradictions and disputes and maintain social stability, Objectively, we should be supplemented by judicial activism. However, judicial activism, as an exception, should be clear about its scope of application and the requirements of its limits. It can only be applied when the legal provisions are absent or the application of the existing law will produce obviously unreasonable judicial results. And in the application of certain principles to be followed. Through the research and analysis of this paper, I believe that judicial restraint should be the main principle in the field of criminal justice, and judicial activism should be supplemented, which is suitable for the current practice of the rule of law in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D926

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