發(fā)布時間：2018-06-18 06:43

  本文選題：律師 + 法律援助��； 參考：《中國社會科學(xué)院研究生院》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：在中國,法律援助是律師的法定義務(wù),律師是最主要的法律援助服務(wù)實(shí)施主體。實(shí)踐中,自法律援助制度建立之初至今,律師辦理了大量的法律援助案件,但是令人擔(dān)憂的是律師提供的法律援助服務(wù)質(zhì)量往往差強(qiáng)人意。法律援助是一項(xiàng)扶助貧弱、保障社會弱勢群體合法權(quán)益的社會公益事業(yè),如果無法保證其服務(wù)的質(zhì)量,不僅無法實(shí)現(xiàn)其保障“公民在法律面前人人平等”的原則,反而可能使被援助人在用盡最后的司法保障資源的同時,造成對被援助人權(quán)利的二次侵害。法律援助的質(zhì)量是法律援助的生命,所以務(wù)必保證律師的法律援助質(zhì)量。 解決問題就要找出原因,縱觀當(dāng)前中國的法律制度及司法實(shí)踐,不難發(fā)現(xiàn),律師怠于法律援助服務(wù)根本原因在于律師沒有履行法律援助服務(wù)的動力。動力缺失于法律援助本不應(yīng)該簡單地歸結(jié)為律師的義務(wù)。根據(jù)中國法律以及其他國家和地區(qū)的經(jīng)驗(yàn),法律援助都是政府義不容辭的責(zé)任。我國1996年修訂的《刑事訴訟法》第34條明確指出,律師有義務(wù)接受法院指定的刑事法律援助工作。2003年頒布的《法律援助條例》中全面規(guī)定了律師在刑事、民事、行政訴訟以及其他法律服務(wù)中的法律援助義務(wù);同時其第三條明確指出了“法律援助是政府責(zé)任”,這是《法律援助條例》修訂的一大亮點(diǎn)�？墒�,無論是從《法律援助條例》或在其之后頒布的法律法規(guī),還是在司法實(shí)踐中,政府責(zé)任總被一筆帶過,而律師義務(wù)卻被反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)與重申。反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)的現(xiàn)實(shí)效果卻是不盡人意的,這正是對中國律師法律援助義務(wù)最現(xiàn)實(shí)的批判。并且,在理論上,從律師制度、法律援助制度、國際法以及法理角度看,法律援助都不應(yīng)當(dāng)成為律師的義務(wù)。 只有在法律上解除單一性的律師的法律援助義務(wù),國家承擔(dān)起法律援助的責(zé)任,并擔(dān)負(fù)起主導(dǎo)角色,更多的投入物資和人力資源,才能從根本上解決律師法律援助服務(wù)質(zhì)量不高的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題。同時,律師、社會組織以及公民自身等社會不同角色和力量也應(yīng)當(dāng)更多的關(guān)注與支持法律援助。這樣才能使法律援助走上新的發(fā)展階段,并最終實(shí)現(xiàn)其追求的公平與正義。法律援助是國家責(zé)任,是全社會的公益事業(yè),只有各方的積極投入,才能實(shí)現(xiàn)其目標(biāo),并煥發(fā)新的生命力。
[Abstract]:In China, legal aid is the legal obligation of lawyers, and lawyer is the main subject of legal aid service. In practice, since the establishment of the legal aid system, lawyers have handled a large number of legal aid cases, but it is worrying that the quality of legal aid services provided by lawyers is often unsatisfactory. Legal aid is a social public service that helps the poor and the weak and protects the legitimate rights and interests of the vulnerable groups of society. If the quality of their services cannot be guaranteed, it will not only fail to realize the principle of "equality of citizens before the law". On the contrary, it may cause the aided person to use up the last judicial guarantee resources, and at the same time cause the right of the aided person to be infringed twice. The quality of legal aid is the life of legal aid, so the quality of legal aid must be guaranteed. In order to solve the problem, we should find out the reasons. Looking at the current legal system and judicial practice in China, it is not difficult to find out that the fundamental reason for lawyers' lethargy in legal aid service lies in their failure to fulfill the power of legal aid service. Lack of motivation in legal aid should not simply be reduced to a lawyer's duty. According to Chinese law and the experience of other countries and regions, legal aid is the responsibility of the government. Article 34 of the Criminal procedure Law, revised in 1996, clearly states that lawyers have the obligation to accept the criminal legal aid work designated by the court. The regulations on legal Aid promulgated in 2003 comprehensively stipulate that lawyers are in criminal and civil affairs. The obligation of legal aid in administrative litigation and other legal services, and its article 3, which clearly states that "legal aid is the responsibility of the government", is a bright spot in the revision of the regulations on legal Aid. However, whether from the "legal Aid regulations" or after the promulgation of laws and regulations, or in judicial practice, the responsibility of the government is always passed, while the obligation of lawyers is repeatedly stressed and reiterated. The repeated emphasis on the practical effect is unsatisfactory, which is the most realistic critique of the legal aid obligation of Chinese lawyers. Moreover, in theory, legal aid should not become a lawyer's duty from the angle of lawyer system, legal aid system, international law and legal theory. Only when the legal aid obligation of a single lawyer is legally lifted, the State assumes the responsibility of legal aid, and takes on a leading role in investing more material and human resources. In order to fundamentally solve the problem of lawyers legal aid service quality is not high. At the same time, lawyers, social organizations and citizens themselves should pay more attention to and support legal aid. Only in this way can legal aid enter a new stage of development and finally realize its pursuit of fairness and justice. Legal aid is the responsibility of the state and the public welfare of the whole society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國社會科學(xué)院研究生院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D926.5

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 謝科科;公設(shè)辯護(hù)人制度研究[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號：2034564