本文選題：檢察機(jī)關(guān) + 民事公益訴訟��； 參考：《南京師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：1980年代以降,我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展進(jìn)入快車道,伴隨著改革開放逐步深入,一系列社會(huì)問題日益凸顯,其中社會(huì)公共利益被侵害的現(xiàn)象時(shí)有發(fā)生。為維護(hù)社會(huì)公共利益,公益訴訟制度漸次被介紹和引入,與此相伴隨,對(duì)公益訴訟主體資格之研討可謂熱烈,而檢察機(jī)關(guān)作為國家和社會(huì)公共利益的捍衛(wèi)者,其主體資格亦是理論界與實(shí)務(wù)界熱議的焦點(diǎn)。2012年新民事訴訟法基本確立了公益訴訟的地位,2015年7月全國人大常委會(huì)的試點(diǎn)決定和最高檢試點(diǎn)方案的相繼出臺(tái)更使得檢察機(jī)關(guān)提起民事公益訴訟具備了現(xiàn)實(shí)可能性。但毋庸諱言的是,相關(guān)法律及文件仍過于原則,缺乏實(shí)踐指導(dǎo)性,故應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對(duì)此的深入研究。本文以對(duì)我國過往案例和理論界爭(zhēng)論的梳理和分析為切入點(diǎn),以我國檢察機(jī)關(guān)提起民事公益訴訟的試點(diǎn)實(shí)踐分析為重要內(nèi)容,發(fā)現(xiàn)試點(diǎn)中可能存在的問題,希冀通過對(duì)爭(zhēng)議問題的逐一厘清,明確結(jié)論,為相關(guān)立法與司法實(shí)務(wù)提供理論支撐。本文共五章,以民訴法修改為時(shí)間軸線,第一章為檢察機(jī)關(guān)與民事公益訴訟,對(duì)相關(guān)概念的基礎(chǔ)理論進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié);第二章是民訴法修改前檢察機(jī)關(guān)對(duì)公益訴訟的探索。該章首先是對(duì)公益訴訟最高檢法機(jī)關(guān)的態(tài)度進(jìn)行梳理分析,其次是整理地方檢法機(jī)關(guān)的探索經(jīng)驗(yàn),歸納為相應(yīng)的典型模式并發(fā)現(xiàn)相關(guān)問題;第三章是民訴法修改中學(xué)界對(duì)這一制度的研討,匯總分析并提出自己的觀點(diǎn);第四章是新民訴法的實(shí)施與人大常委會(huì)授權(quán)規(guī)定出臺(tái)后的試點(diǎn)實(shí)踐即檢察機(jī)關(guān)對(duì)民事公益訴訟的再探索。本章通過對(duì)試點(diǎn)后案例的收集與分類整理及對(duì)試點(diǎn)情況的分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)目前試點(diǎn)存在的相關(guān)問題;第五章為我國檢察機(jī)關(guān)提起民事公益訴訟的具體制度構(gòu)想。從檢察機(jī)關(guān)的法律地位、基本原則與受案范圍、具體的程序建構(gòu)以及立法建議四方面入手,希冀構(gòu)建出符合中國國情且具有現(xiàn)實(shí)可行性的檢察機(jī)關(guān)提起民事公益訴訟制度。
[Abstract]:In 1980s, with the rapid development of China's economy, with the deepening of reform and opening up, a series of social problems have become increasingly prominent, among which the phenomenon of social public interests being violated has occurred from time to time. In order to safeguard the public interest, the public interest litigation system is introduced and introduced gradually. With this, the discussion on the qualification of the public interest litigation subject can be said to be enthusiastic, and the procuratorial organ as the national and social public interest defender, The subject qualification is also the focus of the theoretical and practical circles. In 2012, the new civil procedure law basically established the status of public interest litigation. In July 2015, the trial decision of the standing Committee of the National people's Congress and the pilot program of Supreme Procuratorate issued one after another. It is possible for procuratorial organs to initiate civil public interest litigation. But there is no denying that the relevant laws and documents are still too principle and lack of practical guidance, so we should strengthen the in-depth study of this. In this paper, by combing and analyzing the past cases and theoretical debates in China, and taking the pilot practice of procuratorial organs to initiate civil public interest litigation as an important content, we find out the possible problems in the pilot projects. It hopes to provide theoretical support for relevant legislation and judicial practice by clarifying and clarifying the controversial issues one by one. The first chapter is about procuratorial organs and civil public interest litigation, and summarizes the basic theories of related concepts; the second chapter is the exploration of public interest litigation by procuratorial organs before the revision of civil litigation law. This chapter firstly combs and analyzes the attitude of the supreme procuratorial organs in public interest litigation, and secondly collates the exploration experience of the local procuratorial agencies, sums up the corresponding typical models and finds the related problems. The third chapter is the academic circles' research on this system in the revision of the law of civil action, collecting and analyzing and putting forward their own views; The fourth chapter is the implementation of the new civil litigation law and the experimental practice of the NPC standing Committee after the promulgation of the provisions, that is, the procuratorial organs to the civil public interest litigation re-exploration. This chapter through the collection and classification of cases after the pilot and the analysis of the pilot situation, found the existing problems in the pilot; the fifth chapter for the procuratorial organs of our country to initiate civil public interest litigation specific system ideas. Starting with the legal status of the procuratorial organ, the basic principle and the scope of receiving the case, the concrete procedure construction and the legislative suggestion, the author hopes to construct a civil public interest litigation system which conforms to the national conditions of China and has practical feasibility.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D925.1;D926.3

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本文編號(hào)：2020869