【摘要】：所謂“冒破物料”,一般而言是指在公事修造過(guò)程中,工匠、主管官吏侵欺物料,虛數(shù)開(kāi)報(bào)或督察官吏知情扶同,怠慢誤事。但由于“冒破物料”是一個(gè)立法概念,所以隨著立法所賦予其在內(nèi)容和范圍上的變化,其內(nèi)涵也是處于變化之中的�！懊捌莆锪稀笔乔宕こ膛d建中的一大積弊,大至宮室壇廟的興建、堤壩道橋的修筑,小到通稍架木的貯存、細(xì)瑣物料的采買(mǎi),“冒破”都是一種極為普遍的現(xiàn)象。清初的幾部律典承襲了《明律》中關(guān)于“冒破物料罪”的規(guī)定,并有所增刪。乾隆五年(1740)修訂《大清律例》,對(duì)清前期關(guān)于“冒破物料罪”的增例進(jìn)行了整合修訂,形成了《清律》中關(guān)于“冒破物料罪”立法的基本構(gòu)架,此后雖稍有增損,終無(wú)大變。本文試對(duì)清“冒破物料”律的歷史遷革進(jìn)行考證,對(duì)其所附條例逐一追述,分析其變化發(fā)展的背景和原因,是對(duì)“冒破物料罪”進(jìn)行靜態(tài)分析。本文還將通過(guò)清代“冒破物料”現(xiàn)象來(lái)分階段的考察“冒破物料”律例的實(shí)施狀況,是對(duì)其進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)的考察。本文的結(jié)構(gòu)大致由這樣幾部分組成：第一章,緒論,主要介紹本文的研究對(duì)象與范圍、研究意義與目的、國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀、研究思路和所使用的史料；第二章,從宏觀的角度考察“冒破物料”律歷史遷革的大致情形。對(duì)“冒破物料”律所附的九條條例逐一進(jìn)行分析,考察其發(fā)展演變的背景與原因;第三章,對(duì)清代工程管理制度進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的考察,重點(diǎn)探討料估與奏銷(xiāo)制度；第四章,對(duì)清代“冒破物料”律例的實(shí)施狀況進(jìn)行考察；最后對(duì)清代“冒破物料”律例的發(fā)展及實(shí)施進(jìn)行反思與評(píng)析。
[Abstract]:The so-called "broken material" generally means that in the process of official repairs, craftsmen and officials in charge bully materials, open false reports or inspectors know to help them, and neglect and delay. However, as the concept of "broken material" is a legislative concept, its connotation is also in the process of change with the change of content and scope given by the legislation. "broken material" is a major drawback in the construction of the Qing Dynasty project. It is a very common phenomenon for the construction of the temple of the palace room, the construction of the dike and the bridge, the storage of the small pieces of wood, the purchase of small materials, and the "breaking". In the beginning of Qing Dynasty, several codes inherited the regulation of "breaking materials" in Ming Law, and added and deleted it. Qianlong revised the Qing Law in the past five years (1740), consolidated and revised the increase in the crime of breaking materials in the early part of the Qing Dynasty, and formed the basic framework of the legislation on "the crime of breaking materials" in the "Qing Law". There has been no great change. This article tries to make textual research on the history of the law of "breaking through materials" in Qing Dynasty, tracing the attached regulations one by one, and analyzing the background and reasons of its change and development, which is the static analysis of "the crime of breaking materials". Through the phenomenon of "breaking materials" in the Qing Dynasty, this paper will investigate the implementation of the laws and regulations of "broken materials" in stages, and make a dynamic investigation on them. The structure of this paper consists of the following parts: the first chapter, introduction, mainly introduces the research object and scope, research significance and purpose, domestic and foreign research status, research ideas and historical materials used; The second chapter, from the macro point of view, to examine the law of "broken materials" history of the general situation. The article analyzes the nine regulations attached to the "broken Materials" law one by one, investigates the background and reasons of its development and evolution. Chapter three makes a detailed investigation on the management system of the project in the Qing Dynasty, with emphasis on the system of material evaluation and sale. In the fourth chapter, the author inspects the implementation of the "broken materials" in Qing Dynasty, and finally rethinks and comments on the development and implementation of the "broken materials" in Qing Dynasty.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南開(kāi)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D929;D924.3

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