【摘要】： 中國(guó)歷史上的明朝是一個(gè)有著根深蒂固“重農(nóng)抑商”思想的王朝,商人階層地位低下,被列為“四民之末”。時(shí)至明朝中葉,諸多社會(huì)問(wèn)題交織匯集,封建社會(huì)內(nèi)部發(fā)出了急迫的變革需求,迫使統(tǒng)治者出臺(tái)一系列經(jīng)濟(jì)改革措施,從而對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)的商業(yè)起到了提振作用,很大程度上緩解了社會(huì)矛盾。正是在這一特殊歷史時(shí)期,徽商隊(duì)伍脫穎而出,它的形成、發(fā)展與壯大有其特殊的政治、文化、地緣因素,但也與其所具備的超乎其他商人群體的法律意識(shí)密不可分。對(duì)明朝徽商的法律意識(shí)研究有助于我們了解明朝商事法的運(yùn)行狀況以及徽商興盛的重要原因。 本文主要從以下四個(gè)部分展開論述,第一部分對(duì)徽商的興起、經(jīng)營(yíng)狀況以及社會(huì)地位進(jìn)行總體介紹;第二部分基于商人管理制度和鹽事法兩部門的明朝商事成文法,對(duì)徽商經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng)和法律意識(shí)進(jìn)行分析研究;第三部分立足于明朝商事習(xí)慣法,研究剖析徽商的商業(yè)規(guī)范意識(shí)、契約意識(shí)、官商結(jié)合意識(shí)和維權(quán)意識(shí);第四部分得出結(jié)論:徽商具有相對(duì)超前的法律意識(shí),在不同程度上對(duì)明朝商事法的訂立、變革和完善起到了推動(dòng)和影響作用。
[Abstract]:The Ming Dynasty in Chinese history was a dynasty with deep-rooted thought of "emphasizing agriculture and suppressing commerce", and the status of the merchant class was low, which was listed as the "last of the four people". From then to the middle of the Ming Dynasty, many social problems intertwined and gathered together, and the feudal society sent out urgent needs for change, forcing the rulers to introduce a series of economic reform measures, thus giving a boost to commerce at that time. To a large extent, social contradictions have been alleviated. It is in this special historical period that Huizhou merchants stand out. Its formation, development and growth have their special political, cultural and geographical factors, but they are also inseparable from the legal consciousness of other merchants. The study on the legal consciousness of Huizhou merchants in Ming Dynasty is helpful for us to understand the operation of commercial laws of Ming Dynasty and the important reasons for the prosperity of Huizhou merchants. This article mainly from the following four parts, the first part of the rise of Huizhou merchants, business conditions and social status for a general introduction; The second part is based on the merchant management system and salt law of the Ming Dynasty commercial statute law, Huizhou business activities and legal awareness of the analysis and study; The third part, based on the commercial customary law of Ming Dynasty, studies and analyzes the commercial norm consciousness, contract consciousness, combination consciousness and rights protection consciousness of Huizhou merchants. The fourth part draws a conclusion: Huizhou merchants have a relatively advanced legal consciousness, in varying degrees of the Ming Dynasty commercial law formation, reform and improvement played a role in promoting and influencing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：D929

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本文編號(hào)：2305747