【摘要】： 朱元璋建立明王朝之后,以“刑亂國(guó)用重典”作為自己的治國(guó)思想,明初一系列的法律文件也是在這一思想指導(dǎo)下所制定的。 朱元璋在明朝建國(guó)之初就決定重典治國(guó),他的這一決定與當(dāng)時(shí)的歷史背景息息相關(guān)。朱元璋的重典思想雖然具有傳統(tǒng)重刑主義的影響,但是將其與先秦法家的重刑思想比較之下,可以看到二者的內(nèi)涵并不一致。朱元璋的重典思想不僅具有傳統(tǒng)重刑主義的特點(diǎn),也有著其自身的特色。朱元璋的重典之治是在當(dāng)時(shí)“亂世”的背景下實(shí)施的權(quán)宜之計(jì),而且?guī)в忻黠@的明刑弼教與以法為教的性質(zhì),是通過(guò)治吏與治民兩種方式來(lái)表現(xiàn)的。 朱元璋在他的法律實(shí)踐中也貫徹了重典治國(guó)的思想。在明王朝有基本法典地位的《大明律》,修訂過(guò)程貫穿整個(gè)洪武朝,受到朱元璋重典思想的影響,表現(xiàn)出“重其所重,輕其所輕”的特點(diǎn)。洪武時(shí)期另一部具有特殊地位的法律文件《大誥》四篇是在《大明律》施行以后出臺(tái)的,以嚴(yán)懲臣民的犯罪,彌補(bǔ)明律的不足。除了立法工作之外,朱元璋在司法方面也貫徹了他的重典思想。在司法實(shí)踐中往往濫施刑罰、屢興大獄、株連廣泛,而且大興文字獄,打壓文人階級(jí),鞏固專制統(tǒng)治。 朱元璋特殊的人生經(jīng)歷,對(duì)他重典思想的形成有著重要影響。重典治國(guó)政策在明初的實(shí)施對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)既有一定的積極意義也有很大的弊端,總體來(lái)說(shuō)弊大于利。朱元璋的重典思想結(jié)合中國(guó)當(dāng)代的法制現(xiàn)象以及現(xiàn)行的刑事政策,仍然具有一定借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang took the "criminal disorder" as his own thought of governing the country, and a series of legal documents were formulated under the guidance of this thought in the early Ming Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang decided to rule the country in the early Ming Dynasty, which was closely related to the historical background of that time. Zhu Yuanzhang's thought of heavy punishment has the influence of traditional severe punishment doctrine, but by comparing it with the thought of heavy punishment of pre-Qin legalists, we can see that the connotation of them is not the same. Zhu Yuanzhang's serious thought not only has the characteristics of traditional severe punishment, but also has its own characteristics. Zhu Yuanzhang's severe rule is an expedient measure implemented under the background of "turbulent times" at that time, and it has the obvious nature of "Ming Dynasty Bishi" and "law", which is expressed by two ways: ruling officials and ruling the people. Zhu Yuanzhang in his legal practice also carried out the serious thought of governing the country. In the Ming Dynasty, the law of the Great Ming Dynasty, which had the status of the basic code, was revised through the whole Hongwu Dynasty, and was influenced by Zhu Yuanzhang's thought of attaching great importance to the code, showing the characteristic of "attaching great importance to it and neglecting it". Another special legal document in Hongwu period, Da Letters Patent, was issued after the implementation of Da Ming Law in order to severely punish the subjects' crimes and make up for the deficiency of Ming's laws. Besides legislative work, Zhu Yuanzhang also carried out his serious thought in judicial aspect. In judicial practice, criminal punishment is often applied, often exuberant and extensive, and the literati class is suppressed and autocratic rule is consolidated. Zhu Yuanzhang's special life experience has an important influence on the formation of his thought. In the early Ming Dynasty, the implementation of the policy of governing the country had both positive significance and great malpractice, generally speaking, the disadvantages outweighed the advantages. Zhu Yuanzhang's serious thought still has certain reference significance in combination with China's contemporary legal phenomenon and current criminal policy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D924;D909.2

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 王瑞山;中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)社會(huì)治安思想研究[D];華東政法大學(xué);2012年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 徐芙蓉;朱元璋“明刑弼教”思想研究[D];安徽大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：2305461