發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-23 21:14

  本文選題：美國(guó) + 偉大社會(huì)��； 參考：《東北師范大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 本文的研究議題是1965年美國(guó)《中小學(xué)教育法》的制定與實(shí)施分析。該法案是美國(guó)第36任總統(tǒng)林登·約翰遜“偉大社會(huì)”改革在教育領(lǐng)域內(nèi)最為重要的法律之一�！皞ゴ笊鐣�(huì)”改革是約翰遜總統(tǒng)運(yùn)用高超的技巧推行的美國(guó)歷史上涉及范圍最廣的改革計(jì)劃,在美國(guó)歷史上擁有濃墨重彩的一筆�！吨行W(xué)教育法》在為中小學(xué)教育提供大規(guī)模資助方面取得了巨大的成功。這部根據(jù)低收入家庭孩子的數(shù)量把教育經(jīng)費(fèi)分配至各州的立法計(jì)劃,使教育經(jīng)費(fèi)能夠有效地資助公立以及私立學(xué)校中的貧困學(xué)生,開啟了聯(lián)邦援助中小學(xué)教育的新時(shí)代。因此,探討《中小學(xué)教育法》的制定與實(shí)施能夠了解其對(duì)美國(guó)教育史甚至是對(duì)于“偉大社會(huì)”改革的重要意義,并且對(duì)于我國(guó)中小學(xué)教育也有積極的借鑒作用。 引言部分主要介紹了本文的選題依據(jù)、國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀、研究方法及文章存在的不足等問題。 正文第一部分分別從《中小學(xué)教育法》在美國(guó)教育法發(fā)展史上以及在“偉大社會(huì)”和聯(lián)邦教育政策關(guān)系上的地位入手進(jìn)行分析,力求闡明該法案與美國(guó)政治制度框架之間的關(guān)系,了解其出臺(tái)的背景。 正文第二部分詳細(xì)勾勒了《中小學(xué)教育法》從提出議案到最終立法的整個(gè)過(guò)程。在法案制定的過(guò)程中,從議案提出前的準(zhǔn)備、法案起草的政治策略到法案在國(guó)會(huì)中的激烈討論并最終在兩院獲得通過(guò),再到最終由總統(tǒng)簽署成為法律,這一系列的過(guò)程中都充滿著權(quán)力的制衡以及各方利益的妥協(xié)。同時(shí)該章還對(duì)法案各部分內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析。 正文第三部分探討了《中小學(xué)教育法》在實(shí)施過(guò)程中的情況以及遇到的問題。論文從法案每一條的實(shí)施情況進(jìn)行考察,分析了造成法案實(shí)施中遇到困難的幾個(gè)因素。 正文第四部分分別從美國(guó)教育史和“偉大社會(huì)”改革層面論述了《中小學(xué)教育法》對(duì)美國(guó)社會(huì)的影響。 結(jié)論部分對(duì)全文進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié),指出美國(guó)教育體系存在分權(quán)的特征�！吨行W(xué)教育法》開啟了聯(lián)邦大規(guī)模干預(yù)中小學(xué)教育的時(shí)代。而《中小學(xué)教育法》的出臺(tái)過(guò)程也并非一帆風(fēng)順,期間充斥著權(quán)力的制衡以及各方利益的妥協(xié)。但不管怎樣,美國(guó)《中小學(xué)教育法》為美國(guó)中小學(xué)教育帶來(lái)的變化值得我們?nèi)ソ梃b。
[Abstract]:The research topic of this paper is the formulation and implementation of the 1965 American Primary and Middle School Education Act. The bill was one of the most important laws in the field of education for Lyndon Johnson, the 36 th president of the United States. "Great Society" reform is the most extensive reform program in the history of the United States carried out by President Johnson with great skill. The primary and secondary education law has been a great success in providing large-scale funding for primary and secondary education in the history of the United States. The program, which allocates education funds to the states according to the number of children from low-income families, enables education funds to effectively fund poor students in public and private schools, opening a new era of federal aid for primary and secondary education. Therefore, probing into the establishment and implementation of the Education Law of Primary and Middle Schools can understand its significance to the history of education in the United States and even to the reform of "great society", and it can also be a positive reference for the education of primary and secondary schools in our country. The introduction mainly introduces the basis of this paper, the current situation of domestic and foreign research, the research methods and the shortcomings of the article. The first part of the text analyzes the status of primary and secondary school education law in the history of American education development and the relationship between "great society" and federal education policy. Seek to clarify the relationship between the Act and the framework of the American political system and understand its background. The second part of the text outlines the whole process of the primary and middle school education law from proposing the bill to the final legislation. In the process of making the bill, from the preparation before the bill was introduced, to the political strategy drafted by the bill, to the heated discussions in Congress that the bill was finally passed in both houses, to the final signing by the President into law. This series of processes are full of checks and balances of power and compromise of the interests of all parties. At the same time, this chapter also carries on the detailed analysis to the bill each part content. The third part of the text discusses the situation and problems encountered in the implementation of the Primary and Middle School Education Law. In this paper, the author analyzes the factors that cause the difficulties in the implementation of each article of the bill. The fourth part discusses the influence of the Primary and Secondary School Education Law on American society from the aspects of American educational history and "Great Society" reform. The conclusion part summarizes the full text and points out that the American education system has the characteristics of decentralization. The Primary and Secondary School Education Act opens the era of federal intervention in primary and secondary education on a large scale. The introduction of the primary and secondary education law is not smooth, full of checks and balances of power and compromise of interests. However, the changes brought about by the American Primary and Secondary Education Act are worthy of our reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D971.2;DD912.1

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 戚姝婷;美國(guó)“補(bǔ)償教育”計(jì)劃對(duì)我國(guó)民族教育優(yōu)先發(fā)展的啟示[D];西南大學(xué);2011年

2 王文倩;20世紀(jì)60年代美國(guó)《初等和中等教育法》研究[D];上海師范大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：1793644