發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-26 00:04

  本文選題：戴雪　切入點(diǎn)：自由主義憲政　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 戴雪是十九世紀(jì)英國(guó)著名的憲法學(xué)家,以對(duì)英國(guó)憲法的開(kāi)創(chuàng)性研究而著稱。在《英憲精義》中,戴雪揭示了英憲的三條基本原則,即巴力門主權(quán),法律主治以及憲法與憲典的聯(lián)絡(luò),使得原本內(nèi)容龐雜、混亂的英國(guó)憲法顯得輪廓清晰,條理有序。具體來(lái)說(shuō),戴雪的憲政思想可以細(xì)化為憲法觀、議會(huì)觀、法治觀。首先,戴雪將憲法定義為關(guān)于國(guó)家主權(quán)行使的規(guī)則,不僅包括憲法性法律,還包括憲法典則。憲法學(xué)者應(yīng)當(dāng)是憲法真相的闡釋者,其研究的主題是憲法性法律以及憲典依賴憲法性法律生效的機(jī)制。其次,戴雪的議會(huì)觀也是比較特殊的,英國(guó)的巴力門由眾民院、貴族院和君主三個(gè)部分組成,巴力門主權(quán)必須三者聯(lián)合行使。當(dāng)然,這種主權(quán)在事實(shí)上受到內(nèi)部外部多重因素制約的。最后,法治觀是戴雪理論的重心所在,戴雪是第一位對(duì)法治理論作系統(tǒng)闡述的學(xué)者,他所給出的法治的三層旨意分別是:武斷權(quán)力的不存在;普通法律與普通法院居于優(yōu)勢(shì);憲法通則形成于普通法院的判決。戴雪對(duì)英國(guó)憲法所作的自由主義闡述是對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)英國(guó)社會(huì)問(wèn)題的一個(gè)回應(yīng),一度反響熱烈。然而到了二十世紀(jì),集體主義盛行,自由主義日漸式微,戴雪的憲政思想也受到了批判。工黨理論家詹寧斯直指戴雪的理論已經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)了。誠(chéng)然,戴雪的理論是有缺陷,但是這并不妨礙對(duì)戴雪理論中某些核心價(jià)值的繼承與發(fā)揚(yáng)。此外,戴雪采取的分析性的研究方法也是有借鑒意義的。總的來(lái)說(shuō),戴雪的理論在今天并沒(méi)有過(guò)時(shí),我們進(jìn)行法治建設(shè),仍然需要回到戴雪那里,去尋找資源,獲得靈感以及智慧。
[Abstract]:Dai Xue is a famous British constitutional scholar in the 19th century and is famous for his pioneering research on the British Constitution. In "the essence of the British Constitution", she reveals three basic principles of the British Constitution, namely, the sovereignty of the British Constitution. The main rule of law and the connection between the constitution and the constitution make the original British constitution clear and orderly. To be specific, Dai Xue's constitutional thought can be divided into constitutional view, parliamentary view, and rule of law view. First of all, He defined the constitution as the rule governing the exercise of state sovereignty, including not only constitutional law, but also the constitutional code. Constitutional scholars should be the interpreters of the truth of the constitution. The theme of his study is the constitutional law and the mechanism by which the constitutional law depends on the enforcement of the constitutional law. Secondly, Dai's view of Parliament is also quite special. The Paleon in Britain is composed of three parts: the House of the people, the House of Lords and the monarch. Of course, this kind of sovereignty is actually restricted by many internal and external factors. Finally, the view of the rule of law is the focus of Dai's theory, which is the first scholar to systematically elaborate on the theory of the rule of law. The three levels of the will of the rule of law given by him are: the non-existence of arbitrary power, the superiority of common law and ordinary courts; The general principles of the constitution were formed in the decisions of ordinary courts. Dai's liberal exposition of the British Constitution was a response to the social problems of the United Kingdom, which was once enthusiastic. However, collectivism prevailed in the twentieth century. Liberalism was declining, and Dasher's constitutional ideas were being criticized. Labour theorist Jennings pointed out that his theory was out of date. Indeed, Daisy's theory was flawed. However, this does not hinder the inheritance and development of some of the core values in Dai's theory. In addition, the analytical research methods adopted by Dai Xue are also instructive. In general, the theory is not out of date today. We still need to go back to Daisy to build the rule of law, to find the resources, the inspiration and the wisdom.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：DD911;D956

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 張彩鳳;現(xiàn)代英國(guó)法治理論的經(jīng)典表述——戴雪的法治觀及現(xiàn)代批判[J];公安大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2002年01期

2 翟小波;憲法是關(guān)于主權(quán)的真實(shí)規(guī)則[J];法學(xué)研究;2004年06期

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本文編號(hào)：1665450