【摘要】：本文明確提出“城市‘易犯罪’空間”的概念來解釋城市空間對犯罪行為的影響。緊扣“什么樣的城市空間容易發(fā)生犯罪”這個關(guān)鍵問題,從城市空間的空間位置、空間形態(tài)和空間氛圍三個屬性切入,初步梳理總結(jié)了國內(nèi)外對物質(zhì)空間影響犯罪行為的已有研究,并用2000年以后北京城市的實際案例加以佐證。本文初步全面地分析了影響犯罪行為的物質(zhì)空間因素和作用機(jī)制,歸納出“兩種位置特征,三種形態(tài)特征和三種氛圍特征”,較為系統(tǒng)地構(gòu)建起規(guī)劃設(shè)計應(yīng)該注意的物質(zhì)空間因素體系,并在此基礎(chǔ)上比較了中西方改造城市空間整治犯罪問題的策略方法、實施方式和效果影響。本文希望從建筑學(xué)角度,為應(yīng)對我國城市高速發(fā)展過程中所面臨的社會治安問題,初步提供科學(xué)統(tǒng)籌“城市建設(shè)”和“犯罪治理”的理論依據(jù)和參考經(jīng)驗,同時也促進(jìn)建筑學(xué)科和規(guī)劃設(shè)計專業(yè)全面參與進(jìn)我國“社會治安綜合治理”工作和構(gòu)建“社會主義和諧社會”的宏偉藍(lán)圖。 本文共分為五個部分,共八章: 第一部分“破題”,包括第1章。介紹了研究的背景意義和思路方法。 第二部分“聯(lián)系”,包括第2章。借鑒了犯罪學(xué)的相關(guān)理論,構(gòu)建起“空間”和“犯罪”的三種聯(lián)系,即“空間位置影響犯罪動機(jī),空間形態(tài)影響犯罪機(jī)會,空間氛圍影響犯罪控制”。 第三部分“分析”,包括第3、4、5章。分別從空間的三方面屬性——空間位置、空間形態(tài)和空間氛圍出發(fā),分析了城市空間對犯罪行為的影響,總結(jié)和歸納了這三方面空間屬性所包含的八種空間特征,并分析了這些特征所對應(yīng)的十八種物質(zhì)空間因素及其對犯罪行為的作用機(jī)制。 第四部分“對比”,包括第6、7章。比較了中西方整治城市“易犯罪”空間的策略方法、實施方式和效果影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)了我國整治工作中存在規(guī)劃設(shè)計參與不足的問題,并對此提出個人觀點和初步建議。 第五部分“總結(jié)”,包括第8章�？傮w回顧了本文研究內(nèi)容并展望了該研究今后可能的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the concept of "urban crime-prone space" is put forward to explain the influence of urban space on criminal behavior. The key question of "what kind of urban space is prone to crime" is closely linked to the three attributes of the spatial position, spatial form and spatial atmosphere of urban space. This paper summarizes the existing research on the influence of physical space on criminal behavior at home and abroad, and proves it by the actual case of Beijing city after 2000. In this paper, the material spatial factors and the action mechanism that affect the criminal behavior are analyzed, and "two kinds of location characteristics, three morphological characteristics and three kinds of atmosphere characteristics" are concluded. The system of physical and spatial factors which should be paid attention to in planning and design is systematically constructed, and on the basis of this, the strategies, methods, implementation methods and effects of urban space renovation in China and the West are compared. From the angle of architecture, this paper hopes to provide the theoretical basis and reference experience of "urban construction" and "crime governance" in order to deal with the problems of social security in the process of rapid development of cities in China. At the same time, it also promotes the comprehensive participation of architectural disciplines and planning and design majors in the work of "comprehensive management of social security" and the grand blueprint for building a "socialist harmonious society". This paper is divided into five parts, eight chapters: the first part, "problem solving", including Chapter 1. The background significance and thinking method of the research are introduced. The second part is "connection", including Chapter 2. Drawing lessons from the relevant theories of criminology, three kinds of connections between "space" and "crime" are constructed, that is, "space position affects crime motive, spatial form affects crime opportunity, and space atmosphere influences crime control". The third part is "Analysis", including Chapter 3, Chapter 4 and Chapter 5. This paper analyzes the influence of urban space on criminal behavior from three aspects of spatial attributes-spatial location, spatial form and spatial atmosphere, and summarizes the eight spatial characteristics of these three spatial attributes. This paper also analyzes 18 kinds of material space factors corresponding to these characteristics and their mechanism of action on criminal behavior. The fourth part is "contrast", including Chapter 6 and Chapter 7. This paper compares the strategies, methods, implementation methods and effects of the Chinese and Western countries in renovating the urban "crime prone" space, finds out that there is insufficient participation in planning and design in the renovation work of our country, and puts forward some personal views and preliminary suggestions. The fifth part is "Summary", including Chapter 8. The contents of this paper are reviewed and the possible future development of this study is prospected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D917;TU981

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本文編號：2373520