試論管制犯社區(qū)矯正的缺陷與完善
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-13 11:50
【摘要】： 管制犯社區(qū)矯正是我國社區(qū)矯正試點中的一項重要內容,鑒于管制犯犯罪情節(jié)輕微、人身危險性較小及社區(qū)矯正符合國際刑罰輕刑化的趨勢,因此管制犯社區(qū)矯正應該在社區(qū)矯正試點中著重認真推行,從而發(fā)現問題、積累經驗,為以后大規(guī)模推廣打下基礎。 但是,試點過程中暴露出的很多問題值得我們關注和思考。其一、作為管制犯社區(qū)矯正唯一權威依據的法律文件----最高人民法院、最高人民檢察院、公安部和司法部聯(lián)合發(fā)布《關于開展社區(qū)矯正試點工作的通知》存在法律上的瑕疵,不宜大規(guī)模長時間適用,因此管制犯社區(qū)矯正的法律依據亟待完善；其二、具體矯正工作中也存在很多亟待解決的問題,例如專業(yè)監(jiān)管機構缺乏、管制犯社區(qū)矯正工作人員嚴重匱乏且現有人員素質不高、矯正工作中心理矯正缺失、社區(qū)居民未有效參與以及矯正過程中公益勞動的合法性值得商榷等。當然在試點階段存在以上問題也是正常的,因為試點的目的就是要發(fā)現問題并加以完善。 針對我國管制犯社區(qū)矯正中暴露的缺陷,筆者提出以下完善的設想：第一、著手管制犯社區(qū)矯正的立法工作,從而明確法律依據及執(zhí)行主體等存在爭議、懸而未決的問題；第二、完善社區(qū)矯正管制犯權利訴求渠道,從而避免矯正過程中矯正工作人員對其人權的侵犯；第三、增加違反監(jiān)管的懲處力度,從而彌補以往對違反監(jiān)管的管制犯懲罰不力的漏洞；第四、針對管制犯在整個社區(qū)矯正體系中相對數量較少的現狀,在社區(qū)矯正中實施“一對一”個性化社區(qū)矯正方案,通過 一系列的流程設計,真正使管制犯在社區(qū)矯正中重新實現社會化,達到制度設計者意欲達到的目的；第五、引入管制犯社區(qū)矯正的相關輔助制度,例如規(guī)范引入社區(qū)志愿者參與管制犯社區(qū)矯正,適當提高志愿者門檻；引入并強化社區(qū)服務內容,使管制犯在社區(qū)服務中反省自身行為,并將其作為評價其矯正期間表現的一個重要考核內容；完善管制犯社區(qū)矯正的評估監(jiān)督機制,完善的監(jiān)督評估機制是實現矯正效果的重要保障,因此監(jiān)督評估機制的完善對于實現管制犯社區(qū)矯正的目的及司法資源的節(jié)約意義重大而深遠。
[Abstract]:Community correction of controlled offenders is an important part of community correction in our country. In view of the minor circumstances of crime, the less personal danger and the trend of light punishment in international punishment, community correction is in line with the trend of international punishment. Therefore, community correction of prisoners should be carried out seriously in the community correction pilot project, so as to find problems, accumulate experience and lay a foundation for large-scale popularization in the future. However, the pilot process exposed a lot of problems worthy of our attention and thinking. First, the legal documents that are the sole authoritative basis for community correction for the prisoners-the Supreme people's Court, the Supreme people's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security, and the Ministry of Justice jointly issued the Circular on the pilot work of Community Correction, which contains legal flaws. It is not suitable for large-scale and long-term application. Therefore, the legal basis for community correction of offenders needs to be improved urgently. Secondly, there are many problems to be solved in the specific rectification work, such as the lack of professional supervision agencies. There is a serious shortage of community correction staff and the quality of the existing staff is not high, the mental correction is missing, the community residents do not participate effectively and the legitimacy of the public welfare labor in the correction process is open to question and so on. Of course, the existence of these problems in the pilot phase is normal, because the purpose of the pilot is to find the problem and improve it. In view of the defects exposed in the community correction of the regulated offenders in our country, the author puts forward the following perfect ideas: first, to start the legislative work of community correction of the control offenders, so as to make clear the legal basis and the main body of execution, etc. Second, improve the channel of community correction control offenders' rights, so as to avoid rectifying staff members' violation of their human rights in the process of correction; third, increase the punishment for violations of supervision. In order to make up for the loopholes in the punishment of the offenders who violate the supervision in the past; fourth, in view of the relatively small number of the control criminals in the whole community correction system, implement the "one-to-one" individualized community correction program in the community correction. Through a series of process design, the real control offenders in community correction in order to re-socialize, achieve the purpose that the system designer intended to achieve; fifthly, the introduction of community correction of control offenders related to the auxiliary system, For example, introducing community volunteers to participate in community correction, raising the threshold of volunteers properly, introducing and strengthening the content of community service, enabling the controller to reflect on his own behavior in community service, And regard it as an important assessment content to evaluate its performance during the period of correction, perfect the evaluation and supervision mechanism of community correction of the regulated offenders, perfect the supervision and evaluation mechanism is the important guarantee to realize the correction effect. Therefore, the improvement of supervision and evaluation mechanism is of great significance for realizing the purpose of community correction and the saving of judicial resources.
【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D926.8
本文編號：2268510
[Abstract]:Community correction of controlled offenders is an important part of community correction in our country. In view of the minor circumstances of crime, the less personal danger and the trend of light punishment in international punishment, community correction is in line with the trend of international punishment. Therefore, community correction of prisoners should be carried out seriously in the community correction pilot project, so as to find problems, accumulate experience and lay a foundation for large-scale popularization in the future. However, the pilot process exposed a lot of problems worthy of our attention and thinking. First, the legal documents that are the sole authoritative basis for community correction for the prisoners-the Supreme people's Court, the Supreme people's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security, and the Ministry of Justice jointly issued the Circular on the pilot work of Community Correction, which contains legal flaws. It is not suitable for large-scale and long-term application. Therefore, the legal basis for community correction of offenders needs to be improved urgently. Secondly, there are many problems to be solved in the specific rectification work, such as the lack of professional supervision agencies. There is a serious shortage of community correction staff and the quality of the existing staff is not high, the mental correction is missing, the community residents do not participate effectively and the legitimacy of the public welfare labor in the correction process is open to question and so on. Of course, the existence of these problems in the pilot phase is normal, because the purpose of the pilot is to find the problem and improve it. In view of the defects exposed in the community correction of the regulated offenders in our country, the author puts forward the following perfect ideas: first, to start the legislative work of community correction of the control offenders, so as to make clear the legal basis and the main body of execution, etc. Second, improve the channel of community correction control offenders' rights, so as to avoid rectifying staff members' violation of their human rights in the process of correction; third, increase the punishment for violations of supervision. In order to make up for the loopholes in the punishment of the offenders who violate the supervision in the past; fourth, in view of the relatively small number of the control criminals in the whole community correction system, implement the "one-to-one" individualized community correction program in the community correction. Through a series of process design, the real control offenders in community correction in order to re-socialize, achieve the purpose that the system designer intended to achieve; fifthly, the introduction of community correction of control offenders related to the auxiliary system, For example, introducing community volunteers to participate in community correction, raising the threshold of volunteers properly, introducing and strengthening the content of community service, enabling the controller to reflect on his own behavior in community service, And regard it as an important assessment content to evaluate its performance during the period of correction, perfect the evaluation and supervision mechanism of community correction of the regulated offenders, perfect the supervision and evaluation mechanism is the important guarantee to realize the correction effect. Therefore, the improvement of supervision and evaluation mechanism is of great significance for realizing the purpose of community correction and the saving of judicial resources.
【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D926.8
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