【摘要】：隨著全球化時代國家間復雜相互依賴的加深以及核網等恐怖平衡的強化,大國之間越來越難以通過大戰(zhàn)方式來獲取絕對安全。在這一背景下,大國間的國家安全斗爭形式日益趨向和平競爭性質,即不再以追求你死我活的零和博弈為宗旨,而代之以爭奪相對安全競爭優(yōu)勢,以壓倒對方斗爭意志從而迫使對方屈服為目的。借鑒西方成熟的商業(yè)競爭理論和原則,將其應用到國家安全斗爭領域,可以發(fā)現(xiàn),國家安全競爭戰(zhàn)略的根本宗旨是以同質競爭來增強"以正合"的能力,又通過異質競爭來提升以奇勝的能力。著眼當前國際斗爭形勢,國家安全競爭應把握以下主要原則:保持和塑造自身獨特價值,保持成本和收益的平衡,有所為有所不為,競爭對抗與合作共贏相結合以及同質競爭與異質競爭相結合等。而要獲取國家安全競爭優(yōu)勢,首先在路徑選擇上要堅持經濟實力領先策略,這是大國競爭優(yōu)勢的根本所系。其次,相對于"增益",總成本最低化則是通過"止損"來確保競爭優(yōu)勢的不二法門。在此基礎上,還要善于利用戰(zhàn)略不對稱的差異化、戰(zhàn)略集中以及戰(zhàn)略轉型期內彎道超車等多種策略來獲取競爭優(yōu)勢。新形勢下,中國國家安全戰(zhàn)略布局已初步形成有利的競爭態(tài)勢,這種態(tài)勢的核心是:辦好自己的事情,避免與美國正面戰(zhàn)略對撞,同時,加快打造非對稱競爭優(yōu)勢以形成對美有效制衡態(tài)勢。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of complex interdependence among countries in the era of globalization and the strengthening of the balance of terror such as nuclear networks, it is becoming increasingly difficult for great powers to obtain absolute security by means of war. Against this background, the form of national security struggle among great powers is increasingly moving towards the nature of peaceful competition, that is, the purpose of the zero-sum game, which is no longer the pursuit of a life and death game, but to compete for the competitive advantage of relative security. The purpose is to overwhelm the opposing party's will to fight and thus force the other party to yield. Referring to the mature commercial competition theories and principles in the West, and applying them to the field of national security struggle, it can be found that the fundamental purpose of the national security competition strategy is to strengthen the ability of "positive match" with homogeneous competition. Through heterogeneous competition to enhance the ability to win by surprise. In view of the current international struggle situation, national security competition should grasp the following main principles: to maintain and shape their own unique value, to maintain the balance between costs and benefits, and to do something wrong. Competitive confrontation and cooperation-win-win combination and homogeneous competition and heterogeneous competition and so on. In order to obtain the competitive advantage of national security, we must first adhere to the strategy of leading economic strength in the choice of path, which is the fundamental link of the competitive advantage of big countries. Second, relative to gain, total cost minimization is through "stop loss" to ensure a competitive advantage. On this basis, we should be good at taking advantage of such strategies as strategic asymmetry differentiation, strategic concentration and corner overtaking in strategic transition period to gain competitive advantage. Under the new situation, the layout of China's national security strategy has initially formed a favorable competitive posture, the core of which is to do its own thing well, to avoid confrontation with the positive strategy of the United States, and at the same time, Speed up the creation of asymmetric competitive advantage to form an effective balance to the United States.
【作者單位】： 中國社會科學院世界經濟與政治研究所;
【分類號】：D035.3

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