本文選題：戶籍制度的功能 + 功能變遷��； 參考：《中央民族大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 本文對(duì)我國(guó)戶籍制度的功能及其變遷進(jìn)行了深入研究。我國(guó)現(xiàn)存戶籍制度的功能包括人口登記功能、社會(huì)管理功能、限制人口遷移功能以及附加的福利分配功能。人口登記功能包括常住和暫住人口登記、出生和死亡登記、遷移登記和變更更正登記等內(nèi)容。社會(huì)管理功能主要是戶籍制度在建國(guó)初期鎮(zhèn)壓反革命和維護(hù)新生人民政權(quán)的功能、防范和打擊違法犯罪活動(dòng)的功能和為政府部門的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)管理活動(dòng)提供人口統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)資料的功能。限制人口遷移功能以及附加的福利分配功能是我國(guó)現(xiàn)存戶籍制度最顯著的功能特點(diǎn)。雖然在一定的歷史時(shí)期,戶籍制度的這些功能曾經(jīng)對(duì)國(guó)家的發(fā)展起到了積極作用,但是隨著時(shí)代的進(jìn)步,戶籍制度這些功能對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的負(fù)面作用日益明顯。戶籍制度限制人口自由遷移的功能和附加的福利分配功能阻礙我國(guó)城市化的進(jìn)程和現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)展,阻礙城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu)的融合；違背市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的要求,阻礙社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和完善；妨礙我國(guó)勞動(dòng)力資源的優(yōu)化配置,損害了經(jīng)濟(jì)效率；還導(dǎo)致戶籍制度的本原功能——人口登記管理和提供人口統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)資料的功能得不到有效發(fā)揮。 現(xiàn)存戶籍制度功能的負(fù)面效果遠(yuǎn)大于其正面效果,所以必須實(shí)現(xiàn)戶籍制度功能的轉(zhuǎn)變。戶籍制度功能變遷的總體方向是逐步取消限制人口自由遷移的功能、逐步剝離附加的福利分配功能以及增強(qiáng)人口登記管理功能和為政府開(kāi)展經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)管理提供人口統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)資料的功能。戶籍制度功能變遷既有客觀動(dòng)因,又有利益主體的主觀動(dòng)力,還有一些有利條件的支持,因而是可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。戶籍制度功能的變遷需要遵循一定的路徑,限制人口遷移功能的變遷路徑大致是近期逐步降低外來(lái)人口落戶城市的準(zhǔn)入條件,遠(yuǎn)期實(shí)現(xiàn)人口自由遷移。附加福利分配功能的變遷路徑是近期消除在就業(yè)和教育等方面對(duì)外來(lái)人口的歧視,擴(kuò)大城市社會(huì)保障的覆蓋面,遠(yuǎn)期剝離戶籍制度的福利分配功能,建立起全國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)一的社會(huì)福利保障制度。人口登記管理和提供人口統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)資料功能的變遷路徑是近期統(tǒng)一戶籍管理機(jī)構(gòu),完善戶籍登記工作,遠(yuǎn)期建立完善的國(guó)家人口信息管理系統(tǒng)。新戶籍制度功能將實(shí)現(xiàn)限制人口遷移功能的取消、福利分配功能的剝離、人口登記管理和提供人口統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)資料功能的還原和加強(qiáng)。戶籍制度功能變遷的實(shí)現(xiàn)將會(huì)帶來(lái)很大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,有利于加快城鎮(zhèn)化和現(xiàn)代化,縮小城鄉(xiāng)差距和貧富差距,提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效率和促進(jìn)資源優(yōu)化配置。促進(jìn)戶籍制度功能變遷的實(shí)現(xiàn)還需要一定的保障條件和措施。本文綜合采用了多種研究方法,包括文獻(xiàn)資料綜合分析法、比較分析法、理論與實(shí)踐相結(jié)合的研究方法等。
[Abstract]:This article has carried on the thorough research to our country household registration system function and its vicissitude. The functions of the existing household registration system in China include population registration function, social management function, restriction of population migration function and additional welfare distribution function. The functions of population registration include permanent and temporary residence registration, birth and death registration, migration registration and modification registration. The function of social management is mainly the function of the household registration system to suppress counter-revolution and safeguard the new-born people's political power in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China. The functions of preventing and cracking down on illegal and criminal activities and providing demographic data for the economic and social management activities of government departments. Restricting the function of population migration and additional function of welfare distribution are the most remarkable features of the existing household registration system in China. Although these functions of the household registration system have played a positive role in the development of the country in a certain historical period, with the progress of the times, the negative effects of these functions of the household registration system on the economic development have become increasingly obvious. The function of the household registration system which restricts the free migration of population and the additional function of welfare distribution hinders the development of urbanization and modernization of our country, hinders the integration of urban and rural dual structure, and runs counter to the requirements of the market economy. It hinders the development and perfection of socialist market economy, hinders the optimal allocation of labor resources, and damages economic efficiency. It also causes the original function of the household registration system-the management of population registration and the function of providing demographic data. The negative effect of the existing household registration system function is far greater than its positive effect, so it is necessary to realize the transformation of the household registration system function. The overall direction of the functional changes of the household registration system is to gradually abolish the function of restricting the free migration of the population. Gradually divest the additional function of welfare distribution and enhance the function of population registration management and the function of providing demographic data for the government to carry out economic and social management. The function change of household registration system has both objective motivation, subjective motive force of the main body of interest and the support of some favorable conditions, so it is possible to realize. The change of the function of household registration system needs to follow a certain path, and the transition path of restricting the function of population migration is to reduce gradually the entry conditions of the immigrant population to settle in the city in the near future, and to realize the free migration of the population in the long run. The transition path of the additional welfare distribution function is to eliminate the discrimination against the foreign population in employment and education in the near future, to expand the coverage of urban social security, and to divest the welfare distribution function of the household registration system in the long term. We will establish a nationwide unified social welfare security system for urban and rural areas. The changing path of the function of population registration management and the function of providing demographic data is to unify the household registration organization, perfect the household registration work and establish a perfect national population information management system in the near future. The function of the new household registration system will realize the cancellation of the function of restricting population migration, the divestiture of the function of welfare distribution, the restoration and strengthening of the functions of population registration management and the provision of demographic data. The realization of the function change of household registration system will bring great economic benefits, which will help to speed up urbanization and modernization, narrow the gap between urban and rural areas and the gap between rich and poor, improve economic efficiency and promote the optimal allocation of resources. To promote the realization of the function change of household registration system, it also needs certain safeguard conditions and measures. In this paper, a variety of research methods are used, including comprehensive analysis of literature, comparative analysis, research methods combining theory with practice, and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D631.42

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 曾德盛;試探索一元戶籍制度下的基本公共服務(wù)均等化體系[D];吉林大學(xué);2011年

，

本文編號(hào)：2011039