本文選題：公務員職務犯罪 + 原因�。� 參考：《西南政法大學》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 公務員職務犯罪是我國當前最為嚴重的犯罪類型之一,公務員職務犯罪的滋生和蔓延已經(jīng)給我國的改革和社會的發(fā)展造成了很嚴重的后果,如果任其發(fā)展,不僅改革開發(fā)和現(xiàn)代化事業(yè)要被葬送,還可能危及人民政權(quán)的穩(wěn)固。十多年來,我國學界對公務員職務犯罪的研究一直方興未艾,取得不少成績。但這部分的理論成果還存在基本概念界定不嚴謹,缺乏依據(jù)我國社會發(fā)展變化做出前瞻性判斷等不足,這也合乎邏輯地導致在刑事司法層面對公務員職務犯罪的預防和治理帶來不確定性和被動性。因此,深入研究公務員職務犯罪的相關(guān)問題,著力在其預防方面,不僅具有重要的理論價值,而且具有重要的應用價值。本文在引言部分還介紹了我國公務員職務犯罪的客觀現(xiàn)實和理論研究現(xiàn)狀,闡述了研究我國公務員職務犯罪的方法及目的。在正文的五大個部分論述了公務員職務犯罪的相關(guān)問題。 全文約4萬字,共分五部分,主要內(nèi)容如下: 一、公務員職務犯罪概述。該部分對與公務員職務犯罪的相關(guān)概念進行辨析、選擇。我國傳統(tǒng)刑法理論將公務員職務犯罪理解為國家工作人員和其他從事公務的人員利用公務實施的有關(guān)犯罪。筆者認為,這縮小了職務犯罪的范圍,也不能正確表述公務員職務犯罪的范圍,而且我國特有的國家工作人員這一概念也有很多不足之處,建議應用公務員職務犯罪這一下位概念來概括國家工作人員和其他從事公務的人員這類犯罪。并在公務員職務犯罪概念的基礎(chǔ)上闡釋了該類犯罪的主體范圍。 二、我國公務員職務犯罪的現(xiàn)狀和原因。首先,依據(jù)最高人民檢察院2008年度的工作報告,該報告是對2003年至2008年檢察院工作的一次比較全面的總結(jié),了解我國公務員職務犯罪的最新狀況。而后,對公務員職務犯罪的原因進行了探究,公務員職務犯罪原因是一個綜合和動態(tài)的罪因體系。筆者以公務員職務犯罪的主體作為切入點,以導致該主體走上犯罪道路的主客觀兩個方面為研究面,深入分析我國公務員職務犯罪的原因,認為公務員職務犯罪主體的主觀方面原因是內(nèi)在而更為根本的,需要長期性的工作才能減少這方面的誘因;客觀方面的原因是刺激行為人產(chǎn)生犯罪動機,便利行為人做出犯罪行為的外在條件,最大限度抑制客觀方面誘因具有現(xiàn)實緊迫性,也是預防公務員職務犯罪的關(guān)鍵所在,在現(xiàn)階段預防對策應更多的針對后者來思考制定。 三、預防公務員職務犯罪的價值優(yōu)勢及可行性。我國歷來重視對公務員職務犯罪的著力打擊,但由于各種原因比較忽視對公務員職務犯罪的預防工作。其實,預防較之打擊是更為根本和經(jīng)濟的手段,是在構(gòu)建和諧社會大背景下更具有價值優(yōu)勢的手段。另外,基于公務員職務犯罪自身具有的可知性、因果性、規(guī)律性,加之人類社會的自我凈化能力,預防公務員職務犯罪是可能可行的。 四、我國公務員職務犯罪預防的現(xiàn)實困境。該部分在簡要回顧我國預防公務員職務犯罪工作后,總結(jié)了各個預防工作階段存在的一些不足。主要問題有:思想認識不到位,立法制度不健全,社會化預防工作沒有達到預期的效果和目的,專業(yè)預防機構(gòu)和隊伍的建設(shè)滯后。 五、完善我國公務員職務犯罪的預防對策。在本部分,先確立一定的理念,即以堅持黨在預防公務員職務犯罪工作中的領(lǐng)導地位,堅持標本兼治、注重預防為基本思路,堅持教育,制度、監(jiān)督相結(jié)合原則,再對應前文關(guān)于公務員職務犯罪的原因分析,相應提出完善對策。具體措施有:加強教育,提高公務員素質(zhì),創(chuàng)建廉政文化;深化制度改革,科學設(shè)置、運行權(quán)力;完善法規(guī)制度,加強監(jiān)督,約束公務員權(quán)力。
[Abstract]:The crime of duty of civil servants is one of the most serious types of crime in China. The birth and spread of civil servants' duty crime has caused serious consequences to the reform and social development of our country. If it is developed, not only the cause of reform and modernization and modernization will be buried, but also the stability of the people's power may be endangered. In the past more than 10 years, The research in the academic circles of our country has been in the ascendant and achieved a lot of achievements in the study of civil servants' duty crime, but the theoretical results of this part still have the basic definition of the basic concepts, and the lack of forward-looking judgments based on the social development and changes in our country, which also logically leads to the prevention and the prevention of the crime of civil servants in the judicial layer of the criminal law. Governance brings uncertainty and passivity. Therefore, it is not only of important theoretical value but also of important application value to study the related issues of civil servants' duty crime and to focus on its prevention. In the introduction, the objective reality and theoretical research status of civil servants in our country are also introduced, and the research is expounded. The method and purpose of civil servants' job-related crimes in China are discussed in the five parts of the text.
The whole text is about 4 words, which is divided into five parts. The main contents are as follows:
First, the overview of the civil service duty crime. This part of the relevant concepts related to the civil service duty crime is discriminated and selected. The traditional criminal law theory of our country understands the civil service duty crime as the related crime of the state staff and other people engaged in public affairs by the public affairs. The concept of civil servants' duty crime is correctly expressed, and the concept of national staff in our country has many shortcomings. It is suggested to apply the concept of official duty crime as a subordinate concept to generalize the crimes of the state staff and other personnel engaged in public affairs, and to explain the concept of the duty crime of the public servants. The scope of the subject of a kind of crime.
Two, the status and reasons of civil servant crime in China. First, according to the work report of the Supreme People's Procuratorate in the year 2008, the report is a comprehensive summary of the work of the procuratorate from 2003 to 2008, to understand the latest situation of the crime of civil servants in our country. Then, the reasons for the civil servants' duty crime are explored, and the public affairs are carried out. The cause of the duty crime is a comprehensive and dynamic cause of the crime. The author takes the main body of the civil service duty crime as the breakthrough point, and takes two aspects as the subject and the subjective and objective view that leads to the subject to go on the road of crime. The author deeply analyzes the reasons for the duty crime of the civil servants in our country, and thinks that the subjective reasons of the main subject of the duty crime of the public servants are internal. In a more fundamental way, the need for long-term work can reduce the cause of this. The objective reason is to stimulate the perpetrator to produce the crime motive, to facilitate the external conditions of the perpetrator to make the crime, to restrain the objective cause to be realistic and to prevent the civil servant's duty crime. Stage prevention should be more focused on the latter.
Three, to prevent the value advantage and feasibility of civil servants' duty crime. China has always attached great importance to the effort to fight crime of civil servants. However, because of various reasons, the prevention of the crime of civil servants is ignored. In fact, the prevention of the attack is more fundamental and economic means, and is more valuable in the construction of a harmonious society. In addition, based on the knowability, causality, regularity, and self purification ability of human society, it is possible to prevent crime by civil servants.
Four, the practical predicament of the prevention of duty crime in civil servants in our country. After a brief review of the job prevention of civil servants in our country, this part sums up some shortcomings in the various stages of prevention work. The main problems are: the lack of understanding, the imperfect legislative system, and the lack of the desired effect and purpose for the social prevention work, and the major problems. The construction of prevention institutions and teams is lagging behind.
Five, to improve the preventive measures for the duty crime of civil servants in our country. In this part, we first establish a certain concept, that is to adhere to the leadership position of the party in the crime prevention of civil servants, adhere to the principle of prevention as the basic idea, adhere to the principle of combining education, system and supervision, and then correspond to the original article about the crime of civil servants. The concrete measures include: strengthening education, improving the quality of civil servants, creating a clean government culture, deepening the reform of the system, setting up science and running power, perfecting the regulatory system, strengthening supervision and restricting the power of civil servants.

【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：D917

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