本文關(guān)鍵詞： 犯罪未成年人 人格 健康人格 人格教育　出處：《河北師范大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來,我國違法犯罪未成年人的人數(shù)呈逐年增加趨勢。與此同時,我國未成年人的人格危機日益凸顯,心理健康水平正在下降。調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)顯示,從1992年到2005年,未成年人的焦慮得分增加了約8%,抑郁得分增加了約7%,敵對心理得分增加了近8%,而積極的心理特征如自尊水平,從1997年到2007年卻下降了11%。人格問題是未成年人犯罪諸因素中的重要因素。研究犯罪未成年人的人格問題,既揭示了人格與未成年人犯罪的密切聯(lián)系,也為預(yù)防未成年人犯罪提供了一個全新的思路。 文章共分三部分: 第一部分主要研究犯罪未成年人的人格特征。了解人格和犯罪未成年人的概念、人格與未成年人犯罪之間的關(guān)系。通過對河北省少管所部分未成年犯的調(diào)查及與石家莊市部分高中生的對照發(fā)現(xiàn),犯罪未成年人在某種程度上的確存在著人格缺陷,具體表現(xiàn)在:追名逐利,人生觀扭曲;精神空虛,缺乏遠大的理想信念;精神質(zhì)特征比較明顯,人際關(guān)系敏感;神經(jīng)質(zhì)特征比較明顯,情緒不穩(wěn)定;是非感較差,價值評判標(biāo)準模糊等五個方面。 第二部分主要從主觀和客觀兩個方面深刻剖析犯罪未成年人的人格形成和發(fā)展的影響因素。從主觀上講,未成年時期既是人格形成的關(guān)鍵時期,又是犯罪心理學(xué)家所說的“危險年齡”時期,往往存在著生理發(fā)育早熟與心理發(fā)育滯后的矛盾,認識能力、控制能力與生理、心理發(fā)展水平不協(xié)調(diào)的矛盾,個人需要與客觀現(xiàn)實的矛盾,如果這些矛盾不能得到妥善疏導(dǎo)和解決,未成年人身上固有的人格弱點就會逐步放大。從客觀上看,某些家庭教育思想不正確、家庭結(jié)構(gòu)缺失、家庭教育方式不當(dāng)、父母行為不良、家庭氣氛不和睦等,不能正常發(fā)揮其在塑造未成年人健康人格方面的功能;部分中小學(xué)教育中存在著教育觀念錯位、教育方法失當(dāng)、學(xué)校管理不善等消極因素,不利于培養(yǎng)未成年人健康人格;社會上的不良社會風(fēng)氣和渲染色情暴力的文化垃圾,嚴重污染著未成年人的心靈,造成未成年人的人格扭曲。這些主客觀原因在一定條件下相互結(jié)合并發(fā)揮作用,就會導(dǎo)致未成年人形成不良人格,甚至走向違法犯罪。 第三部分主要探索預(yù)防未成年人犯罪的人格教育模式。預(yù)防未成年人犯罪最根本的途徑就是進行人格教育,塑造未成年人的健康人格。而搞好人格教育,最有實際意義的莫過于對人格教育對策進行優(yōu)化組合,建立起行之有效的人格教育模式。文章提出了家庭、學(xué)校、社會“三位一體”的人格教育模式,主張強化家庭教育在人格教育中的基礎(chǔ)性功能,發(fā)揮學(xué)校教育在人格教育中的主陣地功能,強化社會教育在人格教育中的保障性功能,形成完整系統(tǒng)的人格教育網(wǎng)絡(luò);提出了德育、智育、法育、心育“四育滲透”的人格教育模式,在德、智、法、心等諸教育活動中塑造未成年人健康人格;提出了知、情、意、信、行相一致的人格教育模式,通過培養(yǎng)未成年人正確積極的認知方式,樂觀、穩(wěn)定、反應(yīng)適度的積極情緒,樹立科學(xué)的價值觀和遠大的理想,培養(yǎng)勇敢、堅韌的意志品質(zhì)和健康的行為習(xí)慣,發(fā)揮未成年人在人格教育中的主體性作用,促進其整體素質(zhì)的提高和個性的和諧發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the number of crimes of minors in our country were increasing year by year. At the same time, China's juvenile personality crisis has become increasingly prominent, the level of mental health is declining. The survey data show that from 1992 to 2005, minor anxiety scores increased by about 8%, depression scores increased by about 7%, hostile psychological score increased nearly 8%, and positive psychological characteristics such as self-esteem level, from 1997 to 2007 fell by 11%. personality is an important factor in juvenile delinquency factors. Personality problems of crime of minors, not only reveal the personality and close contact with a minor crime, but also provides a new idea for prevention minor crime.
The article is divided into three parts:
The first part mainly studies the personality characteristics of juvenile crime and personality. To understand the concept of minors, the relationship between personality and juvenile crime. Through the investigation of Hebei province juvenile part of the juvenile and the discovery and control of high school students in Shijiazhuang, the crime of minors does exist to some extent with personality defects specifically, in: fame, life distortion; spiritual emptiness, lack of lofty ideals and beliefs; the spirit of quality characteristic is quite obvious, interpersonal sensitivity; nervous obvious characteristics, emotional instability; non poor sense, fuzzy evaluation criteria of five aspects.
The second part mainly from the two aspects of subjective and objective factors affecting the profound analysis of Juvenile Personality Formation and development. Subjectively, the juvenile period is the critical period of personality formation, it is a crime what psychologists call "dangerous age" period, there is often a precocious physiological and psychological development lags behind the contradiction understanding, ability, control ability and physiological and psychological development level, contradiction uncoordinated, individual needs and the reality of the conflict, if these contradictions can not be properly ease and resolve the minors who inherent personality weakness will gradually enlarge. Objectively speaking, some of the family education is not correct, lack of family structure, family improper way of education, parents bad behavior, family atmosphere is not harmonious, can not normally play in shaping the health of minors personality function; some primary and middle schools There is a wrong educational concept in education, school education methods misconduct, mismanagement and other negative factors, is not conducive to the cultivation of healthy personality of minors; social adverse social and cultural refuse sex and violence, seriously polluting the minds of minors, resulting in minor distortions of personality. These subjective and objective reasons under certain conditions combined with each other and play a role, will lead to the formation of minor bad personality, even to crimes.
The third part mainly explores the personality of juvenile delinquency prevention education mode. The personality education is the fundamental way to prevent the crime of minors, minors shaping healthy personality. And improve character education, the most meaningful than to the personality education countermeasures to optimize the combination, establish an effective character education model proposed in this paper. Family, school, society "three-in-one" personality education model, advocated the strengthening of family education in personality education in the basic function of school education, play the main position in the personality education function, strengthen social education in the personality education guarantee function, form a complete system of personality education network; put forward the moral education. The intellectual education, law education, psychological education of "four education infiltration" personality education mode, in virtue, wisdom, law, heart and other various educational activities in shaping the healthy personality of minors is put forward; Knowledge, love, meaning, faith, for consistent personality education mode, through the cultivation of minors positive cognitive style, optimistic, stable, moderate reaction positive emotions, scientific values and lofty ideals, cultivate courage, tenacity quality and health habits, did not play the main role the adults in the personality education, promote harmonious development and improving the quality of its overall personality.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D917

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本文編號：1465090