本文關(guān)鍵詞：鄰避型群體性事件的成因及其治理對策研究　出處：《湘潭大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 鄰避型群體性事件 鄰避治理 公民參與

【摘要】：伴隨著經(jīng)濟社會的迅速發(fā)展和城市化進程的快速推進,我國的社會發(fā)展取得了突破式發(fā)展,但是同時也引發(fā)了眾多的社會治理危機。以鄰避沖突為典型代表的群體性事件近年來此起彼伏,導(dǎo)致眾多公共設(shè)施的興建與運行遭到民眾的激烈抗爭。政府主導(dǎo)興建大型公共設(shè)施和項目初衷是為了解決日益緊迫的社會問題,例如垃圾焚燒、火葬場建設(shè)、PX項目上馬等,但是社會公眾處于對設(shè)施未來風險的擔憂和自身利益的考慮往往會強烈反對,甚至演化成鄰避型群體性事件。在公民意識日益覺醒的今天,這種鄰避沖突現(xiàn)象越發(fā)普遍,對這一現(xiàn)象的研究有助于政府部門了解鄰避危機的實質(zhì)和深層根源,進一步完善政府應(yīng)對鄰避矛盾的化解機制。論文在總結(jié)國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對鄰避問題研究的基礎(chǔ)上,對鄰避型群體事件的核心概念進行界定,分析鄰避沖突的負面影響和演化特點,研究鄰避治理當前存在的公眾參與不足、政府公信力缺失、鄰避設(shè)施建設(shè)潛在沖突等問題,并總結(jié)鄰避治理危機的深層原因,主要包括政府角色的混淆不清、相關(guān)法律規(guī)范不健全以及監(jiān)督評估力度弱化等。在此基礎(chǔ)之上,本文選取了美國鄰避治理的發(fā)展歷程、日本垃圾焚燒選址、新加坡PX項目成功上馬等三個國外經(jīng)典案例進行研究分析,把握國外鄰避治理的成果舉措和寶貴經(jīng)驗。通過對相關(guān)理論的梳理和國外經(jīng)驗的分析,針對我國的現(xiàn)實國情,尋求我國政府應(yīng)對鄰避型群體性事件的措施,包括進一步改善政府的鄰避設(shè)施決策程序,理順決策邏輯順序,優(yōu)化鄰避風險決策機制;積極倡導(dǎo)公眾參與政府的鄰避設(shè)施興建與運行過程,保障公民參與的權(quán)益,加強對民眾參與的主體建設(shè),完善相關(guān)保障制度;加強對相關(guān)法規(guī)建設(shè),堅持依法化解鄰避危機,建立科學(xué)的工作制度;完善對鄰避設(shè)施的監(jiān)督評估機制,構(gòu)建公共設(shè)施評估體系,引入第三方參與機制;優(yōu)化鄰避風險補償方案,改變單一補償方式,明晰經(jīng)濟補償范圍,構(gòu)建風險補償機制。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and society and the rapid progress of urbanization, China's social development has made breakthrough development, but at the same time, it has also led to numerous social governance crises. In recent years, the group events, typical of the neighbour and avoidance of conflict, have come and fall, and the construction and operation of many public facilities have been fiercely fought against by the people. The government led the construction of large public facilities and project is designed to solve social problems increasingly urgent, such as waste incineration, crematorium building, PX project, but in the future of the public facilities and concerns about the risk of their own interests often strongly opposed, even evolved into NIMBY mass events. With the increasing awakening of civic awareness, the phenomenon of "neighborhood conflict" is becoming more and more widespread. The research on this phenomenon will help the government understand the essence and deep roots of the "near avoidance" crisis, and further improve the government's resolution mechanism to solve the contradiction between the two sides. This paper summarizes the domestic and foreign scholars on the NIMBY problem research, defines the core concept of obstacle group events on the study of the negative influence of NIMBY conflict and evolution characteristics of the current existence of NIMBY governance and inadequate public participation, lack of credibility of the government, NIMBY facilities potential conflicts and other issues, and summarizes the o deep reason of crisis of governance mainly includes the obstacle, government role confusion, relevant laws and regulations are not perfect and the supervision and evaluation of weakening. On this basis, this paper selects three foreign classic cases, including the development process of NIM management, the location of Japanese waste incineration, and the successful launch of Singapore PX project. Through the analysis on the related theories and foreign experience, according to the actual situation of our country, for our government to the NIMBY group events including measures to further improve the government's NIMBY decision-making procedures, straighten out the logical sequence of decision-making, optimize the NIMBY risk decision-making mechanism; actively promote public participation in the government of NIMBY the construction and operation of facilities, safeguard the citizen participation rights, strengthen the construction of the main body of public participation, improve the relevant security system; strengthen the construction of relevant laws and regulations, adhere to the law to resolve NIMBY crisis, the establishment of scientific work system; improve the supervision and evaluation mechanism of NIMBY facilities, public facilities construction of evaluation system, the introduction of third party participation mechanism; optimization of NIMBY risk compensation scheme, change the single way of compensation, clear the scope of economic compensation, establishing risk compensation mechanism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D631.43

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